Bipolar plasma vaporization versus monopolar TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in secondary bladder neck sclerosis – An evidence based, retrospective critical comparison in a single center clinical setting
Identifieur interne : 000370 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000369; suivant : 000371Bipolar plasma vaporization versus monopolar TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in secondary bladder neck sclerosis – An evidence based, retrospective critical comparison in a single center clinical setting
Auteurs : C. Moldoveanu ; B. Geavlete ; M. Jecu ; F. Stanescu ; L. Adou ; C. Bulai ; C. Ene ; P. GeavleteSource :
- Journal of Medicine and Life [ 1844-122X ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Introduction: A long term, retrospective study was performed aiming to outline a critical comparison concerning the efficacy, safety and durability of the bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV), standard monopolar transurethral resection (TUR) and “cold-knife" “star" transurethral incision (TUI) in secondary bladder neck sclerosis (BNS) cases.
Materials & Methods: Of the 126 patients included in the trial based on maximum flow rate (Qmax) below 10 mL/s and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) over 19, classical resection was performed in 46 cases, “cold-knife" TUI in 37 cases and bipolar vaporization in 43 patients. The evaluation protocol comprised IPSS, QoL (quality of life) score, Qmax and PVR (post-voiding residual urinary volume) assessment performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after the initial intervention.
Results: Significant intraoperative complications (capsular perforation – 8.7%; bleeding – 4.3%) occurred secondary to monopolar resection. “Star" TUI was the fastest technique, followed by plasma-button vaporization (7.2 and 11.4 versus 16.5 minutes). BPV and TUI patients benefitted from the shortest catheterization periods (0.75 and 1 versus 2.0 days) and hospital stays (1.0 and 1.25 versus 2.0 days). Immediate postoperative adverse events consisted of hematuria (6.5% of the TUR cases) and acute urinary retention (8.1% of the TUI group). Significantly higher long term BNS recurrence rates requiring re-treatment were established in the TUI (18.7%) and TUR (12.8%) series by comparison to BPV (5.4%). Among patients that completed the follow-up protocol, equivalent IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR features were determined in the 3 study arms.
Conclusions: The plasma vaporization approach was confirmed as a successful match to conventional TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in terms of surgical safety profile, postoperative recovery, therapeutic durability and urodynamic and symptom score parameters.
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PubMed: 24653766
PubMed Central: 3956105
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C. Moldoveanu<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Bipolar plasma vaporization versus monopolar TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in secondary bladder neck sclerosis – An evidence based, retrospective critical comparison in a single center clinical setting</title><author><name sortKey="Moldoveanu, C" sort="Moldoveanu, C" uniqKey="Moldoveanu C" first="C" last="Moldoveanu">C. Moldoveanu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, B" sort="Geavlete, B" uniqKey="Geavlete B" first="B" last="Geavlete">B. Geavlete</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jecu, M" sort="Jecu, M" uniqKey="Jecu M" first="M" last="Jecu">M. Jecu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanescu, F" sort="Stanescu, F" uniqKey="Stanescu F" first="F" last="Stanescu">F. Stanescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adou, L" sort="Adou, L" uniqKey="Adou L" first="L" last="Adou">L. Adou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bulai, C" sort="Bulai, C" uniqKey="Bulai C" first="C" last="Bulai">C. Bulai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ene, C" sort="Ene, C" uniqKey="Ene C" first="C" last="Ene">C. Ene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, P" sort="Geavlete, P" uniqKey="Geavlete P" first="P" last="Geavlete">P. Geavlete</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24653766</idno><idno type="pmc">3956105</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956105</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3956105</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000370</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000370</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000370</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000370</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Bipolar plasma vaporization versus monopolar TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in secondary bladder neck sclerosis – An evidence based, retrospective critical comparison in a single center clinical setting</title><author><name sortKey="Moldoveanu, C" sort="Moldoveanu, C" uniqKey="Moldoveanu C" first="C" last="Moldoveanu">C. Moldoveanu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, B" sort="Geavlete, B" uniqKey="Geavlete B" first="B" last="Geavlete">B. Geavlete</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jecu, M" sort="Jecu, M" uniqKey="Jecu M" first="M" last="Jecu">M. Jecu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanescu, F" sort="Stanescu, F" uniqKey="Stanescu F" first="F" last="Stanescu">F. Stanescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adou, L" sort="Adou, L" uniqKey="Adou L" first="L" last="Adou">L. Adou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bulai, C" sort="Bulai, C" uniqKey="Bulai C" first="C" last="Bulai">C. Bulai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ene, C" sort="Ene, C" uniqKey="Ene