Finding Our Way through Phenotypes
Identifieur interne : 000107 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000106; suivant : 000108Finding Our Way through Phenotypes
Auteurs : Andrew R. Deans [États-Unis] ; Suzanna E. Lewis [États-Unis] ; Eva Huala [États-Unis] ; Salvatore S. Anzaldo [États-Unis] ; Michael Ashburner [Royaume-Uni] ; James P. Balhoff [États-Unis] ; David C. Blackburn [États-Unis] ; Judith A. Blake [États-Unis] ; J. Gordon Burleigh [États-Unis] ; Bruno Chanet [France] ; Laurel D. Cooper [États-Unis] ; Mélanie Courtot [Canada] ; Sándor Csösz [Hongrie] ; Hong Cui [États-Unis] ; Wasila Dahdul [États-Unis] ; Sandip Das [Inde] ; T. Alexander Dececchi [États-Unis] ; Agnes Dettai [France] ; Rui Diogo [États-Unis] ; Robert E. Druzinsky [États-Unis] ; Michel Dumontier [États-Unis] ; Nico M. Franz [États-Unis] ; Frank Friedrich [Allemagne] ; George V. Gkoutos [Royaume-Uni] ; Melissa Haendel [États-Unis] ; Luke J. Harmon [États-Unis] ; Terry F. Hayamizu [États-Unis] ; Yongqun He [États-Unis] ; Heather M. Hines [États-Unis] ; Nizar Ibrahim [États-Unis] ; Laura M. Jackson [États-Unis] ; Pankaj Jaiswal [États-Unis] ; Christina James-Zorn [États-Unis] ; Sebastian Köhler [Allemagne] ; Guillaume Lecointre [France] ; Hilmar Lapp [États-Unis] ; Carolyn J. Lawrence [États-Unis] ; Nicolas Le Novère [Royaume-Uni] ; John G. Lundberg [États-Unis] ; James Macklin [Canada] ; Austin R. Mast [États-Unis] ; Peter E. Midford [États-Unis] ; István Mik [États-Unis] ; Christopher J. Mungall [États-Unis] ; Anika Oellrich [Royaume-Uni] ; David Osumi-Sutherland [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen Parkinson [Royaume-Uni] ; Martín J. Ramírez [Argentine] ; Stefan Richter [Allemagne] ; Peter N. Robinson [Allemagne] ; Alan Ruttenberg [États-Unis] ; Katja S. Schulz [États-Unis] ; Erik Segerdell [États-Unis] ; Katja C. Seltmann [États-Unis] ; Michael J. Sharkey [États-Unis] ; Aaron D. Smith [États-Unis] ; Barry Smith [États-Unis] ; Chelsea D. Specht [États-Unis] ; R. Burke Squires [États-Unis] ; Robert W. Thacker [États-Unis] ; Anne Thessen [États-Unis] ; Jose Fernandez-Triana [Canada] ; Mauno Vihinen [Suède] ; Peter D. Vize [Canada] ; Lars Vogt [Allemagne] ; Christine E. Wall [États-Unis] ; Ramona L. Walls [États-Unis] ; Monte Westerfeld [États-Unis] ; Robert A. Wharton [États-Unis] ; Christian S. Wirkner [Allemagne] ; James B. Woolley [États-Unis] ; Matthew J. Yoder [États-Unis] ; Aaron M. Zorn [États-Unis] ; Paula Mabee [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS Biology [ 1544-9173 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Imagine if we could compute across phenotype data as easily as genomic data; this article calls for efforts to realize this vision and discusses the potential benefits.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002033
PubMed: 25562316
PubMed Central: 4285398
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Argentine, Canada, France, Hongrie, Inde, Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
- Alabama, Alberta, Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Arizona, Berlin, Californie, Caroline du Nord, Dakota du Sud, District de Cologne, District de Columbia, Floride, Hambourg, Hongrie centrale, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine (État), Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvanie, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Texas, Virginie, État de New York
- Ames (Iowa), Berlin, Bonn, Budapest, Buffalo (New York), Calgary, Cambridge, Hambourg, Paris, Portland, University Park (Pennsylvanie), Washington (district de Columbia)
- Université d'État de New York à Buffalo, Université d'État de Pennsylvanie, Université d'État de l'Iowa, Université de Calgary, Université de Cambridge, Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4285398Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Blake, Judith A" sort="Blake, Judith A" uniqKey="Blake J" first="Judith A." last="Blake">Judith A. Blake</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Burleigh, J Gordon" sort="Burleigh, J Gordon" uniqKey="Burleigh J" first="J. Gordon" last="Burleigh">J. Gordon Burleigh</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chanet, Bruno" sort="Chanet, Bruno" uniqKey="Chanet B" first="Bruno" last="Chanet">Bruno Chanet</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Courtot, Melanie" sort="Courtot, Melanie" uniqKey="Courtot M" first="Mélanie" last="Courtot">Mélanie Courtot</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Csosz, Sandor" sort="Csosz, Sandor" uniqKey="Csosz S" first="Sándor" last="Csösz">Sándor Csösz</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Das, Sandip" sort="Das, Sandip" uniqKey="Das S" first="Sandip" last="Das">Sandip Das</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff18"><addr-line>Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C.</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Druzinsky, Robert E" sort="Druzinsky, Robert E" uniqKey="Druzinsky R" first="Robert E." last="Druzinsky">Robert E. Druzinsky</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Dumontier, Michel" sort="Dumontier, Michel" uniqKey="Dumontier M" first="Michel" last="Dumontier">Michel Dumontier</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, California</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Franz, Nico M" sort="Franz, Nico M" uniqKey="Franz N" first="Nico M." last="Franz">Nico M. Franz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Friedrich, Frank" sort="Friedrich, Frank" uniqKey="Friedrich F" first="Frank" last="Friedrich">Frank Friedrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff21"><addr-line>Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Hamburg University, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Gkoutos, George V" sort="Gkoutos, George V" uniqKey="Gkoutos G" first="George V." last="Gkoutos">George V. Gkoutos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22"><addr-line>Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ceredigion</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haendel, Melissa" sort="Haendel, Melissa" uniqKey="Haendel M" first="Melissa" last="Haendel">Melissa Haendel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff23"><addr-line>Department of Medical Informatics & Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Informatics & Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Portland</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon</orgName>
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<author><name sortKey="Harmon, Luke J" sort="Harmon, Luke J" uniqKey="Harmon L" first="Luke J." last="Harmon">Luke J. Harmon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff24"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hayamizu, Terry F" sort="Hayamizu, Terry F" uniqKey="Hayamizu T" first="Terry F." last="Hayamizu">Terry F. Hayamizu</name>
