Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films
Identifieur interne : 001882 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001881; suivant : 001883Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films
Auteurs : E. M. Bachari ; S. Ben Amor ; G. Baud ; M. JacquetSource :
- Materials Science & Engineering B [ 0921-5107 ] ; 2001.
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Abstract
Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2
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Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F</idno><date when="2001" year="2001">2001</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001882</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001882</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title><author><name sortKey="Bachari, E M" sort="Bachari, E M" uniqKey="Bachari E" first="E. M." last="Bachari">E. M. Bachari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ben Amor, S" sort="Ben Amor, S" uniqKey="Ben Amor S" first="S." last="Ben Amor">S. Ben Amor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisie</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baud, G" sort="Baud, G" uniqKey="Baud G" first="G." last="Baud">G. Baud</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jacquet, M" sort="Jacquet, M" uniqKey="Jacquet M" first="M." last="Jacquet">M. Jacquet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Materials Science & Engineering B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">MSB</title><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001">2001</date><biblScope unit="volume">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="174">174</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adhesion</term><term>Coating</term><term>Cold plasma</term><term>Photoprotection</term><term>Sputtering</term><term>Zinc oxide</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>E.M. Bachari</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Ben Amor</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</json:string><json:string>Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisie</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. Baud</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Jacquet</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</json:string><json:string>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</json:string><json:string>E-mail: jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Zinc oxide</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Coating</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Sputtering</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Cold plasma</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Adhesion</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Photoprotection</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.39</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1076</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4446</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>25677</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>162</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title><pii><json:string>S0921-5107(00)00663-2</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>79</volume><pii><json:string>S0921-5107(00)X0068-2</json:string></pii><pages><last>174</last><first>165</first></pages><issn><json:string>0921-5107</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Materials Science & Engineering B</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>physics, condensed matter</json:string><json:string>materials science, multidisciplinary</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>physics & astronomy</json:string><json:string>applied physics</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences exactes et technologie</json:string><json:string>chimie</json:string><json:string>chimie generale et chimie physique</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2</json:string></doi><id>A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: X-ray diffractograms of ZnO films deposited at different conditions: (a) r.f. power, 1.9 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa; oxygen partial pressure, 0.1 Pa. (b) r.f. power, 0.64 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa; oxygen partial pressure, 0.3 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Variation of the O/Zn atomic ratio versus oxygen partial pressure (r.f. power, 0.64 W cm−2) in ZnO films deposited at different pressures: (♦) 1 Pa; ( ) 5 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: FTIR spectra of ZnO films deposited at different oxygen partial pressures (r.f. power, 1.9 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa): (a) 0.4 Pa; (b) 0.3 Pa; (c) 0.1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: SEM micrographs of ZnO films deposited at different conditions, the r.f. power, oxygen partial pressure and total pressure are, respectively: (a) 0.38 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa. (b) 1.27 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa. (c) 1.9 W cm−2; 0.05 and 1 Pa. (d) 1.9 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Calculated optical constants (n and k) of ZnOx films elaborated at different sputtering parameters (r.f. power, 1.27 W cm−2), the oxygen partial pressure and the total pressure are, respectively: (♦) 0.01 and 1 Pa; ( ) 0.05 and 1 Pa; ( ) 0.01 and 5 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Dependence of intrinsic stresses in ZnO coatings on power density; the oxygen partial pressure and the total pressure are, respectively: ( ) 0.01 and 5 Pa; (○) 0.1 and 1 Pa; (♦) 0.01 and 1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Gain in adhesion (in %) for ZnO coatings on PET films due to different plasma treatments: (1) Ar; (2) Ar+2% O2; (3) Ar+10% O2; (4) Ar+20% O2; (5) CO2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Variation of the peel energy of the PET/ZnO assemblies versus r.f. power (oxygen partial pressure, 0.01 Pa; total pressure: (◊) 1 Pa, ( ) 5 Pa).