Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth
Identifieur interne : 000194 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000193; suivant : 000195Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth
Auteurs : George P. L. WalkerSource :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth [ 0148-0227 ] ; 1984-09-30.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Arcuate, Caldera, Caldera collapse, Caldera formation, Caldera sizes, Cauldron, Clough, Cone sheets, Crater lake, Crust, Deception island, Dike, Downsag, Downsag calderas, Downsagged, Downsagging, Eruption, Fracture, Geol, Geophys, Geotherm, Ignimbrite, Magma, Magmatic, Magmatic pressure, Many volcanoes, Newberry, Postcaldera, Postcaldera vents, Precambrian, Primavera, Quaternary, Quaternary calderas, Rabaul, Ring dikes, Ring fault, Ring faults, Ring fracture, Ring fractures, Sete cidades, Silicic, Subsidence, Surv, Taupo, Tertiary, Valles, Vent rings, Volcano, Volcanol.
- Teeft :
- Arcuate, Caldera, Caldera collapse, Caldera formation, Caldera sizes, Cauldron, Clough, Cone sheets, Crater lake, Crust, Deception island, Dike, Downsag, Downsag calderas, Downsagged, Downsagging, Eruption, Fracture, Geol, Geophys, Geotherm, Ignimbrite, Magma, Magmatic, Magmatic pressure, Many volcanoes, Newberry, Postcaldera, Postcaldera vents, Precambrian, Primavera, Quaternary, Quaternary calderas, Rabaul, Ring dikes, Ring fault, Ring faults, Ring fracture, Ring fractures, Sete cidades, Silicic, Subsidence, Surv, Taupo, Tertiary, Valles, Vent rings, Volcano, Volcanol.
Abstract
Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.
Url:
DOI: 10.1029/JB089iB10p08407
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title><author wicri:is="90%"><name sortKey="Walker, George P L" sort="Walker, George P L" uniqKey="Walker G" first="George P. L." last="Walker">George P. L. Walker</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77</idno><date when="1984" year="1984">1984</date><idno type="doi">10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000194</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000194</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title><author wicri:is="90%"><name sortKey="Walker, George P L" sort="Walker, George P L" uniqKey="Walker G" first="George P. L." last="Walker">George P. L. Walker</name></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: SOLID EARTH</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">89</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">B10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="8407">8407</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="8416">8416</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">10</biblScope><date type="published" when="1984-09-30">1984-09-30</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Arcuate</term><term>Caldera</term><term>Caldera collapse</term><term>Caldera formation</term><term>Caldera sizes</term><term>Cauldron</term><term>Clough</term><term>Cone sheets</term><term>Crater lake</term><term>Crust</term><term>Deception island</term><term>Dike</term><term>Downsag</term><term>Downsag calderas</term><term>Downsagged</term><term>Downsagging</term><term>Eruption</term><term>Fracture</term><term>Geol</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Geotherm</term><term>Ignimbrite</term><term>Magma</term><term>Magmatic</term><term>Magmatic pressure</term><term>Many volcanoes</term><term>Newberry</term><term>Postcaldera</term><term>Postcaldera vents</term><term>Precambrian</term><term>Primavera</term><term>Quaternary</term><term>Quaternary calderas</term><term>Rabaul</term><term>Ring dikes</term><term>Ring fault</term><term>Ring faults</term><term>Ring fracture</term><term>Ring fractures</term><term>Sete cidades</term><term>Silicic</term><term>Subsidence</term><term>Surv</term><term>Taupo</term><term>Tertiary</term><term>Valles</term><term>Vent rings</term><term>Volcano</term><term>Volcanol</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Arcuate</term><term>Caldera</term><term>Caldera collapse</term><term>Caldera formation</term><term>Caldera sizes</term><term>Cauldron</term><term>Clough</term><term>Cone sheets</term><term>Crater lake</term><term>Crust</term><term>Deception island</term><term>Dike</term><term>Downsag</term><term>Downsag calderas</term><term>Downsagged</term><term>Downsagging</term><term>Eruption</term><term>Fracture</term><term>Geol</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Geotherm</term><term>Ignimbrite</term><term>Magma</term><term>Magmatic</term><term>Magmatic pressure</term><term>Many volcanoes</term><term>Newberry</term><term>Postcaldera</term><term>Postcaldera vents</term><term>Precambrian</term><term>Primavera</term><term>Quaternary</term><term>Quaternary calderas</term><term>Rabaul</term><term>Ring dikes</term><term>Ring fault</term><term>Ring faults</term><term>Ring fracture</term><term>Ring fractures</term><term>Sete cidades</term><term>Silicic</term><term>Subsidence</term><term>Surv</term><term>Taupo</term><term>Tertiary</term><term>Valles</term><term>Vent rings</term><term>Volcano</term><term>Volcanol</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>caldera</json:string><json:string>geol</json:string><json:string>cauldron</json:string><json:string>subsidence</json:string><json:string>magma</json:string><json:string>ignimbrite</json:string><json:string>taupo</json:string><json:string>volcanol</json:string><json:string>downsagging</json:string><json:string>vent rings</json:string><json:string>fracture</json:string><json:string>ring faults</json:string><json:string>dike</json:string><json:string>ring fracture</json:string><json:string>primavera</json:string><json:string>volcano</json:string><json:string>downsagged</json:string><json:string>caldera formation</json:string><json:string>ring