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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Morphologically controlled synthesis of colloidal upconversion nanophosphors and their shape-directed self-assembly</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ye, Xingchen" sort="Ye, Xingchen" uniqKey="Ye X" first="Xingchen" last="Ye">Xingchen Ye</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Collins, Joshua E" sort="Collins, Joshua E" uniqKey="Collins J" first="Joshua E." last="Collins">Joshua E. Collins</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Intelligent Material Solutions, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08540;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kang, Yijin" sort="Kang, Yijin" uniqKey="Kang Y" first="Yijin" last="Kang">Yijin Kang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Jun" sort="Chen, Jun" uniqKey="Chen J" first="Jun" last="Chen">Jun Chen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff3">Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Daniel T N" sort="Chen, Daniel T N" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Daniel T. N." last="Chen">Daniel T. N. Chen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yodh, Arjun G" sort="Yodh, Arjun G" uniqKey="Yodh A" first="Arjun G." last="Yodh">Arjun G. Yodh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Murray, Christopher B" sort="Murray, Christopher B" uniqKey="Murray C" first="Christopher B." last="Murray">Christopher B. Murray</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff3">Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">21148771</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3012508</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3012508</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3012508</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1008958107</idno>
<date when="2010">2010</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000290</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000290</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Morphologically controlled synthesis of colloidal upconversion nanophosphors and their shape-directed self-assembly</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ye, Xingchen" sort="Ye, Xingchen" uniqKey="Ye X" first="Xingchen" last="Ye">Xingchen Ye</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Collins, Joshua E" sort="Collins, Joshua E" uniqKey="Collins J" first="Joshua E." last="Collins">Joshua E. Collins</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Intelligent Material Solutions, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08540;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kang, Yijin" sort="Kang, Yijin" uniqKey="Kang Y" first="Yijin" last="Kang">Yijin Kang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Jun" sort="Chen, Jun" uniqKey="Chen J" first="Jun" last="Chen">Jun Chen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff3">Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Daniel T N" sort="Chen, Daniel T N" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Daniel T. N." last="Chen">Daniel T. N. Chen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yodh, Arjun G" sort="Yodh, Arjun G" uniqKey="Yodh A" first="Arjun G." last="Yodh">Arjun G. Yodh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Murray, Christopher B" sort="Murray, Christopher B" uniqKey="Murray C" first="Christopher B." last="Murray">Christopher B. Murray</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff3">Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno>
<imprint><date when="2010">2010</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We report a one-pot chemical approach for the synthesis of highly monodisperse colloidal nanophosphors displaying bright upconversion luminescence under 980 nm excitation. This general method optimizes the synthesis with initial heating rates up to 100 °C/minute generating a rich family of nanoscale building blocks with distinct morphologies (spheres, rods, hexagonal prisms, and plates) and upconversion emission tunable through the choice of rare earth dopants. Furthermore, we employ an interfacial assembly strategy to organize these nanocrystals (NCs) into superlattices over multiple length scales facilitating the NC characterization and enabling systematic studies of shape-directed assembly. The global and local ordering of these superstructures is programmed by the precise engineering of individual NC’s size and shape. This dramatically improved nanophosphor synthesis together with insights from shape-directed assembly will advance the investigation of an array of emerging biological and energy-related nanophosphor applications.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21148771</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3012508</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201008958</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1008958107</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Physical Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Chemistry</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Morphologically controlled synthesis of colloidal upconversion nanophosphors and their shape-directed self-assembly</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ye</surname>
<given-names>Xingchen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Collins</surname>
<given-names>Joshua E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kang</surname>
<given-names>Yijin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Jun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Daniel T. N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yodh</surname>
<given-names>Arjun G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>Christopher B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>
Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>
Intelligent Material Solutions, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08540;</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>cbmurray@sas.upenn.edu</email>
.</corresp>
<fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Louis E. Brus, Columbia University, New York, NY, and approved October 25, 2010 (received for review June 27, 2010)</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="participating-researchers"><p>Author contributions: X.Y., J.E.C., and C.B.M. designed research; X.Y., J.E.C., Y.K., J.C., and D.T.N.C. performed research; A.G.Y. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; X.Y. analyzed data; and X.Y. and C.B.M. wrote the paper.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>28</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>107</volume>
<issue>52</issue>
<fpage>22430</fpage>
<lpage>22435</lpage>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.1008958107.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>We report a one-pot chemical approach for the synthesis of highly monodisperse colloidal nanophosphors displaying bright upconversion luminescence under 980 nm excitation. This general method optimizes the synthesis with initial heating rates up to 100 °C/minute generating a rich family of nanoscale building blocks with distinct morphologies (spheres, rods, hexagonal prisms, and plates) and upconversion emission tunable through the choice of rare earth dopants. Furthermore, we employ an interfacial assembly strategy to organize these nanocrystals (NCs) into superlattices over multiple length scales facilitating the NC characterization and enabling systematic studies of shape-directed assembly. The global and local ordering of these superstructures is programmed by the precise engineering of individual NC’s size and shape. This dramatically improved nanophosphor synthesis together with insights from shape-directed assembly will advance the investigation of an array of emerging biological and energy-related nanophosphor applications.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>doped nanocrystals</kwd>
<kwd>superlattice</kwd>
<kwd>lanthanides</kwd>
<kwd>luminescence</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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