The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel
Identifieur interne : 000C77 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000C76; suivant : 000C78The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel
Auteurs : R. Louahdi [Algérie] ; E. H. Ouakdi [Algérie] ; A. Boucenna [Algérie] ; G. Saindrenan [France] ; R. Legall [France] ; F. Ferhat [France]Source :
- Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly [ 0008-4433 ] ; 1998.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Nickel.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Impurity segregation to grain boundaries and free surfaces of pure metals is thought to take place according to two mechanisms. One involves the thermodynamic and kinetic laws of equilibrium, as is the case, for example, in annealing for sufficiently long periods at sufficiently high temperatures (≈0.5TM, TM being the melting temperature). The other takes place while a metal, initially in a non equilibrium state is returning to equilibrium, as is the case, for example, during the annealing of a quenched or cold worked metal. In this work, a kinetic study of sulphur segregation taking place during the annealing of both quenched and cold-rolled nickel is carried out. It is found that the sulphur segregation kinetics measured during the elimination of vacancies (quenched nickel) are two–three orders of magnitude higher than the ones predicted by McLean for equilibrium segregation. In the case of the cold worked material, it is found that the kinetics, compared to equilibrium ones, are accelerated by both the vacancy annihilation and the recrystallization stages of the heating process. A considerable reduction in strength and ductility, coupled with severe intergranular corrosion as shown by scanning electron micrographs, may be taken as clear evidence of intergranular segregation taking place during the recovery by the material of its equilibrium state.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0008-4433(98)00002-0
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Istex, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000503
- to stream Istex, to step Curation: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000243
- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000671
- to stream Main, to step Merge: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000D17
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000473
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000594
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Checkpoint: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000474
- to stream Main, to step Merge: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000D73
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F" last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75</idno><date when="1998" year="1998">1998</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0008-4433(98)00002-0</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000503</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000503</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000243</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000671</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000671</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0008-4433:1998:Louahdi R:the:effect:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000D17</idno><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:99-0019207</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000473</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000594</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000474</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000474</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0008-4433:1998:Louahdi R:the:effect:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000D73</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000C77</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F" last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">CMQ</title><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">37</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="119">119</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="124">124</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Defect annihilation</term><term>Experimental study</term><term>Heat treatments</term><term>Impurities</term><term>Micrography</term><term>Nickel</term><term>SEM</term><term>Segregation</term><term>Thermodynamic analysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>6475</term><term>Analyse thermodynamique</term><term>Annihilation défaut</term><term>Etude expérimentale</term><term>Impureté</term><term>Micrographie</term><term>Nickel</term><term>SEM</term><term>Ségrégation</term><term>Traitement thermique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Nickel</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Impurity segregation to grain boundaries and free surfaces of pure metals is thought to take place according to two mechanisms. One involves the thermodynamic and kinetic laws of equilibrium, as is the case, for example, in annealing for sufficiently long periods at sufficiently high temperatures (≈0.5TM, TM being the melting temperature). The other takes place while a metal, initially in a non equilibrium state is returning to equilibrium, as is the case, for example, during the annealing of a quenched or cold worked metal. In this work, a kinetic study of sulphur segregation taking place during the annealing of both quenched and cold-rolled nickel is carried out. It is found that the sulphur segregation kinetics measured during the elimination of vacancies (quenched nickel) are two–three orders of magnitude higher than the ones predicted by McLean for equilibrium segregation. In the case of the cold worked material, it is found that the kinetics, compared to equilibrium ones, are accelerated by both the vacancy annihilation and the recrystallization stages of the heating process. A considerable reduction in strength and ductility, coupled with severe intergranular corrosion as shown by scanning electron micrographs, may be taken as clear evidence of intergranular segregation taking place during the recovery by the material of its equilibrium state.</div></front></TEI><double idat="0008-4433:1998:Louahdi R:the:effect:of"><INIST><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F." last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">99-0019207</idno><date when="1998">1998</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 99-0019207 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:99-0019207</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000473</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000594</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000474</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000474</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0008-4433:1998:Louahdi R:the:effect:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000D73</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Université Ferhat Abbes</s1><s2>Sétif 19000</s2><s3>DZA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Algérie</country><wicri:noRegion>Université Ferhat Abbes</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F." last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes</s1><s2>44072 Nantes</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Canadian metallurgical quarterly</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Can. metall. q.