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</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="He, Yongqun" sort="He, Yongqun" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yongqun" last="He">Yongqun He</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Hines, Heather M" sort="Hines, Heather M" uniqKey="Hines H" first="Heather M." last="Hines">Heather M. Hines</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Ibrahim, Nizar" sort="Ibrahim, Nizar" uniqKey="Ibrahim N" first="Nizar" last="Ibrahim">Nizar Ibrahim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff27"><addr-line>Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jackson, Laura M" sort="Jackson, Laura M" uniqKey="Jackson L" first="Laura M." last="Jackson">Laura M. Jackson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Jaiswal, Pankaj" sort="Jaiswal, Pankaj" uniqKey="Jaiswal P" first="Pankaj" last="Jaiswal">Pankaj Jaiswal</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="James Zorn, Christina" sort="James Zorn, Christina" uniqKey="James Zorn C" first="Christina" last="James-Zorn">Christina James-Zorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><addr-line>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kohler, Sebastian" sort="Kohler, Sebastian" uniqKey="Kohler S" first="Sebastian" last="Köhler">Sebastian Köhler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff29"><addr-line>Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lecointre, Guillaume" sort="Lecointre, Guillaume" uniqKey="Lecointre G" first="Guillaume" last="Lecointre">Guillaume Lecointre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lapp, Hilmar" sort="Lapp, Hilmar" uniqKey="Lapp H" first="Hilmar" last="Lapp">Hilmar Lapp</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lawrence, Carolyn J" sort="Lawrence, Carolyn J" uniqKey="Lawrence C" first="Carolyn J." last="Lawrence">Carolyn J. Lawrence</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff30"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region>
<settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Le Novere, Nicolas" sort="Le Novere, Nicolas" uniqKey="Le Novere N" first="Nicolas" last="Le Novère">Nicolas Le Novère</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><addr-line>Signalling ISP, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, UK</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Signalling ISP, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridgeshire</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lundberg, John G" sort="Lundberg, John G" uniqKey="Lundberg J" first="John G." last="Lundberg">John G. Lundberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff32"><addr-line>Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Macklin, James" sort="Macklin, James" uniqKey="Macklin J" first="James" last="Macklin">James Macklin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff33"><addr-line>Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mast, Austin R" sort="Mast, Austin R" uniqKey="Mast A" first="Austin R." last="Mast">Austin R. Mast</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff34"><addr-line>Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Midford, Peter E" sort="Midford, Peter E" uniqKey="Midford P" first="Peter E." last="Midford">Peter E. Midford</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff35"><addr-line>Richmond, Virginia, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Richmond, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mik, Istvan" sort="Mik, Istvan" uniqKey="Mik I" first="István" last="Mik">István Mik</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mungall, Christopher J" sort="Mungall, Christopher J" uniqKey="Mungall C" first="Christopher J." last="Mungall">Christopher J. Mungall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oellrich, Anika" sort="Oellrich, Anika" uniqKey="Oellrich A" first="Anika" last="Oellrich">Anika Oellrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osumi Sutherland, David" sort="Osumi Sutherland, David" uniqKey="Osumi Sutherland D" first="David" last="Osumi-Sutherland">David Osumi-Sutherland</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parkinson, Helen" sort="Parkinson, Helen" uniqKey="Parkinson H" first="Helen" last="Parkinson">Helen Parkinson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Martin J" sort="Ramirez, Martin J" uniqKey="Ramirez M" first="Martín J." last="Ramírez">Martín J. Ramírez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff37"><addr-line>Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales - CONICET, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Richter, Stefan" sort="Richter, Stefan" uniqKey="Richter S" first="Stefan" last="Richter">Stefan Richter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><addr-line>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robinson, Peter N" sort="Robinson, Peter N" uniqKey="Robinson P" first="Peter N." last="Robinson">Peter N. Robinson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff39"><addr-line>Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruttenberg, Alan" sort="Ruttenberg, Alan" uniqKey="Ruttenberg A" first="Alan" last="Ruttenberg">Alan Ruttenberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><addr-line>School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Buffalo (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de New York à Buffalo</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schulz, Katja S" sort="Schulz, Katja S" uniqKey="Schulz K" first="Katja S." last="Schulz">Katja S. Schulz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff41"><addr-line>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>D.C.</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Segerdell, Erik" sort="Segerdell, Erik" uniqKey="Segerdell E" first="Erik" last="Segerdell">Erik Segerdell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff42"><addr-line>Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
<settlement type="city">Portland</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seltmann, Katja C" sort="Seltmann, Katja C" uniqKey="Seltmann K" first="Katja C." last="Seltmann">Katja C. Seltmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff43"><addr-line>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharkey, Michael J" sort="Sharkey, Michael J" uniqKey="Sharkey M" first="Michael J." last="Sharkey">Michael J. Sharkey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff44"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Kentucky</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Aaron D" sort="Smith, Aaron D" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Aaron D." last="Smith">Aaron D. Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff45"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Barry" sort="Smith, Barry" uniqKey="Smith B" first="Barry" last="Smith">Barry Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff46"><addr-line>Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Buffalo (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de New York à Buffalo</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Specht, Chelsea D" sort="Specht, Chelsea D" uniqKey="Specht C" first="Chelsea D." last="Specht">Chelsea D. Specht</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff47"><addr-line>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Integrative Biology, and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Integrative Biology, and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Squires, R Burke" sort="Squires, R Burke" uniqKey="Squires R" first="R. Burke" last="Squires">R. Burke Squires</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff48"><addr-line>Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thacker, Robert W" sort="Thacker, Robert W" uniqKey="Thacker R" first="Robert W." last="Thacker">Robert W. Thacker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff49"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Alabama</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thessen, Anne" sort="Thessen, Anne" uniqKey="Thessen A" first="Anne" last="Thessen">Anne Thessen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff50"><addr-line>The Data Detektiv, 1412 Stearns Hill Road, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Data Detektiv, 1412 Stearns Hill Road, Waltham, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fernandez Triana, Jose" sort="Fernandez Triana, Jose" uniqKey="Fernandez Triana J" first="Jose" last="Fernandez-Triana">Jose Fernandez-Triana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff51"><addr-line>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vihinen, Mauno" sort="Vihinen, Mauno" uniqKey="Vihinen M" first="Mauno" last="Vihinen">Mauno Vihinen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff52"><addr-line>Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lund</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vize, Peter D" sort="Vize, Peter D" uniqKey="Vize P" first="Peter D." last="Vize">Peter D. Vize</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff53"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement>
