Archaeology, geochemistry, and trade of Igneous Rock millstones in Cyprus during the late bronze age to Roman periods
Identifieur interne : 000432 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000431; suivant : 000433Archaeology, geochemistry, and trade of Igneous Rock millstones in Cyprus during the late bronze age to Roman periods
Auteurs : Olwen Williams-Thorpe ; R. S. Thorpe ; Carolyn Elliott [Chypre (pays)] ; C. Xenophontos [Chypre (pays)]Source :
- Geoarchaeology [ 0883-6353 ] ; 1991-01.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Chypre (pays), Jordanie.
- topic : Université ouverte, Syrie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Abdel maksoud, Aegean island, Aegean islands, Aegean samples, Aegina, Agia, Anatolia, Anatolian, Anatolian field, Anatolian rocks, Andesite, Archaeological samples, Basalt, Basaltic, Bulletin volcanologique, Catillus, Central anatolia, Chemical analysis, Cypriot, Cypriot millstones, Cyprus, Cyprus museum, Data sources, Egyptian rocks, Feldspar, Further west, Furthest members, Gabbro, Geoarchaeology, Geographical groups, Geothermal research, Grindstone, Hala, Hala sultan tekke, Hand specimen, Iddingsitized, Iddingsitized olivine, Igneous rocks, Innocenti, International journal, John wiley, Jordan, Jordan analysis, Jordan hand specimen examination, Jordan plateau basalts, Keller, Kourion, Lake tiberias, Lake tiberias area, Larnaca, Larnaca district museum, Late bronze, Lava, Levant, Levant lavas, Major elements, Mediterranean area, Meta, Metu, Millstone, Millstone samples, Museum paphos, Nic1, Nic7, Nicosia, Nisyros, Northern syria, Olivine, Open circles, Open university, Ophiolite, Orogenic andesites, Paphos, Paphos tomb, Patmos, Patmos island, Petrological, Petrological features, Plutonic rocks, Pompeian, Pompeian mills, Pompeian style mills, Possible source areas, Provenance, Provenancing, Pyroxene, Quern, Roman millstones, Roman periods, Rotary quern, Rotary querns, Saddle quern, Saddle querns, Santorini, Sigma, Source area, Source areas, Stylistic features, Syria, Syrian, Tekke, Thin section, Tiberias, Tiberias area, Trace elements, Troodos, Unpublished data, Vesicular, Vesicular lavas, Volcanic, Volcanic rocks, Volcanics, West anatolia, West coast, Wyers, Xenophontos.
- Teeft :
- Abdel maksoud, Aegean island, Aegean islands, Aegean samples, Aegina, Agia, Anatolia, Anatolian, Anatolian field, Anatolian rocks, Andesite, Archaeological samples, Basalt, Basaltic, Bulletin volcanologique, Catillus, Central anatolia, Chemical analysis, Cypriot, Cypriot millstones, Cyprus, Cyprus museum, Data sources, Egyptian rocks, Feldspar, Further west, Furthest members, Gabbro, Geoarchaeology, Geographical groups, Geothermal research, Grindstone, Hala, Hala sultan tekke, Hand specimen, Iddingsitized, Iddingsitized olivine, Igneous rocks, Innocenti, International journal, John wiley, Jordan, Jordan analysis, Jordan hand specimen examination, Jordan plateau basalts, Keller, Kourion, Lake tiberias, Lake tiberias area, Larnaca, Larnaca district museum, Late bronze, Lava, Levant, Levant lavas, Major elements, Mediterranean area, Meta, Metu, Millstone, Millstone samples, Museum paphos, Nic1, Nic7, Nicosia, Nisyros, Northern syria, Olivine, Open circles, Open university, Ophiolite, Orogenic andesites, Paphos, Paphos tomb, Patmos, Patmos island, Petrological, Petrological features, Plutonic rocks, Pompeian, Pompeian mills, Pompeian style mills, Possible source areas, Provenance, Provenancing, Pyroxene, Quern, Roman millstones, Roman periods, Rotary quern, Rotary querns, Saddle quern, Saddle querns, Santorini, Sigma, Source area, Source areas, Stylistic features, Syria, Syrian, Tekke, Thin section, Tiberias, Tiberias area, Trace elements, Troodos, Unpublished data, Vesicular, Vesicular lavas, Volcanic, Volcanic rocks, Volcanics, West anatolia, West coast, Wyers, Xenophontos.
