Design and Update of a Classification System: The UCSD Map of Science
Identifieur interne : 000425 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000424; suivant : 000426Design and Update of a Classification System: The UCSD Map of Science
Auteurs : Katy Börner [États-Unis, Pays-Bas] ; Richard Klavans [États-Unis] ; Michael Patek [États-Unis] ; Angela M. Zoss [États-Unis] ; Joseph R. Biberstine [États-Unis] ; Robert P. Light [États-Unis] ; Vincent Larivière [États-Unis, Canada] ; Kevin W. Boyack [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Global maps of science can be used as a reference system to chart career trajectories, the location of emerging research frontiers, or the expertise profiles of institutes or nations. This paper details data preparation, analysis, and layout performed when designing and subsequently updating the UCSD map of science and classification system. The original classification and map use 7.2 million papers and their references from Elsevier’s Scopus (about 15,000 source titles, 2001–2005) and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) Science, Social Science, Arts & Humanities Citation Indexes (about 9,000 source titles, 2001–2004)–about 16,000 unique source titles. The updated map and classification adds six years (2005–2010) of WoS data and three years (2006–2008) from Scopus to the existing category structure–increasing the number of source titles to about 25,000. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a widely used map of science was updated. A comparison of the original 5-year and the new 10-year maps and classification system show (i) an increase in the total number of journals that can be mapped by 9,409 journals (social sciences had a 80% increase, humanities a 119% increase, medical (32%) and natural science (74%)), (ii) a simplification of the map by assigning all but five highly interdisciplinary journals to exactly one discipline, (iii) a more even distribution of journals over the 554 subdisciplines and 13 disciplines when calculating the coefficient of variation, and (iv) a better reflection of journal clusters when compared with paper-level citation data. When evaluating the map with a listing of desirable features for maps of science, the updated map is shown to have higher mapping accuracy, easier understandability as fewer journals are multiply classified, and higher usability for the generation of data overlays, among others.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039464
PubMed: 22808037
PubMed Central: 3395643
Affiliations:
- Canada, Pays-Bas, États-Unis
- Hollande-Septentrionale, Indiana, Nouveau-Mexique, Pennsylvanie, Québec
- Amsterdam, Montréal
- Université du Québec à Montréal
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3395643Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Global maps of science can be used as a reference system to chart career trajectories, the location of emerging research frontiers, or the expertise profiles of institutes or nations. This paper details data preparation, analysis, and layout performed when designing and subsequently updating the UCSD map of science and classification system. The original classification and map use 7.2 million papers and their references from Elsevier’s Scopus (about 15,000 source titles, 2001–2005) and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) Science, Social Science, Arts & Humanities Citation Indexes (about 9,000 source titles, 2001–2004)–about 16,000 unique source titles. The updated map and classification adds six years (2005–2010) of WoS data and three years (2006–2008) from Scopus to the existing category structure–increasing the number of source titles to about 25,000. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a widely used map of science was updated. A comparison of the original 5-year and the new 10-year maps and classification system show (i) an increase in the total number of journals that can be mapped by 9,409 journals (social sciences had a 80% increase, humanities a 119% increase, medical (32%) and natural science (74%)), (ii) a simplification of the map by assigning all but five highly interdisciplinary journals to exactly one discipline, (iii) a more even distribution of journals over the 554 subdisciplines and 13 disciplines when calculating the coefficient of variation, and (iv) a better reflection of journal clusters when compared with paper-level citation data. When evaluating the map with a listing of desirable features for maps of science, the updated map is shown to have higher mapping accuracy, easier understandability as fewer journals are multiply classified, and higher usability for the generation of data overlays, among others.</p>
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<author><name sortKey="Boyack, Kw" uniqKey="Boyack K">KW Boyack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Linnemeier, Mw" uniqKey="Linnemeier M">MW Linnemeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Duhon, Rj" uniqKey="Duhon R">RJ Duhon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Phillips, Pa" uniqKey="Phillips P">PA Phillips</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kosecki, S" uniqKey="Kosecki S">S Kosecki</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shoemaker, R" uniqKey="Shoemaker R">R Shoemaker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baer, Ck" uniqKey="Baer C">CK Baer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Borner, K" uniqKey="Borner K">K Börner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boyack, Kw" uniqKey="Boyack K">KW Boyack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Milojevi, S" uniqKey="Milojevi S">S Milojević</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morris, S" uniqKey="Morris S">S Morris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boyack, Kw" uniqKey="Boyack K">KW Boyack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klavans, R" uniqKey="Klavans R">R Klavans</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borner, K" uniqKey="Borner K">K Börner</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boyack, Kw" uniqKey="Boyack K">KW Boyack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Newman, D" uniqKey="Newman D">D Newman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Duhon, Rj" uniqKey="Duhon R">RJ Duhon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klavans, R" uniqKey="Klavans R">R Klavans</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Patek, M" uniqKey="Patek M">M Patek</name>
</author>