<region type="state">Alberta</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogt, Lars" sort="Vogt, Lars" uniqKey="Vogt L" first="Lars" last="Vogt">Lars Vogt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff54"><addr-line>Universität Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie, Bonn, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Universität Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wall, Christine E" sort="Wall, Christine E" uniqKey="Wall C" first="Christine E." last="Wall">Christine E. Wall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff55"><addr-line>Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Walls, Ramona L" sort="Walls, Ramona L" uniqKey="Walls R" first="Ramona L." last="Walls">Ramona L. Walls</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff56"><addr-line>iPlant Collaborative University of Arizona, Thomas J. Keating Bioresearch Building, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>iPlant Collaborative University of Arizona, Thomas J. Keating Bioresearch Building, Tucson, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Westerfeld, Monte" sort="Westerfeld, Monte" uniqKey="Westerfeld M" first="Monte" last="Westerfeld">Monte Westerfeld</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff57"><addr-line>Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wharton, Robert A" sort="Wharton, Robert A" uniqKey="Wharton R" first="Robert A." last="Wharton">Robert A. Wharton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff58"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Texas</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wirkner, Christian S" sort="Wirkner, Christian S" uniqKey="Wirkner C" first="Christian S." last="Wirkner">Christian S. Wirkner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><addr-line>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Woolley, James B" sort="Woolley, James B" uniqKey="Woolley J" first="James B." last="Woolley">James B. Woolley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff58"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Texas</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yoder, Matthew J" sort="Yoder, Matthew J" uniqKey="Yoder M" first="Matthew J." last="Yoder">Matthew J. Yoder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff59"><addr-line>Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zorn, Aaron M" sort="Zorn, Aaron M" uniqKey="Zorn A" first="Aaron M." last="Zorn">Aaron M. Zorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><addr-line>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mabee, Paula" sort="Mabee, Paula" uniqKey="Mabee P" first="Paula" last="Mabee">Paula Mabee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
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<idno type="pmid">25562316</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4285398</idno>
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<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pbio.1002033</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
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<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000116</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000107</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Finding Our Way through Phenotypes</title>
<author><name sortKey="Deans, Andrew R" sort="Deans, Andrew R" uniqKey="Deans A" first="Andrew R." last="Deans">Andrew R. Deans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lewis, Suzanna E" sort="Lewis, Suzanna E" uniqKey="Lewis S" first="Suzanna E." last="Lewis">Suzanna E. Lewis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huala, Eva" sort="Huala, Eva" uniqKey="Huala E" first="Eva" last="Huala">Eva Huala</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Phoenix Bioinformatics, Palo Alto, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Phoenix Bioinformatics, Palo Alto, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anzaldo, Salvatore S" sort="Anzaldo, Salvatore S" uniqKey="Anzaldo S" first="Salvatore S." last="Anzaldo">Salvatore S. Anzaldo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ashburner, Michael" sort="Ashburner, Michael" uniqKey="Ashburner M" first="Michael" last="Ashburner">Michael Ashburner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balhoff, James P" sort="Balhoff, James P" uniqKey="Balhoff J" first="James P." last="Balhoff">James P. Balhoff</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blackburn, David C" sort="Blackburn, David C" uniqKey="Blackburn D" first="David C." last="Blackburn">David C. Blackburn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Anthropology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Anthropology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blake, Judith A" sort="Blake, Judith A" uniqKey="Blake J" first="Judith A." last="Blake">Judith A. Blake</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maine (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burleigh, J Gordon" sort="Burleigh, J Gordon" uniqKey="Burleigh J" first="J. Gordon" last="Burleigh">J. Gordon Burleigh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chanet, Bruno" sort="Chanet, Bruno" uniqKey="Chanet B" first="Bruno" last="Chanet">Bruno Chanet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cooper, Laurel D" sort="Cooper, Laurel D" uniqKey="Cooper L" first="Laurel D." last="Cooper">Laurel D. Cooper</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Courtot, Melanie" sort="Courtot, Melanie" uniqKey="Courtot M" first="Mélanie" last="Courtot">Mélanie Courtot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><addr-line>Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>British Columbia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Csosz, Sandor" sort="Csosz, Sandor" uniqKey="Csosz S" first="Sándor" last="Csösz">Sándor Csösz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><addr-line>MTA-ELTE-MTM, Ecology Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1C, Budapest, Hungary</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>MTA-ELTE-MTM, Ecology Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1C, Budapest</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cui, Hong" sort="Cui, Hong" uniqKey="Cui H" first="Hong" last="Cui">Hong Cui</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff15"><addr-line>School of Information Resources and Library Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Information Resources and Library Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dahdul, Wasila" sort="Dahdul, Wasila" uniqKey="Dahdul W" first="Wasila" last="Dahdul">Wasila Dahdul</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Das, Sandip" sort="Das, Sandip" uniqKey="Das S" first="Sandip" last="Das">Sandip Das</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff17"><addr-line>Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Delhi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dececchi, T Alexander" sort="Dececchi, T Alexander" uniqKey="Dececchi T" first="T. Alexander" last="Dececchi">T. Alexander Dececchi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dettai, Agnes" sort="Dettai, Agnes" uniqKey="Dettai A" first="Agnes" last="Dettai">Agnes Dettai</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Diogo, Rui" sort="Diogo, Rui" uniqKey="Diogo R" first="Rui" last="Diogo">Rui Diogo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff18"><addr-line>Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C.</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Washington (district de Columbia)</settlement>
