Beam-profile modulation of thulium laser radiation applied with multimode fibers and its effect on the threshold fluence to vaporize water.
Identifieur interne : 000591 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000590; suivant : 000592Beam-profile modulation of thulium laser radiation applied with multimode fibers and its effect on the threshold fluence to vaporize water.
Auteurs : R. Brinkmann ; C. HansenSource :
- Applied optics [ 0003-6935 ] ; 2000.
Abstract
The threshold fluences at which vaporization is initiated at the tip of a multimode fiber that is submerged in water were investigated when free-running and Q-switched thulium laser pulses (lambda = 2.01 microm) were applied with different pulse energies. We focused on the quantification of temporal and spatial fluence modulations of the beam profile at the tip of a 400-microm fiber. The spatial and the temporal fluence peaks over the average fluence were measured to as high as 1.5 and 4 in the Q-switched mode, respectively, and 2.5 and 40 in the free-running mode, respectively. The fluence peaks significantly influence the vaporization process. An increase in the threshold fluence with increasing pulse energy was found for the Q-switched mode, but there was a decrease for the free-running mode. Pressure transients of the order of 1 kbar and temperatures higher than 200 degrees C were calculated for a 30-mJ Q-switched laser pulse at the onset of vaporization. Collecting all the data allowed us to trace the thermodynamic path of rapid heating and vaporization in a phase diagram of water.
PubMed: 18349905
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Hansen</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2000">2000</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:18349905</idno><idno type="pmid">18349905</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000591</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000591</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Beam-profile modulation of thulium laser radiation applied with multimode fibers and its effect on the threshold fluence to vaporize water.</title><author><name sortKey="Brinkmann, R" sort="Brinkmann, R" uniqKey="Brinkmann R" first="R" last="Brinkmann">R. Brinkmann</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medical Laser Center Lübeck GmbH, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, D-23562 Lübeck, Germany. brinkmann@mll.mu-luebeck.de</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, C" sort="Hansen, C" uniqKey="Hansen C" first="C" last="Hansen">C. Hansen</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied optics</title><idno type="ISSN">0003-6935</idno><imprint><date when="2000" type="published">2000</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The threshold fluences at which vaporization is initiated at the tip of a multimode fiber that is submerged in water were investigated when free-running and Q-switched thulium laser pulses (lambda = 2.01 microm) were applied with different pulse energies. We focused on the quantification of temporal and spatial fluence modulations of the beam profile at the tip of a 400-microm fiber. The spatial and the temporal fluence peaks over the average fluence were measured to as high as 1.5 and 4 in the Q-switched mode, respectively, and 2.5 and 40 in the free-running mode, respectively. The fluence peaks significantly influence the vaporization process. An increase in the threshold fluence with increasing pulse energy was found for the Q-switched mode, but there was a decrease for the free-running mode. Pressure transients of the order of 1 kbar and temperatures higher than 200 degrees C were calculated for a 30-mJ Q-switched laser pulse at the onset of vaporization. Collecting all the data allowed us to trace the thermodynamic path of rapid heating and vaporization in a phase diagram of water.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">18349905</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2008</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2009</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0003-6935</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>39</Volume><Issue>19</Issue><PubDate><Year>2000</Year><Month>Jul</Month><Day>1</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Applied optics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Appl Opt</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Beam-profile modulation of thulium laser radiation applied with multimode fibers and its effect on the threshold fluence to vaporize water.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>3361-71</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>The threshold fluences at which vaporization is initiated at the tip of a multimode fiber that is submerged in water were investigated when free-running and Q-switched thulium laser pulses (lambda = 2.01 microm) were applied with different pulse energies. We focused on the quantification of temporal and spatial fluence modulations of the beam profile at the tip of a 400-microm fiber. The spatial and the temporal fluence peaks over the average fluence were measured to as high as 1.5 and 4 in the Q-switched mode, respectively, and 2.5 and 40 in the free-running mode, respectively. The fluence peaks significantly influence the vaporization process. An increase in the threshold fluence with increasing pulse energy was found for the Q-switched mode, but there was a decrease for the free-running mode. Pressure transients of the order of 1 kbar and temperatures higher than 200 degrees C were calculated for a 30-mJ Q-switched laser pulse at the onset of vaporization. Collecting all the data allowed us to trace the thermodynamic path of rapid heating and vaporization in a phase diagram of water.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brinkmann</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medical Laser Center Lübeck GmbH, Peter-Monnik-Weg 4, D-23562 Lübeck, Germany. brinkmann@mll.mu-luebeck.de</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hansen</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Appl Opt</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0247660</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0003-6935</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2008</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2008</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2008</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pii">62599</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18349905</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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