Mode-locked thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity.
Identifieur interne : 000302 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000301; suivant : 000303Mode-locked thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity.
Auteurs : D I M. Zen ; N. Saidin ; S S A. Damanhuri ; S W Harun ; H. Ahmad ; M A Ismail ; K. Dimyati ; A. Halder ; M C Paul ; S. Das ; M. Pal ; S K BhadraSource :
- Applied optics [ 1539-4522 ] ; 2013.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Bismuth, Graphite, Thulium.
- methods : Oscillometry, Spectrum Analysis, Raman.
- Absorption, Biosensing Techniques, Equipment Design, Lasers, Optical Fibers, Surface Properties, Time Factors.
Abstract
We demonstrate mode locking of a thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser (TBFL) operating at 1901.6 nm, using a graphene-based saturable absorber (SA). In this work, a single layer graphene is mechanically exfoliated using the scotch tape method and directly transferred onto the surface of a fiber pigtail to fabricate the SA. The obtained Raman spectrum characteristic indicates that the graphene on the core surface has a single layer. At 1552 nm pump power of 869 mW, the mode-locked TBFL self starts to generate an optical pulse train with a repetition rate of 16.7 MHz and pulse width of 0.37 ps. This is a simple, low-cost, stable, and convenient laser oscillator for applications where eye-safe and low-photon-energy light sources are required, such as sensing and biomedical diagnostics.
PubMed: 23434993
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Mode-locked thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity.</title><author><name sortKey="Zen, D I M" sort="Zen, D I M" uniqKey="Zen D" first="D I M" last="Zen">D I M. Zen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saidin, N" sort="Saidin, N" uniqKey="Saidin N" first="N" last="Saidin">N. Saidin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Damanhuri, S S A" sort="Damanhuri, S S A" uniqKey="Damanhuri S" first="S S A" last="Damanhuri">S S A. Damanhuri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harun, S W" sort="Harun, S W" uniqKey="Harun S" first="S W" last="Harun">S W Harun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmad, H" sort="Ahmad, H" uniqKey="Ahmad H" first="H" last="Ahmad">H. Ahmad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ismail, M A" sort="Ismail, M A" uniqKey="Ismail M" first="M A" last="Ismail">M A Ismail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dimyati, K" sort="Dimyati, K" uniqKey="Dimyati K" first="K" last="Dimyati">K. Dimyati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Halder, A" sort="Halder, A" uniqKey="Halder A" first="A" last="Halder">A. Halder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paul, M C" sort="Paul, M C" uniqKey="Paul M" first="M C" last="Paul">M C Paul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, S" sort="Das, S" uniqKey="Das S" first="S" last="Das">S. Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pal, M" sort="Pal, M" uniqKey="Pal M" first="M" last="Pal">M. Pal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhadra, S K" sort="Bhadra, S K" uniqKey="Bhadra S" first="S K" last="Bhadra">S K Bhadra</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:23434993</idno><idno type="pmid">23434993</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000302</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000302</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Mode-locked thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity.</title><author><name sortKey="Zen, D I M" sort="Zen, D I M" uniqKey="Zen D" first="D I M" last="Zen">D I M. Zen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saidin, N" sort="Saidin, N" uniqKey="Saidin N" first="N" last="Saidin">N. Saidin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Damanhuri, S S A" sort="Damanhuri, S S A" uniqKey="Damanhuri S" first="S S A" last="Damanhuri">S S A. Damanhuri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harun, S W" sort="Harun, S W" uniqKey="Harun S" first="S W" last="Harun">S W Harun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmad, H" sort="Ahmad, H" uniqKey="Ahmad H" first="H" last="Ahmad">H. Ahmad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ismail, M A" sort="Ismail, M A" uniqKey="Ismail M" first="M A" last="Ismail">M A Ismail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dimyati, K" sort="Dimyati, K" uniqKey="Dimyati K" first="K" last="Dimyati">K. Dimyati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Halder, A" sort="Halder, A" uniqKey="Halder A" first="A" last="Halder">A. Halder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paul, M C" sort="Paul, M C" uniqKey="Paul M" first="M C" last="Paul">M C Paul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, S" sort="Das, S" uniqKey="Das S" first="S" last="Das">S. Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pal, M" sort="Pal, M" uniqKey="Pal M" first="M" last="Pal">M. Pal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhadra, S K" sort="Bhadra, S K" uniqKey="Bhadra S" first="S K" last="Bhadra">S K Bhadra</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied optics</title><idno type="eISSN">1539-4522</idno><imprint><date when="2013" type="published">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Absorption</term><term>Biosensing Techniques</term><term>Bismuth (chemistry)</term><term>Equipment Design</term><term>Graphite (chemistry)</term><term>Lasers</term><term>Optical Fibers</term><term>Oscillometry (methods)</term><term>Spectrum Analysis, Raman (methods)</term><term>Surface Properties</term><term>Thulium (chemistry)</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Bismuth</term><term>Graphite</term><term>Thulium</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Oscillometry</term><term>Spectrum Analysis, Raman</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Absorption</term><term>Biosensing Techniques</term><term>Equipment Design</term><term>Lasers</term><term>Optical Fibers</term><term>Surface Properties</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We demonstrate mode locking of a thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser (TBFL) operating at 1901.6 nm, using a graphene-based saturable absorber (SA). In this work, a single layer graphene is mechanically exfoliated using the scotch tape method and directly transferred onto the surface of a fiber pigtail to fabricate the SA. The obtained Raman spectrum characteristic indicates that the graphene on the core surface has a single layer. At 1552 nm pump power of 869 mW, the mode-locked TBFL self starts to generate an optical pulse train with a repetition rate of 16.7 MHz and pulse width of 0.37 ps. This is a simple, low-cost, stable, and convenient laser oscillator for applications where eye-safe and low-photon-energy light sources are required, such as sensing and biomedical diagnostics.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">23434993</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2013</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2013</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2014</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>26</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1539-4522</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>52</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2013</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>20</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Applied optics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Appl Opt</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Mode-locked thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1226-9</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1364/AO.52.001226</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>We demonstrate mode locking of a thulium-bismuth codoped fiber laser (TBFL) operating at 1901.6 nm, using a graphene-based saturable absorber (SA). In this work, a single layer graphene is mechanically exfoliated using the scotch tape method and directly transferred onto the surface of a fiber pigtail to fabricate the SA. The obtained Raman spectrum characteristic indicates that the graphene on the core surface has a single layer. At 1552 nm pump power of 869 mW, the mode-locked TBFL self starts to generate an optical pulse train with a repetition rate of 16.7 MHz and pulse width of 0.37 ps. This is a simple, low-cost, stable, and convenient laser oscillator for applications where eye-safe and low-photon-energy light sources are required, such as sensing and biomedical diagnostics.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zen</LastName><ForeName>D I M</ForeName><Initials>DI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Saidin</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Damanhuri</LastName><ForeName>S S A</ForeName><Initials>SS</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Harun</LastName><ForeName>S W</ForeName><Initials>SW</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmad</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ismail</LastName><ForeName>M A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dimyati</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Halder</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paul</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Das</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pal</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bhadra</LastName><ForeName>S K</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Appl Opt</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0247660</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0003-6935</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7782-42-5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006108">Graphite</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>8RKC5ATI4P</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D013932">Thulium</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>U015TT5I8H</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001729">Bismuth</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Appl Opt. 2014 Feb 1;53(4):553-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24514170</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Appl Opt. 2014 Feb 1;53(4):555</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24514171</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D000042">Absorption</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="D015374">Biosensing Techniques</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D001729">Bismuth</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000737">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D004867">Equipment Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D006108">Graphite</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000737">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D007834">Lasers</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D055100">Optical Fibers</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D009991">Oscillometry</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D013059">Spectrum Analysis, Raman</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D013499">Surface Properties</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D013932">Thulium</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000737">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D013997">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2013</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2013</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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