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MILLSTONE PROVENANCING USED IN TRACING THE ROUTE OF A FOURTH‐CENTURY BC GREEK MERCHANT SHIP

Identifieur interne : 000059 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 000058; suivant : 000060

MILLSTONE PROVENANCING USED IN TRACING THE ROUTE OF A FOURTH‐CENTURY BC GREEK MERCHANT SHIP

Auteurs : O. Williams-Thorpe [Royaume-Uni] ; R. S. Thorpe [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:25BA53C353EB732494F88CED45A95D820DC20DD7

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English descriptors

Abstract

A Greek merchant ship carrying a cargo of millstones, amphorae and bronze vessels was wrecked at Sec, off Mallorca, Spain. in about 375‐350 BC. Geochemical provenancing of the millstones helps in reconstructing the route of the ship and complements evidence from the amphorae. Thirty‐eight lava hopper‐rubber millstones and one Pompeian‐style rotary mill from the ship were sampled for provenancing. The hopper‐rubbers are mainly of basalt from the island of Pantelleria off North Africa in the Sicilian channel, one is from Nisyros off the Anatolian coast, and the Pompeian mill is of ignimbrite from Mulargia in Sardinia. The hopper‐rubbers are the most westerly examples known in the Mediterranean. and the Nisyros mill represents the first proven instance of millstone transport between the east and the west Mediterranean. The occurrence of the Pompeian mill in a fourth‐ceniury BC context is evidence of the use of this type a century earlier than previously thought. The Nisyros mill was probably taken on board at the start of the ship's voyage in the eastern Mediterranean, the Pantellerian mills may have been collected partly as ballast at Pantelleria, and the Mulargia mill was probably picked up at Carthage.

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DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4754.1990.tb00460.x

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ISTEX:25BA53C353EB732494F88CED45A95D820DC20DD7

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Williams Horpe, O" sort="Williams Horpe, O" uniqKey="Williams Horpe O" first="O." last="Williams-Thorpe">O. Williams-Thorpe</name>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, U.K.</mods:affiliation>
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<term>Abdel maksoud</term>
<term>Additional data</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Anatolia</term>
<term>Arribas</term>
<term>Arribas notes</term>
<term>Balate</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Basaltic rocks</term>
<term>Bronze vessels</term>
<term>Carthage</term>
<term>Catilli</term>
<term>Catillus</term>
<term>Chemical analyses</term>
<term>Chemical analysis</term>
<term>Chemical characteristics</term>
<term>Civetta</term>
<term>Classical greek period</term>
<term>Cyprus</term>
<term>East mediterranean</term>
<term>Eastern mediterranean</term>
<term>Feldspar</term>
<term>First century</term>
<term>Fourth century</term>
<term>Fresh olivine</term>
<term>Geochemical provenancing</term>
<term>Geological provenance</term>
<term>Greater part</term>
<term>Greek merchant ship</term>
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<term>High abundances</term>
<term>Hopper</term>
<term>Hopper mills</term>
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<term>Languedoc mediterraneen</term>
<term>Large group</term>
<term>Late bronze</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Leonardo</term>
<term>Leonardo basalts</term>
<term>Levant</term>
<term>Levant field</term>
<term>Lower stone</term>
<term>Lower stones</term>
<term>Mafic lavas</term>
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<term>Marine immersion</term>
<term>Mediterranean area</term>
<term>Megara hyblaea</term>
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<term>Mill samples</term>
<term>Millstone</term>
<term>Millstone provenancing</term>
<term>Millstone samples</term>
<term>Millstone sources</term>
<term>Millstone transport</term>
<term>Morgantina</term>
<term>Mulargia</term>
<term>Mulargia mills</term>
<term>Mulargia rock</term>
<term>Mursia</term>
<term>Mursia basalts</term>
<term>Museu</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Nisyros lava</term>
<term>Nisyros mills</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Open university</term>
<term>Orogenic andesires</term>
<term>Other samples</term>
<term>Outcrop</term>
<term>Pallares salvador</term>
<term>Pantelleria</term>
<term>Pantellerian</term>
<term>Pantellerian lava</term>
<term>Pantellerian rocks</term>
<term>Peacock</term>
<term>Plagioclase feldspar</term>
<term>Pompeian</term>
<term>Pompeian mill</term>
<term>Pompeian mills</term>
<term>Private collection</term>
<term>Provenance</term>
<term>Provenancing</term>
<term>Roman basalt artefacts</term>
<term>Roman millstones</term>
<term>Roman period</term>
<term>Rotary mill</term>
<term>Rotary mills</term>
<term>Runnel</term>
<term>Sardinia</term>
<term>Sicily</term>
<term>Sigma</term>
<term>Similar mills</term>
<term>Small island</term>
<term>Small outcrops</term>
<term>Source samples</term>
<term>Such rocks</term>
<term>Thorpe</term>
<term>Trace elements</term>
<term>Villari</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Western anatolia</term>
<term>Western mediterranean</term>
<term>Western sicily</term>
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<term>Abdel maksoud</term>
<term>Additional data</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Anatolia</term>
<term>Arribas</term>
<term>Arribas notes</term>
<term>Balate</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Basaltic rocks</term>
<term>Bronze vessels</term>
<term>Carthage</term>
<term>Catilli</term>
<term>Catillus</term>
<term>Chemical analyses</term>
<term>Chemical analysis</term>
<term>Chemical characteristics</term>
<term>Civetta</term>
<term>Classical greek period</term>
<term>Cyprus</term>
<term>East mediterranean</term>
<term>Eastern mediterranean</term>
<term>Feldspar</term>
<term>First century</term>
<term>Fourth century</term>
<term>Fresh olivine</term>
<term>Geochemical provenancing</term>
<term>Geological provenance</term>
<term>Greater part</term>
<term>Greek merchant ship</term>
<term>Greek ship</term>
<term>Hand specimen</term>
<term>High abundances</term>
<term>Hopper</term>
<term>Hopper mills</term>
<term>John wiley</term>
<term>Languedoc mediterraneen</term>
<term>Large group</term>
<term>Late bronze</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Leonardo</term>
<term>Leonardo basalts</term>
<term>Levant</term>
<term>Levant field</term>
<term>Lower stone</term>
<term>Lower stones</term>
<term>Mafic lavas</term>
<term>Mainland greece</term>
<term>Mainland spain</term>
<term>Major elements</term>
<term>Mallorca</term>
<term>Marine immersion</term>
<term>Mediterranean area</term>
<term>Megara hyblaea</term>
<term>Megara hyblaea mills</term>
<term>Meta</term>
<term>Mill samples</term>
<term>Millstone</term>
<term>Millstone provenancing</term>
<term>Millstone samples</term>
<term>Millstone sources</term>
<term>Millstone transport</term>
<term>Morgantina</term>
<term>Mulargia</term>
<term>Mulargia mills</term>
<term>Mulargia rock</term>
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<term>Mursia basalts</term>
<term>Museu</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Nisyros lava</term>
<term>Nisyros mills</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Open university</term>
<term>Orogenic andesires</term>
<term>Other samples</term>
<term>Outcrop</term>
<term>Pallares salvador</term>
<term>Pantelleria</term>
<term>Pantellerian</term>
<term>Pantellerian lava</term>
<term>Pantellerian rocks</term>
<term>Peacock</term>
<term>Plagioclase feldspar</term>
<term>Pompeian</term>
<term>Pompeian mill</term>
<term>Pompeian mills</term>
<term>Private collection</term>
<term>Provenance</term>
<term>Provenancing</term>
<term>Roman basalt artefacts</term>
<term>Roman millstones</term>
<term>Roman period</term>
<term>Rotary mill</term>
<term>Rotary mills</term>
<term>Runnel</term>
<term>Sardinia</term>
<term>Sicily</term>
<term>Sigma</term>
<term>Similar mills</term>
<term>Small island</term>
<term>Small outcrops</term>
<term>Source samples</term>
<term>Such rocks</term>
<term>Thorpe</term>
<term>Trace elements</term>
<term>Villari</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Western anatolia</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A Greek merchant ship carrying a cargo of millstones, amphorae and bronze vessels was wrecked at Sec, off Mallorca, Spain. in about 375‐350 BC. Geochemical provenancing of the millstones helps in reconstructing the route of the ship and complements evidence from the amphorae. Thirty‐eight lava hopper‐rubber millstones and one Pompeian‐style rotary mill from the ship were sampled for provenancing. The hopper‐rubbers are mainly of basalt from the island of Pantelleria off North Africa in the Sicilian channel, one is from Nisyros off the Anatolian coast, and the Pompeian mill is of ignimbrite from Mulargia in Sardinia. The hopper‐rubbers are the most westerly examples known in the Mediterranean. and the Nisyros mill represents the first proven instance of millstone transport between the east and the west Mediterranean. The occurrence of the Pompeian mill in a fourth‐ceniury BC context is evidence of the use of this type a century earlier than previously thought. The Nisyros mill was probably taken on board at the start of the ship's voyage in the eastern Mediterranean, the Pantellerian mills may have been collected partly as ballast at Pantelleria, and the Mulargia mill was probably picked up at Carthage.</div>
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