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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex</title>
<author><name sortKey="Baumg Rtner, Ulf" sort="Baumg Rtner, Ulf" uniqKey="Baumg Rtner U" first="Ulf" last="Baumg Rtner">Ulf Baumg Rtner</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="aff1">Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, Hagen" sort="Vogel, Hagen" uniqKey="Vogel H" first="Hagen" last="Vogel">Hagen Vogel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff2">Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohara, Shinji" sort="Ohara, Shinji" uniqKey="Ohara S" first="Shinji" last="Ohara">Shinji Ohara</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Treede, Rolf Detlef" sort="Treede, Rolf Detlef" uniqKey="Treede R" first="Rolf-Detlef" last="Treede">Rolf-Detlef Treede</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="aff1">Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lenz, Fred" sort="Lenz, Fred" uniqKey="Lenz F" first="Fred" last="Lenz">Fred Lenz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">21593389</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3154813</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3154813</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3154813</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1152/jn.00135.2011</idno>
<date when="2011">2011</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000279</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex</title>
<author><name sortKey="Baumg Rtner, Ulf" sort="Baumg Rtner, Ulf" uniqKey="Baumg Rtner U" first="Ulf" last="Baumg Rtner">Ulf Baumg Rtner</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="aff1">Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, Hagen" sort="Vogel, Hagen" uniqKey="Vogel H" first="Hagen" last="Vogel">Hagen Vogel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff2">Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohara, Shinji" sort="Ohara, Shinji" uniqKey="Ohara S" first="Shinji" last="Ohara">Shinji Ohara</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Treede, Rolf Detlef" sort="Treede, Rolf Detlef" uniqKey="Treede R" first="Rolf-Detlef" last="Treede">Rolf-Detlef Treede</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="aff1">Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lenz, Fred" sort="Lenz, Fred" uniqKey="Lenz F" first="Fred" last="Lenz">Fred Lenz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Neurophysiology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-3077</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1522-1598</idno>
<imprint><date when="2011">2011</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The cortical potentials evoked by cutaneous application of a laser stimulus (laser evoked potentials, LEP) often include potentials in the primary somatic sensory cortex (S1), which may be located within the subdivisions of S1 including Brodmann areas 3A, 3B, 1, and 2. The precise location of the LEP generator may clarify the pattern of activation of human S1 by painful stimuli. We now test the hypothesis that the generators of the LEP are located in human Brodmann area 1 or 3A within S1. Local field potential (LFP) source analysis of the LEP was obtained from subdural grids over sensorimotor cortex in two patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. The relationship of LEP dipoles was compared with dipoles for somatic sensory potentials evoked by median nerve stimulation (SEP) and recorded in area 3B (see Baumgärtner U, Vogel H, Ohara S, Treede RD, Lenz FA. <italic>J Neurophysiol</italic>
104: 3029–3041, 2010). Both patients had an early radial dipole in S1. The LEP dipole was located medial, anterior, and deep to the SEP dipole, which suggests a nociceptive dipole in area 3A. One patient had a later tangential dipole with positivity posterior, which is opposite to the orientation of the SEP dipole in area 3B. The reversal of orientations between modalities is consistent with the cortical surface negative orientation resulting from superficial termination of thalamocortical neurons that receive inputs from the spinothalamic tract. Therefore, the present results suggest that the LEP may result in a radial dipole consistent with a generator in area 3A and a putative later tangential generator in area 3B.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Neurophysiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jn</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">jn</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JN</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Neurophysiology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0022-3077</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1522-1598</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Physiological Society</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Bethesda, MD</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21593389</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3154813</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JN-00135-2011</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1152/jn.00135.2011</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baumgärtner</surname>
<given-names>Ulf</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vogel</surname>
<given-names>Hagen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ohara</surname>
<given-names>Shinji</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Treede</surname>
<given-names>Rolf-Detlef</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Lenz</surname>
<given-names>Fred</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim and</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany; and</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp>Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: F. Lenz, <addr-line>Dept. of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hosp., Meyer Bldg. 8-181, 600 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287-7713</addr-line>
(e-mail: <email>flenz1@jhmi.edu</email>
).</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 12 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>106</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>722</fpage>
<lpage>730</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011 the American Physiological Society</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="z9k00811000722.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>The cortical potentials evoked by cutaneous application of a laser stimulus (laser evoked potentials, LEP) often include potentials in the primary somatic sensory cortex (S1), which may be located within the subdivisions of S1 including Brodmann areas 3A, 3B, 1, and 2. The precise location of the LEP generator may clarify the pattern of activation of human S1 by painful stimuli. We now test the hypothesis that the generators of the LEP are located in human Brodmann area 1 or 3A within S1. Local field potential (LFP) source analysis of the LEP was obtained from subdural grids over sensorimotor cortex in two patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. The relationship of LEP dipoles was compared with dipoles for somatic sensory potentials evoked by median nerve stimulation (SEP) and recorded in area 3B (see Baumgärtner U, Vogel H, Ohara S, Treede RD, Lenz FA. <italic>J Neurophysiol</italic>
104: 3029–3041, 2010). Both patients had an early radial dipole in S1. The LEP dipole was located medial, anterior, and deep to the SEP dipole, which suggests a nociceptive dipole in area 3A. One patient had a later tangential dipole with positivity posterior, which is opposite to the orientation of the SEP dipole in area 3B. The reversal of orientations between modalities is consistent with the cortical surface negative orientation resulting from superficial termination of thalamocortical neurons that receive inputs from the spinothalamic tract. Therefore, the present results suggest that the LEP may result in a radial dipole consistent with a generator in area 3A and a putative later tangential generator in area 3B.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>pain</kwd>
<kwd>human primary somatic sensory cortex</kwd>
<kwd>subdural recording</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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