<region type="state">District de Columbia</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Druzinsky, Robert E" sort="Druzinsky, Robert E" uniqKey="Druzinsky R" first="Robert E." last="Druzinsky">Robert E. Druzinsky</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff19"><addr-line>Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dumontier, Michel" sort="Dumontier, Michel" uniqKey="Dumontier M" first="Michel" last="Dumontier">Michel Dumontier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff20"><addr-line>Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Franz, Nico M" sort="Franz, Nico M" uniqKey="Franz N" first="Nico M." last="Franz">Nico M. Franz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Friedrich, Frank" sort="Friedrich, Frank" uniqKey="Friedrich F" first="Frank" last="Friedrich">Frank Friedrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff21"><addr-line>Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Hamburg University, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement>
<region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gkoutos, George V" sort="Gkoutos, George V" uniqKey="Gkoutos G" first="George V." last="Gkoutos">George V. Gkoutos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22"><addr-line>Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ceredigion</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haendel, Melissa" sort="Haendel, Melissa" uniqKey="Haendel M" first="Melissa" last="Haendel">Melissa Haendel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff23"><addr-line>Department of Medical Informatics & Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Informatics & Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
<settlement type="city">Portland</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Harmon, Luke J" sort="Harmon, Luke J" uniqKey="Harmon L" first="Luke J." last="Harmon">Luke J. Harmon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff24"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Idaho</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hayamizu, Terry F" sort="Hayamizu, Terry F" uniqKey="Hayamizu T" first="Terry F." last="Hayamizu">Terry F. Hayamizu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff25"><addr-line>Mouse Genome Informatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mouse Genome Informatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maine (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="He, Yongqun" sort="He, Yongqun" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yongqun" last="He">Yongqun He</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff26"><addr-line>Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hines, Heather M" sort="Hines, Heather M" uniqKey="Hines H" first="Heather M." last="Hines">Heather M. Hines</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ibrahim, Nizar" sort="Ibrahim, Nizar" uniqKey="Ibrahim N" first="Nizar" last="Ibrahim">Nizar Ibrahim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff27"><addr-line>Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jackson, Laura M" sort="Jackson, Laura M" uniqKey="Jackson L" first="Laura M." last="Jackson">Laura M. Jackson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jaiswal, Pankaj" sort="Jaiswal, Pankaj" uniqKey="Jaiswal P" first="Pankaj" last="Jaiswal">Pankaj Jaiswal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="James Zorn, Christina" sort="James Zorn, Christina" uniqKey="James Zorn C" first="Christina" last="James-Zorn">Christina James-Zorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><addr-line>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kohler, Sebastian" sort="Kohler, Sebastian" uniqKey="Kohler S" first="Sebastian" last="Köhler">Sebastian Köhler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff29"><addr-line>Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lecointre, Guillaume" sort="Lecointre, Guillaume" uniqKey="Lecointre G" first="Guillaume" last="Lecointre">Guillaume Lecointre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lapp, Hilmar" sort="Lapp, Hilmar" uniqKey="Lapp H" first="Hilmar" last="Lapp">Hilmar Lapp</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lawrence, Carolyn J" sort="Lawrence, Carolyn J" uniqKey="Lawrence C" first="Carolyn J." last="Lawrence">Carolyn J. Lawrence</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff30"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region>
<settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Le Novere, Nicolas" sort="Le Novere, Nicolas" uniqKey="Le Novere N" first="Nicolas" last="Le Novère">Nicolas Le Novère</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><addr-line>Signalling ISP, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, UK</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Signalling ISP, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridgeshire</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lundberg, John G" sort="Lundberg, John G" uniqKey="Lundberg J" first="John G." last="Lundberg">John G. Lundberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff32"><addr-line>Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Macklin, James" sort="Macklin, James" uniqKey="Macklin J" first="James" last="Macklin">James Macklin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff33"><addr-line>Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mast, Austin R" sort="Mast, Austin R" uniqKey="Mast A" first="Austin R." last="Mast">Austin R. Mast</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff34"><addr-line>Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Midford, Peter E" sort="Midford, Peter E" uniqKey="Midford P" first="Peter E." last="Midford">Peter E. Midford</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff35"><addr-line>Richmond, Virginia, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Richmond, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mik, Istvan" sort="Mik, Istvan" uniqKey="Mik I" first="István" last="Mik">István Mik</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mungall, Christopher J" sort="Mungall, Christopher J" uniqKey="Mungall C" first="Christopher J." last="Mungall">Christopher J. Mungall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oellrich, Anika" sort="Oellrich, Anika" uniqKey="Oellrich A" first="Anika" last="Oellrich">Anika Oellrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osumi Sutherland, David" sort="Osumi Sutherland, David" uniqKey="Osumi Sutherland D" first="David" last="Osumi-Sutherland">David Osumi-Sutherland</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parkinson, Helen" sort="Parkinson, Helen" uniqKey="Parkinson H" first="Helen" last="Parkinson">Helen Parkinson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hinxton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Martin J" sort="Ramirez, Martin J" uniqKey="Ramirez M" first="Martín J." last="Ramírez">Martín J. Ramírez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff37"><addr-line>Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales - CONICET, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Richter, Stefan" sort="Richter, Stefan" uniqKey="Richter S" first="Stefan" last="Richter">Stefan Richter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><addr-line>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robinson, Peter N" sort="Robinson, Peter N" uniqKey="Robinson P" first="Peter N." last="Robinson">Peter N. Robinson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff39"><addr-line>Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruttenberg, Alan" sort="Ruttenberg, Alan" uniqKey="Ruttenberg A" first="Alan" last="Ruttenberg">Alan Ruttenberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><addr-line>School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Buffalo (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de New York à Buffalo</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schulz, Katja S" sort="Schulz, Katja S" uniqKey="Schulz K" first="Katja S." last="Schulz">Katja S. Schulz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff41"><addr-line>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>D.C.</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Segerdell, Erik" sort="Segerdell, Erik" uniqKey="Segerdell E" first="Erik" last="Segerdell">Erik Segerdell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff42"><addr-line>Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