</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: Variation of the O2 permeation to oxygen coefficient of PET/ZnO assemblies versus the thickness of the coating.</note><note type="content">Fig. 10: FTIR spectra of ZnO coated PET film, (a) carbonyl region, (b) hydroxyl region; the irradiation times were (a) 0 h, (b) 25 h, (c) 41 h, (d) 76 h, (e) 126 h, (f) 180 h, (g) 250 h, (h) 281 h, (i) 331 h.</note><note type="content">Fig. 11: Variation of the absorbance at 1780 cm−1 versus irradiation time for (a) a virgin PET film and for PET films coated with ZnO deposits of different thicknesses (b) 50 nm; (c) 100 nm; (d) 180 nm; (e) 250 nm; (f) 500 nm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 12: Variation of the absorbance at 1780 cm−1 of PET films coated with ZnO deposits elaborated under various conditions; the oxygen partial pressure, the total pressure and the r.f. power are, respectively: (a) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 0.38 W cm−2; (b) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 0.64 W cm−2; (c) 0.05 and 1 Pa, 1.27 W cm−2; (d) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 1.27 W cm−2.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Refractive index of ZnO deposits versus the thickness (at λ=632.8 nm)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Optical band gap energy of ZnO deposits versus the sputtering parameters</note><note type="content">Table 3: Thermal stresses in ZnO deposits versus the elaboration conditions</note><note type="content">Table 4: Variation of the intrinsic stresses in ZnO coatings with the thickness of the deposit</note><note type="content">Table 5: Dependence of the ZnO fragment widths on the nature of the PET plasma treatment (PET film elongation: 30%)</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">E.M.</forename><surname>Bachari</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Ben Amor</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><affiliation>Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisie</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename><surname>Baud</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Jacquet</surname></persName><email>jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</email><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2</idno><idno type="PII">S0921-5107(00)00663-2</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Materials Science & Engineering B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">MSB</title><idno type="pISSN">0921-5107</idno><idno type="PII">S0921-5107(00)X0068-2</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="174">174</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Zinc oxide</term></item><item><term>Coating</term></item><item><term>Sputtering</term></item><item><term>Cold plasma</term></item><item><term>Adhesion</term></item><item><term>Photoprotection</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr9" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr9"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr10" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr10"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr11" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr11"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr12" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr12"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>MSB</jid><aid>4032</aid><ce:pii>S0921-5107(00)00663-2</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Bachari</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Ben Amor</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Baud</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Jacquet</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisie</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="26" month="1" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Zinc oxide</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Coating</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Sputtering</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Cold plasma</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Adhesion</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Photoprotection</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Photoprotective zinc oxide coatings on polyethylene terephthalate films</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E.M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bachari</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ben Amor</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><affiliation>Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisie</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Baud</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jacquet</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, UPRES A 6002, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France</affiliation><affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-437-407331; fax: +33-473-407108</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: jacquet@chimtp.univ-bpclermont.fr</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Zinc oxide coatings have been deposited on polyethylene terephthalate by r.f. magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target in different argon–oxygen mixtures. The influence of the sputtering parameters on the properties of the coatings was studied. It was found that ZnO deposits crystallize in the würtzite phase and that the crystallinity decreased when the oxygen partial pressure increased. The composition and the optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap) of the ZnO films were varied over a wide range depending on sputtering parameters. In addition, the ZnO films grow under a state of compression, which is mainly due to the internal defects. The stress increased with the sputtered particles energy. The better adhesion between the coating and the polymer induced by cold plasma treatments and the influence of the sputtering conditions were also studied. The permeability to oxygen was limited and the PET photo-oxidation rate was strongly reduced once the polymer had been coated with ZnO layers prepared under optimal conditions.