</title><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno><imprint><date when="1998">1998</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Canadian metallurgical quarterly</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Can. metall. q.</title><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Defect annihilation</term><term>Experimental study</term><term>Heat treatments</term><term>Impurities</term><term>Micrography</term><term>Nickel</term><term>SEM</term><term>Segregation</term><term>Thermodynamic analysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Nickel</term><term>Ségrégation</term><term>Impureté</term><term>Analyse thermodynamique</term><term>Annihilation défaut</term><term>Traitement thermique</term><term>Micrographie</term><term>SEM</term><term>Etude expérimentale</term><term>6475</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Nickel</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="fr">La ségrégation des impuretés aux interfaces (joints de grains, surfaces libres) des métaux purs a lieu selon deux mécanismes. Un des mécanismes a lieu selon les lois thermodynamiques et cinétiques de l'équilibre comme dans le cas, par exemple, de longs recuits à des températures suffisamment élevées (0.5T<sub>f</sub>, T<sub>f</sub> étant la température de fusion). L'autre a lieu durant le retour à l'équilibre d'un métal initialement dans un état hors d'équilibre comme dans le cas du recuit d'un métal trempé ou déformé à froid. Dans ce travail, une étude cinétique de la ségrégation du soufre ayant lieu durant le recuit du nickel 270 trempé ou laminé à froid est effectuée. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la cinétique de la ségrégation du soufre mesurée durant l'élimination des lacunes (matériau trempé) est deux à trois ordres de grandeur plus grande que celle prédite par McLean pour une ségrégation d'équilibre. Dans le cas du matériau laminé à froid, la cinétique est accélérée par les deux étapes du recuit, à savoir l'étape d'élimination des lacunes et l'étape de recristallisation. Une importante réduction de la résistance et de la ductilité, accompagnée d'une corrosion intergranulaire manifeste, peut être perçue comme une indication d'une ségrégation intergranulaire ayant eu lieu lors de la restauration du matériau de son état d'équilibre.</div></front></TEI></INIST><ISTEX><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F" last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75</idno><date when="1998" year="1998">1998</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0008-4433(98)00002-0</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000503</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000503</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000243</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000671</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000671</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0008-4433:1998:Louahdi R:the:effect:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000D17</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel</title><author><name sortKey="Louahdi, R" sort="Louahdi, R" uniqKey="Louahdi R" first="R." last="Louahdi">R. Louahdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouakdi, E H" sort="Ouakdi, E H" uniqKey="Ouakdi E" first="E. H." last="Ouakdi">E. H. Ouakdi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucenna, A" sort="Boucenna, A" uniqKey="Boucenna A" first="A." last="Boucenna">A. Boucenna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Ferhat Abbes, Sétif 19000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sétif 19000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saindrenan, G" sort="Saindrenan, G" uniqKey="Saindrenan G" first="G." last="Saindrenan">G. Saindrenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legall, R" sort="Legall, R" uniqKey="Legall R" first="R." last="Legall">R. Legall</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferhat, F" sort="Ferhat, F" uniqKey="Ferhat F" first="F" last="Ferhat">F. Ferhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>LGM, ISITEM, Université de Nantes, F44072 Nantes Cedex 03</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Pays de la Loire</region><settlement type="city">Nantes</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nantes</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">CMQ</title><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">37</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="119">119</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="124">124</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0008-4433</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Impurity segregation to grain boundaries and free surfaces of pure metals is thought to take place according to two mechanisms. One involves the thermodynamic and kinetic laws of equilibrium, as is the case, for example, in annealing for sufficiently long periods at sufficiently high temperatures (≈0.5TM, TM being the melting temperature). The other takes place while a metal, initially in a non equilibrium state is returning to equilibrium, as is the case, for example, during the annealing of a quenched or cold worked metal. In this work, a kinetic study of sulphur segregation taking place during the annealing of both quenched and cold-rolled nickel is carried out. It is found that the sulphur segregation kinetics measured during the elimination of vacancies (quenched nickel) are two–three orders of magnitude higher than the ones predicted by McLean for equilibrium segregation. In the case of the cold worked material, it is found that the kinetics, compared to equilibrium ones, are accelerated by both the vacancy annihilation and the recrystallization stages of the heating process. A considerable reduction in strength and ductility, coupled with severe intergranular corrosion as shown by scanning electron micrographs, may be taken as clear evidence of intergranular segregation taking place during the recovery by the material of its equilibrium state.</div></front></TEI></ISTEX></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Terre/explor/NickelMaghrebV1/Data/Main/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000C77 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 000C77 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Terre
|area= NickelMaghrebV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Curation
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:F2D36C2EE5817A2092ED59EBFAB181FA8F43ED75
|texte= The effect of defect annihilation on the segregation kinetics of sulphur in both quenched and cold worked nickel
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |