In the Light of Evolution: A Reevaluation of Conservation in the CO–FT Regulon and Its Role in Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time
Identifieur interne : 000506 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000505; suivant : 000507In the Light of Evolution: A Reevaluation of Conservation in the CO–FT Regulon and Its Role in Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time
Auteurs : Evangeline S. Ballerini [États-Unis] ; Elena M. Kramer [États-Unis]Source :
- Frontiers in plant science [ 1664-462X ] ; 2011.
Abstract
In order to maximize reproductive success, plants have evolved different strategies to control the critical developmental shift marked by the transition to flowering. As plants have adapted to diverse environments across the globe, these strategies have evolved to recognize and respond to local seasonal cues through the induction of specific downstream genetic pathways, thereby ensuring that the floral transition occurs in favorable conditions. Determining the genetic factors involved in controlling the floral transition in many species is key to understanding how this trait has evolved. Striking genetic discoveries in
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2011.00081
PubMed: 22639612
PubMed Central: 3355682
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">In the Light of Evolution: A Reevaluation of Conservation in the <italic>CO</italic>–<italic>FT</italic> Regulon and Its Role in Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time</title><author><name sortKey="Ballerini, Evangeline S" sort="Ballerini, Evangeline S" uniqKey="Ballerini E" first="Evangeline S." last="Ballerini">Evangeline S. Ballerini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramer, Elena M" sort="Kramer, Elena M" uniqKey="Kramer E" first="Elena M." last="Kramer">Elena M. Kramer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22639612</idno><idno type="pmc">3355682</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3355682</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3355682</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fpls.2011.00081</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000702</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000702</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000506</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">In the Light of Evolution: A Reevaluation of Conservation in the <italic>CO</italic>–<italic>FT</italic> Regulon and Its Role in Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time</title><author><name sortKey="Ballerini, Evangeline S" sort="Ballerini, Evangeline S" uniqKey="Ballerini E" first="Evangeline S." last="Ballerini">Evangeline S. Ballerini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramer, Elena M" sort="Kramer, Elena M" uniqKey="Kramer E" first="Elena M." last="Kramer">Elena M. Kramer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in plant science</title><idno type="eISSN">1664-462X</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In order to maximize reproductive success, plants have evolved different strategies to control the critical developmental shift marked by the transition to flowering. As plants have adapted to diverse environments across the globe, these strategies have evolved to recognize and respond to local seasonal cues through the induction of specific downstream genetic pathways, thereby ensuring that the floral transition occurs in favorable conditions. Determining the genetic factors involved in controlling the floral transition in many species is key to understanding how this trait has evolved. Striking genetic discoveries in <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic> (<italic>Arabidopsis</italic>) and <italic>Oryza sativa</italic> (rice) revealed that similar genes in both species control flowering in response to photoperiod, suggesting that this genetic module could be conserved between distantly related angiosperms. However, as we have gained a better understanding of the complex evolution of these genes and their functions in other species, another possibility must be considered: that the genetic module controlling flowering in response to photoperiod is the result of convergence rather than conservation. In this review, we show that while data clearly support a central role of <italic>FLOWERING LOCUS T</italic> (<italic>FT</italic>) homologs in floral promotion across a diverse group of angiosperms, there is little evidence for a conserved role of <italic>CONSTANS</italic> (<italic>CO</italic>) homologs in the regulation of these loci. In addition, although there is an element of conserved function for <italic>FT</italic> homologs, even this component has surprising complexity in its regulation and evolution.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ben Naim, O" uniqKey="Ben Naim O">O. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Plant Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Plant Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Front. Plant Sci.</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers in plant science</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1664-462X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Frontiers Research Foundation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22639612</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3355682</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpls.2011.00081</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Plant Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>In the Light of Evolution: A Reevaluation of Conservation in the <italic>CO</italic>–<italic>FT</italic> Regulon and Its Role in Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ballerini</surname><given-names>Evangeline S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn002"><sup>†</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kramer</surname><given-names>Elena M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn001">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup><institution>Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by: Andrew Groover, United States Forest Service, USA</p></fn><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Reviewed by: Richard Macknight, University of Otago, New Zealand; Franziska Katharina Turck, Max Planck Society, Germany</p></fn><corresp id="fn001">*Correspondence: Elena M. Kramer, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. e-mail: <email>ekramer@oeb.harvard.edu</email></corresp><fn fn-type="present-address" id="fn002"><p><sup>†</sup>Present address: Evangeline S. Ballerini, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" id="fn003"><p>This article was submitted to Frontiers in Plant Evolution and Development, a specialty of Frontiers in Plant Science.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><elocation-id>81</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day><month>9</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011 Ballerini and Kramer.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement"><license-p>This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>In order to maximize reproductive success, plants have evolved different strategies to control the critical developmental shift marked by the transition to flowering. As plants have adapted to diverse environments across the globe, these strategies have evolved to recognize and respond to local seasonal cues through the induction of specific downstream genetic pathways, thereby ensuring that the floral transition occurs in favorable conditions. Determining the genetic factors involved in controlling the floral transition in many species is key to understanding how this trait has evolved. Striking genetic discoveries in <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic> (<italic>Arabidopsis</italic>) and <italic>Oryza sativa</italic> (rice) revealed that similar genes in both species control flowering in response to photoperiod, suggesting that this genetic module could be conserved between distantly related angiosperms. However, as we have gained a better understanding of the complex evolution of these genes and their functions in other species, another possibility must be considered: that the genetic module controlling flowering in response to photoperiod is the result of convergence rather than conservation. In this review, we show that while data clearly support a central role of <italic>FLOWERING LOCUS T</italic> (<italic>FT</italic>) homologs in floral promotion across a diverse group of angiosperms, there is little evidence for a conserved role of <italic>CONSTANS</italic> (<italic>CO</italic>) homologs in the regulation of these loci. In addition, although there is an element of conserved function for <italic>FT</italic> homologs, even this component has surprising complexity in its regulation and evolution.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>flowering time</kwd><kwd><italic>CONSTANS</italic></kwd><kwd><italic>FLOWERING LOCUS T</italic></kwd><kwd>photoperiod</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="0"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="86"></ref-count><page-count count="13"></page-count><word-count count="10893"></word-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ballerini, Evangeline S" sort="Ballerini, Evangeline S" uniqKey="Ballerini E" first="Evangeline S." last="Ballerini">Evangeline S. Ballerini</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kramer, Elena M" sort="Kramer, Elena M" uniqKey="Kramer E" first="Elena M." last="Kramer">Elena M. Kramer</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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