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: X-ray diffractograms of ZnO films deposited at different conditions: (a) r.f. power, 1.9 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa; oxygen partial pressure, 0.1 Pa. (b) r.f. power, 0.64 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa; oxygen partial pressure, 0.3 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Variation of the O/Zn atomic ratio versus oxygen partial pressure (r.f. power, 0.64 W cm−2) in ZnO films deposited at different pressures: (♦) 1 Pa; ( ) 5 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: FTIR spectra of ZnO films deposited at different oxygen partial pressures (r.f. power, 1.9 W cm−2; total pressure, 1 Pa): (a) 0.4 Pa; (b) 0.3 Pa; (c) 0.1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: SEM micrographs of ZnO films deposited at different conditions, the r.f. power, oxygen partial pressure and total pressure are, respectively: (a) 0.38 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa. (b) 1.27 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa. (c) 1.9 W cm−2; 0.05 and 1 Pa. (d) 1.9 W cm−2; 0.01 and 1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Calculated optical constants (n and k) of ZnOx films elaborated at different sputtering parameters (r.f. power, 1.27 W cm−2), the oxygen partial pressure and the total pressure are, respectively: (♦) 0.01 and 1 Pa; ( ) 0.05 and 1 Pa; ( ) 0.01 and 5 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Dependence of intrinsic stresses in ZnO coatings on power density; the oxygen partial pressure and the total pressure are, respectively: ( ) 0.01 and 5 Pa; (○) 0.1 and 1 Pa; (♦) 0.01 and 1 Pa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Gain in adhesion (in %) for ZnO coatings on PET films due to different plasma treatments: (1) Ar; (2) Ar+2% O2; (3) Ar+10% O2; (4) Ar+20% O2; (5) CO2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Variation of the peel energy of the PET/ZnO assemblies versus r.f. power (oxygen partial pressure, 0.01 Pa; total pressure: (◊) 1 Pa, ( ) 5 Pa).</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: Variation of the O2 permeation to oxygen coefficient of PET/ZnO assemblies versus the thickness of the coating.</note><note type="content">Fig. 10: FTIR spectra of ZnO coated PET film, (a) carbonyl region, (b) hydroxyl region; the irradiation times were (a) 0 h, (b) 25 h, (c) 41 h, (d) 76 h, (e) 126 h, (f) 180 h, (g) 250 h, (h) 281 h, (i) 331 h.</note><note type="content">Fig. 11: Variation of the absorbance at 1780 cm−1 versus irradiation time for (a) a virgin PET film and for PET films coated with ZnO deposits of different thicknesses (b) 50 nm; (c) 100 nm; (d) 180 nm; (e) 250 nm; (f) 500 nm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 12: Variation of the absorbance at 1780 cm−1 of PET films coated with ZnO deposits elaborated under various conditions; the oxygen partial pressure, the total pressure and the r.f. power are, respectively: (a) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 0.38 W cm−2; (b) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 0.64 W cm−2; (c) 0.05 and 1 Pa, 1.27 W cm−2; (d) 0.01 and 1 Pa, 1.27 W cm−2.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Refractive index of ZnO deposits versus the thickness (at λ=632.8 nm)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Optical band gap energy of ZnO deposits versus the sputtering parameters</note><note type="content">Table 3: Thermal stresses in ZnO deposits versus the elaboration conditions</note><note type="content">Table 4: Variation of the intrinsic stresses in ZnO coatings with the thickness of the deposit</note><note type="content">Table 5: Dependence of the ZnO fragment widths on the nature of the PET plasma treatment (PET film elongation: 30%)</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Zinc oxide</topic><topic>Coating</topic><topic>Sputtering</topic><topic>Cold plasma</topic><topic>Adhesion</topic><topic>Photoprotection</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Materials Science & Engineering B</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>MSB</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20010122</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0921-5107</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0921-5107(00)X0068-2</identifier><part><date>20010122</date><detail type="volume"><number>79</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>91</start><end>189</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>165</start><end>174</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">A1684AB3E8C7664D062B6338223FAEB11F40DB3F</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00663-2</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0921-5107(00)00663-2</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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