Abstract
Millstones used in Cyprus between the Late Bronze Age and Roman periods (saddle querns, reciprocally operated hopper‐rubber mills, cylindrical rotary querns, and hour‐glass‐shaped Pompeian style mills) were frequently manufactured from igneous rocks including vesicular lavas clearly imported to the island. Potential sources include volcanics of mainland Greece, the Aegean, Anatolia, Egypt, and the Levant (Syria, Israel, and Jordan). Geochemical analysis using X‐ray fluorescence of thirty‐seven Cypriot millstones showed that sources were used as follows: Late Bronze Age saddle querns were made of Levant lavas and of local Troodos rocks, the later hopper‐rubbers were imported from the Aegean island of Nisyros, a rotary mill was of Santorini lava, and the Roman Pompeian style mills were manufactured from Levant lavas, including sources in north Syria and probably around Lake Tiberias. Millstones were probably exported from the Levant ports of Akko, Tell Abu Hawam, and Laodicea, and imported to the Cypriot towns of Salamis and Nea Paphos.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/gea.3340060102
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Abdel maksoud</term>
<term>Aegean island</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Aegean samples</term>
<term>Aegina</term>
<term>Agia</term>
<term>Anatolia</term>
<term>Anatolian</term>
<term>Anatolian field</term>
<term>Anatolian rocks</term>
<term>Andesite</term>
<term>Archaeological samples</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Bulletin volcanologique</term>
<term>Catillus</term>
<term>Central anatolia</term>
<term>Chemical analysis</term>
<term>Cypriot</term>
<term>Cypriot millstones</term>
<term>Cyprus</term>
<term>Cyprus museum</term>
<term>Data sources</term>
<term>Egyptian rocks</term>
<term>Feldspar</term>
<term>Further west</term>
<term>Furthest members</term>
<term>Gabbro</term>
<term>Geoarchaeology</term>
<term>Geographical groups</term>
<term>Geothermal research</term>
<term>Grindstone</term>
<term>Hala</term>
<term>Hala sultan tekke</term>
<term>Hand specimen</term>
<term>Iddingsitized</term>
<term>Iddingsitized olivine</term>
<term>Igneous rocks</term>
<term>Innocenti</term>
<term>International journal</term>
<term>John wiley</term>
<term>Jordan</term>
<term>Jordan analysis</term>
<term>Jordan hand specimen examination</term>
<term>Jordan plateau basalts</term>
<term>Keller</term>
<term>Kourion</term>
<term>Lake tiberias</term>
<term>Lake tiberias area</term>
<term>Larnaca</term>
<term>Larnaca district museum</term>
<term>Late bronze</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Levant</term>
<term>Levant lavas</term>
<term>Major elements</term>
<term>Mediterranean area</term>
<term>Meta</term>
<term>Metu</term>
<term>Millstone</term>
<term>Millstone samples</term>
<term>Museum paphos</term>
<term>Nic1</term>
<term>Nic7</term>
<term>Nicosia</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Northern syria</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Open circles</term>
<term>Open university</term>
<term>Ophiolite</term>
<term>Orogenic andesites</term>
<term>Paphos</term>
<term>Paphos tomb</term>
<term>Patmos</term>
<term>Patmos island</term>
<term>Petrological</term>
<term>Petrological features</term>
<term>Plutonic rocks</term>
<term>Pompeian</term>
<term>Pompeian mills</term>
<term>Pompeian style mills</term>
<term>Possible source areas</term>
<term>Provenance</term>
<term>Provenancing</term>
<term>Pyroxene</term>
<term>Quern</term>
<term>Roman millstones</term>
<term>Roman periods</term>
<term>Rotary quern</term>
<term>Rotary querns</term>
<term>Saddle quern</term>
<term>Saddle querns</term>
<term>Santorini</term>
<term>Sigma</term>
<term>Source area</term>
<term>Source areas</term>
<term>Stylistic features</term>
<term>Syria</term>
<term>Syrian</term>
<term>Tekke</term>
<term>Thin section</term>
<term>Tiberias</term>
<term>Tiberias area</term>
<term>Trace elements</term>
<term>Troodos</term>
<term>Unpublished data</term>
<term>Vesicular</term>
<term>Vesicular lavas</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Volcanic rocks</term>
<term>Volcanics</term>
<term>West anatolia</term>
<term>West coast</term>
<term>Wyers</term>
<term>Xenophontos</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abdel maksoud</term>