C" first="C" last="Ene">C. Ene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, P" sort="Geavlete, P" uniqKey="Geavlete P" first="P" last="Geavlete">P. Geavlete</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Department of Urology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Medicine and Life</title><idno type="ISSN">1844-122X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1844-3117</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: A long term, retrospective study was performed aiming to outline a critical comparison concerning the efficacy, safety and durability of the bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV), standard monopolar transurethral resection (TUR) and “cold-knife" “star" transurethral incision (TUI) in secondary bladder neck sclerosis (BNS) cases. </p><p> Materials & Methods: Of the 126 patients included in the trial based on maximum flow rate (Qmax) below 10 mL/s and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) over 19, classical resection was performed in 46 cases, “cold-knife" TUI in 37 cases and bipolar vaporization in 43 patients. The evaluation protocol comprised IPSS, QoL (quality of life) score, Qmax and PVR (post-voiding residual urinary volume) assessment performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after the initial intervention. </p><p> Results: Significant intraoperative complications (capsular perforation – 8.7%; bleeding – 4.3%) occurred secondary to monopolar resection. “Star" TUI was the fastest technique, followed by plasma-button vaporization (7.2 and 11.4 versus 16.5 minutes). BPV and TUI patients benefitted from the shortest catheterization periods (0.75 and 1 versus 2.0 days) and hospital stays (1.0 and 1.25 versus 2.0 days). Immediate postoperative adverse events consisted of hematuria (6.5% of the TUR cases) and acute urinary retention (8.1% of the TUI group). Significantly higher long term BNS recurrence rates requiring re-treatment were established in the TUI (18.7%) and TUR (12.8%) series by comparison to BPV (5.4%). Among patients that completed the follow-up protocol, equivalent IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR features were determined in the 3 study arms. </p><p> Conclusions: The plasma vaporization approach was confirmed as a successful match to conventional TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in terms of surgical safety profile, postoperative recovery, therapeutic durability and urodynamic and symptom score parameters.
</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Yh" uniqKey="Lee Y">YH Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, A" uniqKey="Chiu A">A Chiu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Naspro, R" uniqKey="Naspro R">R Naspro </name></author><author><name sortKey="Suardi, N" uniqKey="Suardi N">N Suardi </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heidenreich, A" uniqKey="Heidenreich A">A Heidenreich </name></author><author><name sortKey="Bastian, P J" uniqKey="Bastian P">P.J Bastian </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moudouni, Sm" uniqKey="Moudouni S">SM Moudouni </name></author><author><name sortKey="Nouri, M" uniqKey="Nouri M">M Nouri </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Giannarini, G" uniqKey="Giannarini G">G Giannarini </name></author><author><name sortKey="Manassero, F" uniqKey="Manassero F">F Manassero </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sikafi, Z" uniqKey="Sikafi Z">Z Sikafi </name></author><author><name sortKey="Butler, Mr" uniqKey="Butler M">MR Butler </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lagerveld, Bw" uniqKey="Lagerveld B">BW Lagerveld </name></author><author><name sortKey="Laguna, Mp" uniqKey="Laguna M">MP Laguna </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sataa, S" uniqKey="Sataa S">S Sataa </name></author><author><name sortKey="Yassine, N" uniqKey="Yassine N">N Yassine </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="G Mez Veiga, F" uniqKey="G Mez Veiga F">F Gómez Veiga </name></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Martin, M" uniqKey="Gonzalez Martin M">M González Martín </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, B" uniqKey="Geavlete B">B Geavlete </name></author><author><name sortKey="Multescu, R" uniqKey="Multescu R">R Multescu </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geavlete, B" uniqKey="Geavlete B">B Geavlete </name></author><author><name sortKey="St Nescu, F" uniqKey="St Nescu F">F Stănescu </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yanagisawa, R" uniqKey="Yanagisawa R">R Yanagisawa </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Surya, Bv" uniqKey="Surya B">BV Surya </name></author><author><name sortKey="Provet, J" uniqKey="Provet J">J Provet </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vanni, Aj" uniqKey="Vanni A">AJ Vanni </name></author><author><name sortKey="Zinman, Ln" uniqKey="Zinman L">LN Zinman </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ouzaid, I" uniqKey="Ouzaid I">I Ouzaid </name></author><author><name sortKey="Lebeau, T" uniqKey="Lebeau T">T Lebeau </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Perez Arbej, Ja" uniqKey="Perez Arbej J">JA Pérez Arbej </name></author><author><name sortKey="Cameo Rico, Mi" uniqKey="Cameo Rico M">MI Cameo Rico </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Popken, G" uniqKey="Popken G">G Popken </name></author><author><name sortKey="Sommerkamp, H" uniqKey="Sommerkamp H">H Sommerkamp </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jocius, Kk" uniqKey="Jocius K">KK Jocius </name></author><author><name sortKey="Sukys, D" uniqKey="Sukys D">D Sukys </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Singary, W" uniqKey="Al