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Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist

Identifieur interne : 000394 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000393; suivant : 000395

Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist

Auteurs : Chi Chiu Cheang [Taïwan, Hong Kong] ; Ling Ming Tsang [Hong Kong] ; Ka Hou Chu [Hong Kong] ; I-Jiunn Cheng [Taïwan] ; Benny K. K. Chan [Taïwan]

Source :

RBID : PMC:3585910

Abstract

Turtle barnacles are common epibionts on marine organisms. Chelonibia testudinaria is specific on marine turtles whereas C. patula is a host generalist, but rarely found on turtles. It has been questioned why C. patula, being abundant on a variety of live substrata, is almost absent from turtles. We evaluated the genetic (mitochondrial COI, 16S and 12S rRNA, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)) and morphological differentiation of C. testudinaia and C. patula from different hosts, to determine the mode of adaptation exhibited by Chelonibia species on different hosts. The two taxa demonstrate clear differences in shell morphology and length of 4–6th cirri, but very similar in arthropodal characters. Moreover, we detected no genetic differentiation in mitochondrial DNA and AFLP analyses. Outlier detection infers insignificant selection across loci investigated. Based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we proposed that C. testudinaria and C. patula are conspecific, and the two morphs with contrasting shell morphologies and cirral length found on different host are predominantly shaped by developmental plasticity in response to environmental setting on different hosts. Chelonibia testudinaria is, thus, a successful general epibiotic fouler and the phenotypic responses postulated can increase the fitness of the animals when they attach on hosts with contrasting life-styles.


Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057592
PubMed: 23469208
PubMed Central: 3585910


Affiliations:


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PMC:3585910

Le document en format XML

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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle
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<name sortKey="Cheang, Chi Chiu" sort="Cheang, Chi Chiu" uniqKey="Cheang C" first="Chi Chiu" last="Cheang">Chi Chiu Cheang</name>
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<p>Turtle barnacles are common epibionts on marine organisms.
<italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is specific on marine turtles whereas
<italic>C. patula</italic>
is a host generalist, but rarely found on turtles. It has been questioned why
<italic>C. patula</italic>
, being abundant on a variety of live substrata, is almost absent from turtles. We evaluated the genetic (mitochondrial COI, 16S and 12S rRNA, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)) and morphological differentiation of
<italic>C. testudinaia</italic>
and
<italic>C. patula</italic>
from different hosts, to determine the mode of adaptation exhibited by
<italic>Chelonibia</italic>
species on different hosts. The two taxa demonstrate clear differences in shell morphology and length of 4–6
<sup>th</sup>
cirri, but very similar in arthropodal characters. Moreover, we detected no genetic differentiation in mitochondrial DNA and AFLP analyses. Outlier detection infers insignificant selection across loci investigated. Based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we proposed that
<italic>C. testudinaria</italic>
and
<italic>C. patula</italic>
are conspecific, and the two morphs with contrasting shell morphologies and cirral length found on different host are predominantly shaped by developmental plasticity in response to environmental setting on different hosts.
<italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is, thus, a successful general epibiotic fouler and the phenotypic responses postulated can increase the fitness of the animals when they attach on hosts with contrasting life-styles.</p>
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</TEI>
<affiliations>
<list>
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<li>Hong Kong</li>
<li>Taïwan</li>
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<li>Sha Tin</li>
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<li>Université chinoise de Hong Kong</li>
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<name sortKey="Cheng, I Jiunn" sort="Cheng, I Jiunn" uniqKey="Cheng I" first="I-Jiunn" last="Cheng">I-Jiunn Cheng</name>
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<name sortKey="Tsang, Ling Ming" sort="Tsang, Ling Ming" uniqKey="Tsang L" first="Ling Ming" last="Tsang">Ling Ming Tsang</name>
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</record>

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