<settlement type="city">Portland</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seltmann, Katja C" sort="Seltmann, Katja C" uniqKey="Seltmann K" first="Katja C." last="Seltmann">Katja C. Seltmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff43"><addr-line>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharkey, Michael J" sort="Sharkey, Michael J" uniqKey="Sharkey M" first="Michael J." last="Sharkey">Michael J. Sharkey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff44"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Kentucky</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Aaron D" sort="Smith, Aaron D" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Aaron D." last="Smith">Aaron D. Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff45"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Barry" sort="Smith, Barry" uniqKey="Smith B" first="Barry" last="Smith">Barry Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff46"><addr-line>Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Buffalo (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de New York à Buffalo</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Specht, Chelsea D" sort="Specht, Chelsea D" uniqKey="Specht C" first="Chelsea D." last="Specht">Chelsea D. Specht</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff47"><addr-line>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Integrative Biology, and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Integrative Biology, and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Squires, R Burke" sort="Squires, R Burke" uniqKey="Squires R" first="R. Burke" last="Squires">R. Burke Squires</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff48"><addr-line>Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thacker, Robert W" sort="Thacker, Robert W" uniqKey="Thacker R" first="Robert W." last="Thacker">Robert W. Thacker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff49"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Alabama</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thessen, Anne" sort="Thessen, Anne" uniqKey="Thessen A" first="Anne" last="Thessen">Anne Thessen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff50"><addr-line>The Data Detektiv, 1412 Stearns Hill Road, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Data Detektiv, 1412 Stearns Hill Road, Waltham, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fernandez Triana, Jose" sort="Fernandez Triana, Jose" uniqKey="Fernandez Triana J" first="Jose" last="Fernandez-Triana">Jose Fernandez-Triana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff51"><addr-line>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vihinen, Mauno" sort="Vihinen, Mauno" uniqKey="Vihinen M" first="Mauno" last="Vihinen">Mauno Vihinen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff52"><addr-line>Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lund</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vize, Peter D" sort="Vize, Peter D" uniqKey="Vize P" first="Peter D." last="Vize">Peter D. Vize</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff53"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement>
<region type="state">Alberta</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogt, Lars" sort="Vogt, Lars" uniqKey="Vogt L" first="Lars" last="Vogt">Lars Vogt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff54"><addr-line>Universität Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie, Bonn, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Universität Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wall, Christine E" sort="Wall, Christine E" uniqKey="Wall C" first="Christine E." last="Wall">Christine E. Wall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff55"><addr-line>Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Walls, Ramona L" sort="Walls, Ramona L" uniqKey="Walls R" first="Ramona L." last="Walls">Ramona L. Walls</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff56"><addr-line>iPlant Collaborative University of Arizona, Thomas J. Keating Bioresearch Building, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>iPlant Collaborative University of Arizona, Thomas J. Keating Bioresearch Building, Tucson, Arizona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Westerfeld, Monte" sort="Westerfeld, Monte" uniqKey="Westerfeld M" first="Monte" last="Westerfeld">Monte Westerfeld</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff57"><addr-line>Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wharton, Robert A" sort="Wharton, Robert A" uniqKey="Wharton R" first="Robert A." last="Wharton">Robert A. Wharton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff58"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Texas</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wirkner, Christian S" sort="Wirkner, Christian S" uniqKey="Wirkner C" first="Christian S." last="Wirkner">Christian S. Wirkner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><addr-line>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Woolley, James B" sort="Woolley, James B" uniqKey="Woolley J" first="James B." last="Woolley">James B. Woolley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff58"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Texas</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yoder, Matthew J" sort="Yoder, Matthew J" uniqKey="Yoder M" first="Matthew J." last="Yoder">Matthew J. Yoder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff59"><addr-line>Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zorn, Aaron M" sort="Zorn, Aaron M" uniqKey="Zorn A" first="Aaron M." last="Zorn">Aaron M. Zorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><addr-line>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mabee, Paula" sort="Mabee, Paula" uniqKey="Mabee P" first="Paula" last="Mabee">Paula Mabee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Dakota du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS Biology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1544-9173</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1545-7885</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Imagine if we could compute across phenotype data as easily as genomic data; this article calls for efforts to realize this vision and discusses the potential benefits.