Optimization of beam quality for photon-counting spectral computed tomography in head imaging: simulation study.
Identifieur interne : 000015 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000014; suivant : 000016Optimization of beam quality for photon-counting spectral computed tomography in head imaging: simulation study.
Auteurs : Han Chen ; Cheng Xu ; Mats Persson ; Mats DanielssonSource :
- Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) [ 2329-4302 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Head computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in the comprehensive evaluation of acute stroke. Photon-counting spectral detectors, as promising candidates for use in the next generation of x-ray CT systems, allow for assigning more weight to low-energy x-rays that generally contain more contrast information. Most importantly, the spectral information can be utilized to decompose the original set of energy-selective images into several basis function images that are inherently free of beam-hardening artifacts, a potential advantage for further improving the diagnosis accuracy. We are developing a photon-counting spectral detector for CT applications. The purpose of this work is to determine the optimal beam quality for material decomposition in two head imaging cases: nonenhanced imaging and K-edge imaging. A cylindrical brain tissue of 16-cm diameter, coated by a 6-mm-thick bone layer and 2-mm-thick skin layer, was used as a head phantom. The imaging target was a 5-mm-thick blood vessel centered in the head phantom. In K-edge imaging, two contrast agents, iodine and gadolinium, with the same concentration ([Formula: see text]) were studied. Three parameters that affect beam quality were evaluated: kVp settings (50 to 130 kVp), filter materials ([Formula: see text] to 83), and filter thicknesses [0 to 2 half-value layer (HVL)]. The image qualities resulting from the varying x-ray beams were compared in terms of two figures of merit (FOMs): squared signal-difference-to-noise ratio normalized by brain dose ([Formula: see text]) and that normalized by skin dose ([Formula: see text]). For nonenhanced imaging, the results show that the use of the 120-kVp spectrum filtered by 2 HVL copper ([Formula: see text]) provides the best performance in both FOMs. When iodine is used in K-edge imaging, the optimal filter is 2 HVL iodine ([Formula: see text]) and the optimal kVps are 60 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text] and 75 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text]. A tradeoff of 65 kVp was proposed to lower the potential risk of skin injuries if a relatively long exposure time is necessarily performed in the iodinated imaging. In the case of gadolinium imaging, both SD and BD can be minimized at 120 kVp filtered with 2 HVL thulium ([Formula: see text]). The results also indicate that with the same concentration and their respective optimal spectrum, the values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in gadolinium imaging are, respectively, around 3 and 10 times larger than those in iodine imaging. However, since gadolinium is used in much lower concentrations than iodine in the clinic, iodine may be a preferable candidate for K-edge imaging.
DOI: 10.1117/1.JMI.2.4.043504
PubMed: 26835495
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Optimization of beam quality for photon-counting spectral computed tomography in head imaging: simulation study.</title><author><name sortKey="Chen, Han" sort="Chen, Han" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Han" last="Chen">Han Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Cheng" sort="Xu, Cheng" uniqKey="Xu C" first="Cheng" last="Xu">Cheng Xu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Persson, Mats" sort="Persson, Mats" uniqKey="Persson M" first="Mats" last="Persson">Mats Persson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Danielsson, Mats" sort="Danielsson, Mats" uniqKey="Danielsson M" first="Mats" last="Danielsson">Mats Danielsson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="doi">10.1117/1.JMI.2.4.043504</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26835495</idno><idno type="pmid">26835495</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000015</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000015</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Optimization of beam quality for photon-counting spectral computed tomography in head imaging: simulation study.</title><author><name sortKey="Chen, Han" sort="Chen, Han" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Han" last="Chen">Han Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Cheng" sort="Xu, Cheng" uniqKey="Xu C" first="Cheng" last="Xu">Cheng Xu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Persson, Mats" sort="Persson, Mats" uniqKey="Persson M" first="Mats" last="Persson">Mats Persson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Danielsson, Mats" sort="Danielsson, Mats" uniqKey="Danielsson M" first="Mats" last="Danielsson">Mats Danielsson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)</title><idno type="ISSN">2329-4302</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Head computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in the comprehensive evaluation of acute stroke. Photon-counting spectral detectors, as promising candidates for use in the next generation of x-ray CT systems, allow for assigning more weight to low-energy x-rays that generally contain more contrast information. Most importantly, the spectral information can be utilized to decompose the original set of energy-selective images into several basis function images that are inherently free of beam-hardening artifacts, a potential advantage for further improving the diagnosis accuracy. We are developing a photon-counting spectral detector for CT applications. The purpose of this work is to determine the optimal beam quality for material decomposition in two head imaging cases: nonenhanced imaging and K-edge imaging. A cylindrical brain tissue of 16-cm diameter, coated by a 6-mm-thick bone layer and 2-mm-thick skin layer, was used as a head phantom. The imaging target was a 5-mm-thick blood vessel centered in the head phantom. In K-edge imaging, two contrast agents, iodine and gadolinium, with the same concentration ([Formula: see text]) were studied. Three parameters that affect beam quality were evaluated: kVp