</analytic>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22808037</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3395643</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-12-03892</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0039464</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Computer Science</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Computer Applications</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Web-Based Applications</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Text Mining</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Medicine</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Non-Clinical Medicine</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Medical Communication</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Science Policy</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Research Assessment</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Bibliometrics</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Science Policy and Economics</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Social and Behavioral Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Geography</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Cartography</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Information Science</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Design and Update of a Classification System: The UCSD Map of Science</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">The UCSD Map of Science</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Börner</surname>
<given-names>Katy</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Klavans</surname>
<given-names>Richard</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Patek</surname>
<given-names>Michael</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zoss</surname>
<given-names>Angela M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Biberstine</surname>
<given-names>Joseph R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Light</surname>
<given-names>Robert P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Larivière</surname>
<given-names>Vincent</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boyack</surname>
<given-names>Kevin W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
<addr-line>Cyberinfrastructure for Network Science Center, School of Library and Information Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>
<addr-line>Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>
<addr-line>SciTech Strategies, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><label>4</label>
<addr-line>École de Bibliothéconomie et des Sciences de L’information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5"><label>5</label>
<addr-line>Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6"><label>6</label>
<addr-line>SciTech Strategies, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Smalheiser</surname>
<given-names>Neil R.</given-names>
</name>
<role>Editor</role>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="edit1">University of Illinois-Chicago, United States of America</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>katy@indiana.edu</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: K. Börner RK VL K. Boyack. Performed the experiments: K. Börner RK MP AZ JB RL VL K. Boyack. Analyzed the data: RL VL K. Boyack. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AZ JB. Wrote the paper: K. Börner RL VL K. Boyack.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>7</issue>
<elocation-id>e39464</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>7</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Börner et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Global maps of science can be used as a reference system to chart career trajectories, the location of emerging research frontiers, or the expertise profiles of institutes or nations. This paper details data preparation, analysis, and layout performed when designing and subsequently updating the UCSD map of science and classification system. The original classification and map use 7.2 million papers and their references from Elsevier’s Scopus (about 15,000 source titles, 2001–2005) and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) Science, Social Science, Arts & Humanities Citation Indexes (about 9,000 source titles, 2001–2004)–about 16,000 unique source titles. The updated map and classification adds six years (2005–2010) of WoS data and three years (2006–2008) from Scopus to the existing category structure–increasing the number of source titles to about 25,000. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a widely used map of science was updated. A comparison of the original 5-year and the new 10-year maps and classification system show (i) an increase in the total number of journals that can be mapped by 9,409 journals (social sciences had a 80% increase, humanities a 119% increase, medical (32%) and natural science (74%)), (ii) a simplification of the map by assigning all but five highly interdisciplinary journals to exactly one discipline, (iii) a more even distribution of journals over the 554 subdisciplines and 13 disciplines when calculating the coefficient of variation, and (iv) a better reflection of journal clusters when compared with paper-level citation data. When evaluating the map with a listing of desirable features for maps of science, the updated map is shown to have higher mapping accuracy, easier understandability as fewer journals are multiply classified, and higher usability for the generation of data overlays, among others.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="10"></page-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li>
<li>Pays-Bas</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li>
<li>Indiana</li>
<li>Nouveau-Mexique</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Québec</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Amsterdam</li>
<li>Montréal</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université du Québec à Montréal</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Indiana"><name sortKey="Borner, Katy" sort="Borner, Katy" uniqKey="Borner K" first="Katy" last="Börner">Katy Börner</name>
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<name sortKey="Biberstine, Joseph R" sort="Biberstine, Joseph R" uniqKey="Biberstine J" first="Joseph R." last="Biberstine">Joseph R. Biberstine</name>
<name sortKey="Boyack, Kevin W" sort="Boyack, Kevin W" uniqKey="Boyack K" first="Kevin W." last="Boyack">Kevin W. Boyack</name>
<name sortKey="Klavans, Richard" sort="Klavans, Richard" uniqKey="Klavans R" first="Richard" last="Klavans">Richard Klavans</name>
<name sortKey="Lariviere, Vincent" sort="Lariviere, Vincent" uniqKey="Lariviere V" first="Vincent" last="Larivière">Vincent Larivière</name>
<name sortKey="Light, Robert P" sort="Light, Robert P" uniqKey="Light R" first="Robert P." last="Light">Robert P. Light</name>
<name sortKey="Patek, Michael" sort="Patek, Michael" uniqKey="Patek M" first="Michael" last="Patek">Michael Patek</name>
<name sortKey="Zoss, Angela M" sort="Zoss, Angela M" uniqKey="Zoss A" first="Angela M." last="Zoss">Angela M. Zoss</name>
</country>
<country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Borner, Katy" sort="Borner, Katy" uniqKey="Borner K" first="Katy" last="Börner">Katy Börner</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Canada"><region name="Québec"><name sortKey="Lariviere, Vincent" sort="Lariviere, Vincent" uniqKey="Lariviere V" first="Vincent" last="Larivière">Vincent Larivière</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Lariviere, Vincent" sort="Lariviere, Vincent" uniqKey="Lariviere V" first="Vincent" last="Larivière">Vincent Larivière</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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