Singary W">W Al-Singary </name></author><author><name sortKey="Arya, M" uniqKey="Arya M">M Arya </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Herrando, C" uniqKey="Herrando C">C Herrando </name></author><author><name sortKey="Batista, Je" uniqKey="Batista J">JE Batista </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bader, Mj" uniqKey="Bader M">MJ Bader </name></author><author><name sortKey="Tilki, D" uniqKey="Tilki D">D Tilki </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lagerveld, Bw" uniqKey="Lagerveld B">BW Lagerveld </name></author><author><name sortKey="Laguna, Mp" uniqKey="Laguna M">MP Laguna </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Basok, Ek" uniqKey="Basok E">EK Basok </name></author><author><name sortKey="Basaran, A" uniqKey="Basaran A">A Basaran </name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bach, T" uniqKey="Bach T">T Bach </name></author><author><name sortKey="Herrmann, Tr" uniqKey="Herrmann T">TR Herrmann </name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Med Life</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Med Life</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JMedLife</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Medicine and Life</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1844-122X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1844-3117</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Carol Davila University Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Romania</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24653766</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3956105</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JMedLife-07-94</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Special Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Bipolar plasma vaporization versus monopolar TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in secondary bladder neck sclerosis – An evidence based, retrospective critical comparison in a single center clinical setting</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moldoveanu</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Geavlete</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jecu</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stanescu</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Adou</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bulai</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ene</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Geavlete</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label></label>"Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Urology</aff><author-notes><corresp><bold>Correspondence to:</bold>Moldoveanu C, MD,
“Saint John" Emergency Clinical Hospital,
Department of Urology, Vitan Barzesti Street No. 13, Sector 4, 042122, Bucharest, Romania;
Phone/fax: 021.334.50.00; E-mail: moldoveanucristian2003@yahoo.com
</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>15</day><month>3</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>3</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>25</day><month>9</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>06</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>©Carol Davila University Press
</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/"><license-p>This is
an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work
is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Introduction: A long term, retrospective study was performed aiming to outline a critical comparison concerning the efficacy, safety and durability of the bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV), standard monopolar transurethral resection (TUR) and “cold-knife" “star" transurethral incision (TUI) in secondary bladder neck sclerosis (BNS) cases. </p><p> Materials & Methods: Of the 126 patients included in the trial based on maximum flow rate (Qmax) below 10 mL/s and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) over 19, classical resection was performed in 46 cases, “cold-knife" TUI in 37 cases and bipolar vaporization in 43 patients. The evaluation protocol comprised IPSS, QoL (quality of life) score, Qmax and PVR (post-voiding residual urinary volume) assessment performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after the initial intervention. </p><p> Results: Significant intraoperative complications (capsular perforation – 8.7%; bleeding – 4.3%) occurred secondary to monopolar resection. “Star" TUI was the fastest technique, followed by plasma-button vaporization (7.2 and 11.4 versus 16.5 minutes). BPV and TUI patients benefitted from the shortest catheterization periods (0.75 and 1 versus 2.0 days) and hospital stays (1.0 and 1.25 versus 2.0 days). Immediate postoperative adverse events consisted of hematuria (6.5% of the TUR cases) and acute urinary retention (8.1% of the TUI group). Significantly higher long term BNS recurrence rates requiring re-treatment were established in the TUI (18.7%) and TUR (12.8%) series by comparison to BPV (5.4%). Among patients that completed the follow-up protocol, equivalent IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR features were determined in the 3 study arms. </p><p> Conclusions: The plasma vaporization approach was confirmed as a successful match to conventional TUR and “cold-knife" TUI in terms of surgical safety profile, postoperative recovery, therapeutic durability and urodynamic and symptom score parameters.
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>bipolar plasma vaporization</kwd><kwd>monopolar transurethral resection</kwd><kwd>“cold-knife" transurethral incision</kwd><kwd>secondary bladder neck sclerosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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