settings (50 to 130 kVp), filter materials ([Formula: see text] to 83), and filter thicknesses [0 to 2 half-value layer (HVL)]. The image qualities resulting from the varying x-ray beams were compared in terms of two figures of merit (FOMs): squared signal-difference-to-noise ratio normalized by brain dose ([Formula: see text]) and that normalized by skin dose ([Formula: see text]). For nonenhanced imaging, the results show that the use of the 120-kVp spectrum filtered by 2 HVL copper ([Formula: see text]) provides the best performance in both FOMs. When iodine is used in K-edge imaging, the optimal filter is 2 HVL iodine ([Formula: see text]) and the optimal kVps are 60 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text] and 75 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text]. A tradeoff of 65 kVp was proposed to lower the potential risk of skin injuries if a relatively long exposure time is necessarily performed in the iodinated imaging. In the case of gadolinium imaging, both SD and BD can be minimized at 120 kVp filtered with 2 HVL thulium ([Formula: see text]). The results also indicate that with the same concentration and their respective optimal spectrum, the values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in gadolinium imaging are, respectively, around 3 and 10 times larger than those in iodine imaging. However, since gadolinium is used in much lower concentrations than iodine in the clinic, iodine may be a preferable candidate for K-edge imaging.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">26835495</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>02</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>02</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2329-4302</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>2</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Oct</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Med Imaging (Bellingham)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Optimization of beam quality for photon-counting spectral computed tomography in head imaging: simulation study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>043504</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1117/1.JMI.2.4.043504</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Head computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in the comprehensive evaluation of acute stroke. Photon-counting spectral detectors, as promising candidates for use in the next generation of x-ray CT systems, allow for assigning more weight to low-energy x-rays that generally contain more contrast information. Most importantly, the spectral information can be utilized to decompose the original set of energy-selective images into several basis function images that are inherently free of beam-hardening artifacts, a potential advantage for further improving the diagnosis accuracy. We are developing a photon-counting spectral detector for CT applications. The purpose of this work is to determine the optimal beam quality for material decomposition in two head imaging cases: nonenhanced imaging and K-edge imaging. A cylindrical brain tissue of 16-cm diameter, coated by a 6-mm-thick bone layer and 2-mm-thick skin layer, was used as a head phantom. The imaging target was a 5-mm-thick blood vessel centered in the head phantom. In K-edge imaging, two contrast agents, iodine and gadolinium, with the same concentration ([Formula: see text]) were studied. Three parameters that affect beam quality were evaluated: kVp settings (50 to 130 kVp), filter materials ([Formula: see text] to 83), and filter thicknesses [0 to 2 half-value layer (HVL)]. The image qualities resulting from the varying x-ray beams were compared in terms of two figures of merit (FOMs): squared signal-difference-to-noise ratio normalized by brain dose ([Formula: see text]) and that normalized by skin dose ([Formula: see text]). For nonenhanced imaging, the results show that the use of the 120-kVp spectrum filtered by 2 HVL copper ([Formula: see text]) provides the best performance in both FOMs. When iodine is used in K-edge imaging, the optimal filter is 2 HVL iodine ([Formula: see text]) and the optimal kVps are 60 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text] and 75 kVp in terms of [Formula: see text]. A tradeoff of 65 kVp was proposed to lower the potential risk of skin injuries if a relatively long exposure time is necessarily performed in the iodinated imaging. In the case of gadolinium imaging, both SD and BD can be minimized at 120 kVp filtered with 2 HVL thulium ([Formula: see text]). The results also indicate that with the same concentration and their respective optimal spectrum, the values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in gadolinium imaging are, respectively, around 3 and 10 times larger than those in iodine imaging. However, since gadolinium is used in much lower concentrations than iodine in the clinic, iodine may be a preferable candidate for K-edge imaging.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Han</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Cheng</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Persson</LastName><ForeName>Mats</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Danielsson</LastName><ForeName>Mats</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Department of Physics, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Med Imaging (Bellingham)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101643461</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2329-4302</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4718445 [Available on 11/06/16]</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">K-edge imaging</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">material decomposition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">photon counting</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">spectral computed tomography</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="epublish"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>6</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1117/1.JMI.2.4.043504</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">15107RR</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26835495</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4718445</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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