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hasan, J" uniqKey="Hasan J">J Hasan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baulin, Va" uniqKey="Baulin V">VA Baulin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Webb, Hk" uniqKey="Webb H">HK Webb</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Truong, Vk" uniqKey="Truong V">VK Truong</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ma, Ky" uniqKey="Ma K">KY Ma</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chirarattananon, P" uniqKey="Chirarattananon P">P Chirarattananon</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wood, Rj" uniqKey="Wood R">RJ Wood</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS Biol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS Biol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosbiol</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS Biology</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">1544-9173</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1545-7885</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25562316</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4285398</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PBIOLOGY-D-14-02271</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pbio.1002033</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Perspective</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Computational Biology</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Developmental Biology</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Computer Applications</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Computer Modeling</subject>
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<subj-group><subject>Computing Systems</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Data Management</subject>
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<subj-group><subject>Information Technology</subject>
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<subj-group><subject>Library Science</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>Finding Our Way through Phenotypes</article-title>
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<given-names>Andrew R.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
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<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup>
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<given-names>Suzanna E.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
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<given-names>Eva</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup>
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<given-names>Salvatore S.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup>
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<given-names>Michael</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup>
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<given-names>James P.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup>
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<given-names>David C.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup>
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<given-names>Judith A.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>9</sup>
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<given-names>J. Gordon</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>10</sup>
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<given-names>Bruno</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>11</sup>
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<given-names>Laurel D.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>12</sup>
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<given-names>Mélanie</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>13</sup>
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<given-names>Sándor</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"><sup>14</sup>
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<given-names>Hong</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>15</sup>
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<given-names>Wasila</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>16</sup>
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<given-names>Sandip</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"><sup>17</sup>
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<given-names>T. Alexander</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>16</sup>
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<given-names>Agnes</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>11</sup>
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<given-names>Rui</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18"><sup>18</sup>
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<given-names>Robert E.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19"><sup>19</sup>
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<given-names>Michel</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20"><sup>20</sup>
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<given-names>Nico M.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup>
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<given-names>Frank</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21"><sup>21</sup>
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<given-names>George V.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22"><sup>22</sup>
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<given-names>Melissa</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23"><sup>23</sup>
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<given-names>Luke J.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff24"><sup>24</sup>
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<given-names>Terry F.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff25"><sup>25</sup>
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<given-names>Yongqun</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff26"><sup>26</sup>
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<given-names>Heather M.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
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<given-names>Nizar</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff27"><sup>27</sup>
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<given-names>Laura M.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>16</sup>
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<given-names>Pankaj</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>12</sup>
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<given-names>Christina</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff28"><sup>28</sup>
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<given-names>Sebastian</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff29"><sup>29</sup>
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<given-names>Guillaume</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>11</sup>
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<given-names>Hilmar</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup>
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<given-names>Carolyn J.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff30"><sup>30</sup>
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<given-names>Nicolas</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff31"><sup>31</sup>
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<given-names>John G.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff32"><sup>32</sup>
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<given-names>James</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff33"><sup>33</sup>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff34"><sup>34</sup>
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<given-names>Peter E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff35"><sup>35</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mikó</surname>