<term>Aegean island</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Aegean samples</term>
<term>Aegina</term>
<term>Agia</term>
<term>Anatolia</term>
<term>Anatolian</term>
<term>Anatolian field</term>
<term>Anatolian rocks</term>
<term>Andesite</term>
<term>Archaeological samples</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Bulletin volcanologique</term>
<term>Catillus</term>
<term>Central anatolia</term>
<term>Chemical analysis</term>
<term>Cypriot</term>
<term>Cypriot millstones</term>
<term>Cyprus</term>
<term>Cyprus museum</term>
<term>Data sources</term>
<term>Egyptian rocks</term>
<term>Feldspar</term>
<term>Further west</term>
<term>Furthest members</term>
<term>Gabbro</term>
<term>Geoarchaeology</term>
<term>Geographical groups</term>
<term>Geothermal research</term>
<term>Grindstone</term>
<term>Hala</term>
<term>Hala sultan tekke</term>
<term>Hand specimen</term>
<term>Iddingsitized</term>
<term>Iddingsitized olivine</term>
<term>Igneous rocks</term>
<term>Innocenti</term>
<term>International journal</term>
<term>John wiley</term>
<term>Jordan</term>
<term>Jordan analysis</term>
<term>Jordan hand specimen examination</term>
<term>Jordan plateau basalts</term>
<term>Keller</term>
<term>Kourion</term>
<term>Lake tiberias</term>
<term>Lake tiberias area</term>
<term>Larnaca</term>
<term>Larnaca district museum</term>
<term>Late bronze</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Levant</term>
<term>Levant lavas</term>
<term>Major elements</term>
<term>Mediterranean area</term>
<term>Meta</term>
<term>Metu</term>
<term>Millstone</term>
<term>Millstone samples</term>
<term>Museum paphos</term>
<term>Nic1</term>
<term>Nic7</term>
<term>Nicosia</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Northern syria</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Open circles</term>
<term>Open university</term>
<term>Ophiolite</term>
<term>Orogenic andesites</term>
<term>Paphos</term>
<term>Paphos tomb</term>
<term>Patmos</term>
<term>Patmos island</term>
<term>Petrological</term>
<term>Petrological features</term>
<term>Plutonic rocks</term>
<term>Pompeian</term>
<term>Pompeian mills</term>
<term>Pompeian style mills</term>
<term>Possible source areas</term>
<term>Provenance</term>
<term>Provenancing</term>
<term>Pyroxene</term>
<term>Quern</term>
<term>Roman millstones</term>
<term>Roman periods</term>
<term>Rotary quern</term>
<term>Rotary querns</term>
<term>Saddle quern</term>
<term>Saddle querns</term>
<term>Santorini</term>
<term>Sigma</term>
<term>Source area</term>
<term>Source areas</term>
<term>Stylistic features</term>
<term>Syria</term>
<term>Syrian</term>
<term>Tekke</term>
<term>Thin section</term>
<term>Tiberias</term>
<term>Tiberias area</term>
<term>Trace elements</term>
<term>Troodos</term>
<term>Unpublished data</term>
<term>Vesicular</term>
<term>Vesicular lavas</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Volcanic rocks</term>
<term>Volcanics</term>
<term>West anatolia</term>
<term>West coast</term>
<term>Wyers</term>
<term>Xenophontos</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chypre (pays)</term>
<term>Jordanie</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Millstones used in Cyprus between the Late Bronze Age and Roman periods (saddle querns, reciprocally operated hopper‐rubber mills, cylindrical rotary querns, and hour‐glass‐shaped Pompeian style mills) were frequently manufactured from igneous rocks including vesicular lavas clearly imported to the island. Potential sources include volcanics of mainland Greece, the Aegean, Anatolia, Egypt, and the Levant (Syria, Israel, and Jordan). Geochemical analysis using X‐ray fluorescence of thirty‐seven Cypriot millstones showed that sources were used as follows: Late Bronze Age saddle querns were made of Levant lavas and of local Troodos rocks, the later hopper‐rubbers were imported from the Aegean island of Nisyros, a rotary mill was of Santorini lava, and the Roman Pompeian style mills were manufactured from Levant lavas, including sources in north Syria and probably around Lake Tiberias. Millstones were probably exported from the Levant ports of Akko, Tell Abu Hawam, and Laodicea, and imported to the Cypriot towns of Salamis and Nea Paphos.</div>
</front>
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