dikes</json:string><json:string>postcaldera</json:string><json:string>valles</json:string><json:string>surv</json:string><json:string>magmatic</json:string><json:string>clough</json:string><json:string>eruption</json:string><json:string>precambrian</json:string><json:string>quaternary</json:string><json:string>downsag</json:string><json:string>newberry</json:string><json:string>arcuate</json:string><json:string>geophys</json:string><json:string>silicic</json:string><json:string>ring fault</json:string><json:string>geotherm</json:string><json:string>deception island</json:string><json:string>cone sheets</json:string><json:string>crust</json:string><json:string>caldera sizes</json:string><json:string>postcaldera vents</json:string><json:string>downsag calderas</json:string><json:string>quaternary calderas</json:string><json:string>rabaul</json:string><json:string>magmatic pressure</json:string><json:string>many volcanoes</json:string><json:string>ring fractures</json:string><json:string>caldera collapse</json:string><json:string>crater lake</json:string><json:string>sete cidades</json:string><json:string>tertiary</json:string><json:string>vent</json:string><json:string>volcanic</json:string><json:string>many calderas</json:string><json:string>same scale</json:string><json:string>single vent</json:string><json:string>significant lines</json:string><json:string>ring vents</json:string><json:string>ring intrusions</json:string><json:string>subsequent eruptions</json:string><json:string>ignimbrite eruption</json:string><json:string>aira caldera</json:string><json:string>cauldron subsidence</json:string><json:string>transverse line</json:string><json:string>volcanic rocks</json:string><json:string>range province</json:string><json:string>cylindrical block</json:string><json:string>ossipee mountains</json:string><json:string>northern nigeria</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>George P. L. Walker</name></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>4B0213</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>581 x 810 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1667</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5483</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>44657</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>252</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202b</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0148-0227</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>2156-2202</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JGRB</json:string></publisherId><volume>89</volume><issue>B10</issue><pages><first>8407</first><last>8416</last><total>10</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Calderas and Associate Igneous Rocks</value></json:item><json:item><value>VOLCANOLOGY</value></json:item><json:item><value>Volcanology: Volcanology topics</value></json:item></subject></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>geosciences, multidisciplinary</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>earth & environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>meteorology & atmospheric sciences</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1984</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1984</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</json:string></doi><id>12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><licence>Copyright 1984 by the American Geophysical Union.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="1984-09-30"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">George P. L.</forename><surname>Walker</surname></persName></author><idno type="istex">12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</idno><idno type="editorialOffice">4B0213</idno><idno type="unit">JGRB4916</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JGRB.JGRB4916.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: SOLID EARTH</title><idno type="pISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202b</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/jgrb.v89.B10</idno><idno type="product">JGRB</idno><idno type="coden">JGREA2</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">89</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">B10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="8407">8407</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="8416">8416</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">10</biblScope><date type="published" when="1984-09-30"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main"><p xml:id="jgrb4916-para-0001">Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.</p></abstract><textClass><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/specialSection/CALAIR1">Calderas and Associate Igneous Rocks</classCode><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/8400">VOLCANOLOGY</classCode></textClass><langUsage><language ident="EN"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="jgrb4916"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi>10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202b</doi><issn type="print">0148-0227</issn><issn type="electronic">2156-2202</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JGRB"></id><id type="coden" value="JGREA2"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: SOLID EARTH">Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title><title type="short">J. Geophys. Res.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="100"><doi>10.1002/jgrb.v89.B10</doi><idGroup><id type="focusSection" value="2"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="focusSection" xml:lang="en">Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title></titleGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="89">89</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">B10</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="1984-09-30">30 September 1984</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="140" status="forIssue"><doi>10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</doi><idGroup><id type="editorialOffice" value="4B0213"></id><id type="unit" value="JGRB4916"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="10"></count></countGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">Copyright 1984 by the American Geophysical Union.