<given-names>István</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mungall</surname>
<given-names>Christopher J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oellrich</surname>
<given-names>Anika</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff36"><sup>36</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Osumi-Sutherland</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff36"><sup>36</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Parkinson</surname>
<given-names>Helen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff36"><sup>36</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ramírez</surname>
<given-names>Martín J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff37"><sup>37</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Richter</surname>
<given-names>Stefan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff38"><sup>38</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Robinson</surname>
<given-names>Peter N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff39"><sup>39</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ruttenberg</surname>
<given-names>Alan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff40"><sup>40</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schulz</surname>
<given-names>Katja S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff41"><sup>41</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Segerdell</surname>
<given-names>Erik</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff42"><sup>42</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Seltmann</surname>
<given-names>Katja C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff43"><sup>43</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sharkey</surname>
<given-names>Michael J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff44"><sup>44</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smith</surname>
<given-names>Aaron D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff45"><sup>45</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smith</surname>
<given-names>Barry</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff46"><sup>46</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Specht</surname>
<given-names>Chelsea D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff47"><sup>47</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Squires</surname>
<given-names>R. Burke</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff48"><sup>48</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thacker</surname>
<given-names>Robert W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff49"><sup>49</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thessen</surname>
<given-names>Anne</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff50"><sup>50</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fernandez-Triana</surname>
<given-names>Jose</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff51"><sup>51</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vihinen</surname>
<given-names>Mauno</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff52"><sup>52</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vize</surname>
<given-names>Peter D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff53"><sup>53</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vogt</surname>
<given-names>Lars</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff54"><sup>54</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wall</surname>
<given-names>Christine E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff55"><sup>55</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Walls</surname>
<given-names>Ramona L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff56"><sup>56</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Westerfeld</surname>
<given-names>Monte</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff57"><sup>57</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wharton</surname>
<given-names>Robert A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff58"><sup>58</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wirkner</surname>
<given-names>Christian S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff38"><sup>38</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Woolley</surname>
<given-names>James B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff58"><sup>58</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yoder</surname>
<given-names>Matthew J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff59"><sup>59</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zorn</surname>
<given-names>Aaron M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff28"><sup>28</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mabee</surname>
<given-names>Paula</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>16</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>
<addr-line>Genome Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><label>4</label>
<addr-line>Phoenix Bioinformatics, Palo Alto, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5"><label>5</label>
<addr-line>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6"><label>6</label>
<addr-line>Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7"><label>7</label>
<addr-line>National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8"><label>8</label>
<addr-line>Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Anthropology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9"><label>9</label>
<addr-line>The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10"><label>10</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11"><label>11</label>
<addr-line>Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12"><label>12</label>
<addr-line>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff13"><label>13</label>
<addr-line>Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff14"><label>14</label>
<addr-line>MTA-ELTE-MTM, Ecology Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1C, Budapest, Hungary</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff15"><label>15</label>
<addr-line>School of Information Resources and Library Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff16"><label>16</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff17"><label>17</label>
<addr-line>Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff18"><label>18</label>
<addr-line>Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff19"><label>19</label>
<addr-line>Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff20"><label>20</label>
<addr-line>Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff21"><label>21</label>
<addr-line>Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff22"><label>22</label>
<addr-line>Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff23"><label>23</label>
<addr-line>Department of Medical Informatics & Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff24"><label>24</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff25"><label>25</label>
<addr-line>Mouse Genome Informatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff26"><label>26</label>
<addr-line>Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff27"><label>27</label>
<addr-line>Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff28"><label>28</label>
<addr-line>Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff29"><label>29</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff30"><label>30</label>
<addr-line>Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff31"><label>31</label>
<addr-line>Signalling ISP, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff32"><label>32</label>
<addr-line>Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff33"><label>33</label>
<addr-line>Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff34"><label>34</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff35"><label>35</label>
<addr-line>Richmond, Virginia, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff36"><label>36</label>
<addr-line>European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff37"><label>37</label>
<addr-line>Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff38"><label>38</label>
<addr-line>Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, Rostock, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff39"><label>39</label>
<addr-line>Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff40"><label>40</label>
<addr-line>School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff41"><label>41</label>
<addr-line>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff42"><label>42</label>
<addr-line>Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff43"><label>43</label>
<addr-line>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff44"><label>44</label>
<addr-line>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff45"><label>45</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff46"><label>46</label>
<addr-line>Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff47"><label>47</label>
<addr-line>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Integrative Biology, and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff48"><label>48</label>
<addr-line>Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff49"><label>49</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff50"><label>50</label>
<addr-line>The Data Detektiv, 1412 Stearns Hill Road, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff51"><label>51</label>
<addr-line>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff52"><label>52</label>
<addr-line>Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff53"><label>53</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff54"><label>54</label>
<addr-line>Universität Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie, Bonn, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff55"><label>55</label>
<addr-line>Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff56"><label>56</label>
<addr-line>iPlant Collaborative University of Arizona, Thomas J. Keating Bioresearch Building, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff57"><label>57</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff58"><label>58</label>
<addr-line>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College, Station, Texas, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff59"><label>59</label>
<addr-line>Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>adeans@psu.edu</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>6</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>6</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>13</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<elocation-id>e1002033</elocation-id>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Deans et al</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Deans et al</copyright-holder>
<license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract abstract-type="toc"><p>Imagine if we could compute across phenotype data as easily as genomic data; this article calls for efforts to realize this vision and discusses the potential benefits.</p>
</abstract>
<abstract><p>Despite a large and multifaceted effort to understand the vast landscape of phenotypic data, their current form inhibits productive data analysis. The lack of a community-wide, consensus-based, human- and machine-interpretable language for describing phenotypes and their genomic and environmental contexts is perhaps the most pressing scientific bottleneck to integration across many key fields in biology, including genomics, systems biology, development, medicine, evolution, ecology, and systematics. Here we survey the current phenomics landscape, including data resources and handling, and the progress that has been made to accurately capture relevant data descriptions for phenotypes. We present an example of the kind of integration across domains that computable phenotypes would enable, and we call upon the broader biology community, publishers, and relevant funding agencies to support efforts to surmount today's data barriers and facilitate analytical reproducibility.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group><funding-statement>This effort was funded by the US National Science Foundation, grant number DEB-0956049. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<counts><page-count count="9"></page-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Argentine</li>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Hongrie</li>
<li>Inde</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>Suède</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Alabama</li>
<li>Alberta</li>
<li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Angleterre de l'Est</li>
<li>Arizona</li>
<li>Berlin</li>
<li>Californie</li>
<li>Caroline du Nord</li>
<li>Dakota du Sud</li>
<li>District de Cologne</li>
<li>District de Columbia</li>
<li>Floride</li>
<li>Hambourg</li>
<li>Hongrie centrale</li>
<li>Idaho</li>
<li>Illinois</li>
<li>Iowa</li>
<li>Kentucky</li>
<li>Maine (État)</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Massachusetts</li>
<li>Michigan</li>
<li>Ohio</li>
<li>Oregon</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li>
<li>Texas</li>
<li>Virginie</li>
<li>État de New York</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Ames (Iowa)</li>
<li>Berlin</li>
<li>Bonn</li>
<li>Budapest</li>
<li>Buffalo (New York)</li>
<li>Calgary</li>
<li>Cambridge</li>
<li>Hambourg</li>
<li>Paris</li>
<li>Portland</li>
<li>University Park (Pennsylvanie)</li>
<li>Washington (district de Columbia)</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université d'État de New York à Buffalo</li>
<li>Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Université d'État de l'Iowa</li>
<li>Université de Calgary</li>
<li>Université de Cambridge</li>
<li>Université des sciences et de la médecine de l'Oregon</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Deans, Andrew R" sort="Deans, Andrew R" uniqKey="Deans A" first="Andrew R." last="Deans">Andrew R. Deans</name>
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<name sortKey="Diogo, Rui" sort="Diogo, Rui" uniqKey="Diogo R" first="Rui" last="Diogo">Rui Diogo</name>
<name sortKey="Druzinsky, Robert E" sort="Druzinsky, Robert E" uniqKey="Druzinsky R" first="Robert E." last="Druzinsky">Robert E. Druzinsky</name>
<name sortKey="Dumontier, Michel" sort="Dumontier, Michel" uniqKey="Dumontier M" first="Michel" last="Dumontier">Michel Dumontier</name>
<name sortKey="Franz, Nico M" sort="Franz, Nico M" uniqKey="Franz N" first="Nico M." last="Franz">Nico M. Franz</name>
<name sortKey="Haendel, Melissa" sort="Haendel, Melissa" uniqKey="Haendel M" first="Melissa" last="Haendel">Melissa Haendel</name>
<name sortKey="Harmon, Luke J" sort="Harmon, Luke J" uniqKey="Harmon L" first="Luke J." last="Harmon">Luke J. Harmon</name>
<name sortKey="Hayamizu, Terry F" sort="Hayamizu, Terry F" uniqKey="Hayamizu T" first="Terry F." last="Hayamizu">Terry F. Hayamizu</name>
<name sortKey="He, Yongqun" sort="He, Yongqun" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yongqun" last="He">Yongqun He</name>
<name sortKey="Hines, Heather M" sort="Hines, Heather M" uniqKey="Hines H" first="Heather M." last="Hines">Heather M. Hines</name>
<name sortKey="Huala, Eva" sort="Huala, Eva" uniqKey="Huala E" first="Eva" last="Huala">Eva Huala</name>
<name sortKey="Huala, Eva" sort="Huala, Eva" uniqKey="Huala E" first="Eva" last="Huala">Eva Huala</name>
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