Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures
Identifieur interne : 000405 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000404; suivant : 000406Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures
Auteurs : Saurin Sanghvi ; Deepa V. Cherla ; Pratik A. Shukla ; Jean Anderson EloySource :
- The Laryngoscope [ 0023-852X ] ; 2012-09.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Various professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and health care‐related Web sites provide Internet‐based patient education material (IPEMs) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.
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DOI: 10.1002/lary.23424
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ISTEX:5702350D37350B5688D586B5DBF0BE1CE3A8ED58Le document en format XML
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However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Saurin Sanghvi BS</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Deepa V. 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U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Deepa V.</forename><surname>Cherla</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">BS</roleName><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Pratik A.</forename><surname>Shukla</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">BS</roleName><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Jean Anderson</forename><surname>Eloy</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, FACS</roleName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Vice Chairman, Director of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, UMDNJ‐New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen St., Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103</p></note><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">The Laryngoscope</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">The Laryngoscope</title><idno type="pISSN">0023-852X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-4995</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-4995</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-09"></date><biblScope unit="volume">122</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1943">1943</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1948">1948</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">5702350D37350B5688D586B5DBF0BE1CE3A8ED58</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/lary.23424</idno><idno type="ArticleID">LARY23424</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Various professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and health care‐related Web sites provide Internet‐based patient education material (IPEMs) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Analysis of IPEMs on FFs available on Google.com.</p></abstract><abstract><p>The readability of 41 FF‐related IPEMs was assessed with four readability indices: Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (Gunning FOG). Averages were evaluated against national recommendations and between each source using analysis of variance and t tests.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Only 4.9% of IPEMs were written at or below the 6th‐grade reading level, based on FKGL. The mean readability scores were: FRES 54.10, FKGL 9.89, SMOG 12.73, and Gunning FOG 12.98, translating into FF‐related IPEMs being written at a “difficult” writing level, which is above the level of reading understanding of the average American adult.</p></abstract><abstract><p>IPEMs related to FFs are written above the recommended 6th‐grade reading level. Consequently, this information would be difficult to understand by the average US patient.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Readability</term></item><item><term>facial fractures</term></item><item><term>patient education material</term></item><item><term>Flesch‐Kincaid</term></item><item><term>Gobbledygook</term></item><item><term>Flesch Reading Ease Score</term></item><item><term>Internet‐based patient education material</term></item><item><term>maxillofacial trauma</term></item><item><term>health literacy</term></item><item><term>Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>General Otolaryngology</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2012-03-20">Received</change><change when="2012-04-18">Registration</change><change 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Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2012-03-20"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2012-04-15"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2012-04-18"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:3.1.6 mode:FullText" date="2012-08-23"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-07-25"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-08-23"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-07-25"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">1943</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">1948</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Vice Chairman, Director of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, UMDNJ‐New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen St., Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:LARY.LARY23424.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="5"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="3"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="51"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="5598"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures<link href="#fn1"></link></title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Assessment of Facial Fracture IPEMs</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Saurin</givenNames><familyName>Sanghvi</familyName><degrees>BS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Deepa V.</givenNames><familyName>Cherla</familyName><degrees>BS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2"><personName><givenNames>Pratik A.</givenNames><familyName>Shukla</familyName><degrees>BS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Jean Anderson</givenNames><familyName>Eloy</familyName><degrees>MD, FACS</degrees></personName><contactDetails><email>jean.anderson.eloy@gmail.com</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">Readability</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">facial fractures</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">patient education material</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">Flesch‐Kincaid</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">Gobbledygook</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">Flesch Reading Ease Score</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd7">Internet‐based patient education material</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd8">maxillofacial trauma</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd9">health literacy</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd10">Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><section xml:id="abs1-1"><title type="main">Objective/Hypothesis:</title><p>Various professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and health care‐related Web sites provide Internet‐based patient education material (IPEMs) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.</p></section><section xml:id="abs1-2"><title type="main">Study Design:</title><p>Analysis of IPEMs on FFs available on Google.com.</p></section><section xml:id="abs1-3"><title type="main">Methods:</title><p>The readability of 41 FF‐related IPEMs was assessed with four readability indices: Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (Gunning FOG). Averages were evaluated against national recommendations and between each source using analysis of variance and <i>t</i> tests.</p></section><section xml:id="abs1-4"><title type="main">Results:</title><p>Only 4.9% of IPEMs were written at or below the 6th‐grade reading level, based on FKGL. The mean readability scores were: FRES 54.10, FKGL 9.89, SMOG 12.73, and Gunning FOG 12.98, translating into FF‐related IPEMs being written at a “difficult” writing level, which is above the level of reading understanding of the average American adult.</p></section><section xml:id="abs1-5"><title type="main">Conclusions:</title><p>IPEMs related to FFs are written above the recommended 6th‐grade reading level. Consequently, this information would be difficult to understand by the average US patient.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p>The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Assessment of Facial Fracture IPEMs</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Saurin</namePart><namePart type="family">Sanghvi</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Deepa V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cherla</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pratik A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Shukla</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean Anderson</namePart><namePart type="family">Eloy</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, FACS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Vice Chairman, Director of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, UMDNJ‐New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen St., Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-09</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2012-03-20</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2012-04-18</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">5</extent><extent unit="tables">3</extent><extent unit="references">51</extent><extent unit="words">5598</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Various professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and health care‐related Web sites provide Internet‐based patient education material (IPEMs) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.</abstract><abstract>Analysis of IPEMs on FFs available on Google.com.</abstract><abstract>The readability of 41 FF‐related IPEMs was assessed with four readability indices: Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (Gunning FOG). Averages were evaluated against national recommendations and between each source using analysis of variance and t tests.</abstract><abstract>Only 4.9% of IPEMs were written at or below the 6th‐grade reading level, based on FKGL. The mean readability scores were: FRES 54.10, FKGL 9.89, SMOG 12.73, and Gunning FOG 12.98, translating into FF‐related IPEMs being written at a “difficult” writing level, which is above the level of reading understanding of the average American adult.</abstract><abstract>IPEMs related to FFs are written above the recommended 6th‐grade reading level. Consequently, this information would be difficult to understand by the average US patient.</abstract><note type="content">*The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.</note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Readability</topic><topic>facial fractures</topic><topic>patient education material</topic><topic>Flesch‐Kincaid</topic><topic>Gobbledygook</topic><topic>Flesch Reading Ease Score</topic><topic>Internet‐based patient education material</topic><topic>maxillofacial trauma</topic><topic>health literacy</topic><topic>Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>The Laryngoscope</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>The Laryngoscope</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>General Otolaryngology</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0023-852X</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-4995</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-4995</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">LARY</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>122</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>9</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1943</start><end>1948</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">5702350D37350B5688D586B5DBF0BE1CE3A8ED58</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/lary.23424</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">LARY23424</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 The American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society, Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><json:item><type>multicat</type><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5702350D37350B5688D586B5DBF0BE1CE3A8ED58/enrichments/multicat</uri></json:item></enrichments><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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