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="1983-08-17"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="1984-02-01"></event><event type="publishedPrint" date="1984-09-30"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-09-20"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-09-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="SPi Global Converter:AGUv1.0_TO_WileyML3Gv1.0.3 version:1.2; WileyML 3G Packaging Tool v1.0" date="2013-02-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-31"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">8407</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">8416</numbering></numberingGroup><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/specialSection/CALAIR1">Calderas and Associate Igneous Rocks</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/8400">VOLCANOLOGY</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/8401">Volcanology: Volcanology topics</subject></subjectInfo></subjectInfo><selfCitationGroup><citation xml:id="jgrb4916-cit-0000" type="self"><author><familyName>Walker</familyName>, <givenNames>G. P. L.</givenNames></author> (<pubYear year="1984">1984</pubYear>), <articleTitle>Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</articleTitle>, <journalTitle>J. Geophys. Res.</journalTitle>, <vol>89</vol>(<issue>B10</issue>), <pageFirst>8407</pageFirst>–<pageLast>8416</pageLast>, doi:<accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1029/JB089iB10p08407">10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</accessionId>.</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JGRB.JGRB4916.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title><title type="shortAuthors">Walker</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="jgrb4916-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>George P. L.</givenNames><familyName>Walker</familyName></personName></creator></creators><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><p xml:id="jgrb4916-para-0001">Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">George P. L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Walker</namePart></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1984-09-30</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">1983-08-17</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">1984-02-01</dateValid><edition>Walker, G. P. L. (1984), Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth, J. Geophys. Res., 89(B10), 8407–8416, doi:10.1029/JB089iB10p08407.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1984</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Not all calderas conform to the currently favored model, in which a cylindrical block subsides as in cauldrons of deeply eroded volcanoes. Some calderas are downsagged structures, a fact deduced mainly from the backtilting of ignimbrite sheets assumed originally to have possessed an outwardly directed slope. Few calderas have postcaldera vent rings; postcaldera vents more commonly lie on a transverse line, occupy a central position, or are scattered, indicating that any possible caldera ring faults were not sufficiently significant lines of weakness to guide uprising magmas. About as many volcanoes have vent rings outside the caldera as inside, and vent rings are known also where caldera faults are lacking. These and other lines of evidence suggest that vent rings on intermediate or silicic volcanoes are more likely to be situated on cone sheet‐type fractures, caused by upwardly directed magmatic pressure and related to updoming, than on ring faults related to caldera subsidence. The prevailing view of caldera formation is a catastrophic one, but some calderas grow incrementally in response to a succession of moderatesized eruptions. On some volcanoes having a small caldera, the present caldera may be merely the youngest of a succession generated by relatively small‐magnitude events. Attention is drawn to the fact that cauldrons and ring‐dike complexes are a feature of intracontinental cratonic volcanoes. It is significant that the anomalously large Tertiary calderas of the Basin and Range Province, which conform more closely to the currently favored caldera model than do the calderas in epicontinental settings, also cut Precambrian crust.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Geophys. Res.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>index-terms</genre><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/specialSection/CALAIR1">Calderas and Associate Igneous Rocks</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/8400">VOLCANOLOGY</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/8401">Volcanology: Volcanology topics</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0148-0227</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">2156-2202</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202b</identifier><identifier type="CODEN">JGREA2</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JGRB</identifier><part><date>1984</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>89</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>B10</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>8407</start><end>8416</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1029/JB089iB10p08407</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">4B0213</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright 1984 by the American Geophysical Union.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Terre/explor/NissirosV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000194 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000194 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Terre
|area= NissirosV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:12ECA7FF772A85B8CA0FD92BC024D7E77BD57C77
|texte= Downsag calderas, ring faults, caldera sizes, and incremental caldera growth
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |