Spatial Distribution of SO2, NO2, and O3 Concentrations in an Industrial City of Turkey Using a Passive Sampling Method
Identifieur interne : 001342 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001341; suivant : 001343Spatial Distribution of SO2, NO2, and O3 Concentrations in an Industrial City of Turkey Using a Passive Sampling Method
Auteurs : Beyhan Pekey ; Ümmiye ÖzaslanSource :
- CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water [ 1863-0650 ] ; 2013-05.
English descriptors
Abstract
Ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were measured at 51 sampling points by passive sampling technique in Kocaeli, an important industrial city in Turkey. Samples were analyzed by UV‐spectrophotometry for NO2 and O3 and by ion chromatography for SO2, respectively. Concentrations of SO2, NO2, and O3 were determined to investigate their spatial distribution and source characterization. The sampling campaigns revealed an average concentration of 8 µg/m3 (max. 82 µg/m3) for SO2, and 14 µg/m3 (max. 40 µg/m3) for NO2, in summer; while average winter concentrations were 25 µg/m3 (max. 61 µg/m3) for SO2, and 50 µg/m3 (max. 100 µg/m3) for NO2. The maximum ozone concentrations were determined to be 86 µg/m3 in summer and 61 µg/m3 in winter downwind of the source areas of the precursor pollutant emissions. The results showed that NO2 and SO2 concentrations in industrial and urban areas were two to four times higher compared with rural areas in the summer and winter. In the light of the information obtained from the spatial interpolation of the pollutant concentrations, a selection of appropriate locations for continuous monitoring was suggested according to the European Community (EU) directives.
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DOI: 10.1002/clen.201200172
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ISTEX:426D36AA75275C8CC16F7F28A974ECE9699AF268Le document en format XML
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Samples were analyzed by UV‐spectrophotometry for NO2 and O3 and by ion chromatography for SO2, respectively. Concentrations of SO2, NO2, and O3 were determined to investigate their spatial distribution and source characterization. The sampling campaigns revealed an average concentration of 8 µg/m3 (max. 82 µg/m3) for SO2, and 14 µg/m3 (max. 40 µg/m3) for NO2, in summer; while average winter concentrations were 25 µg/m3 (max. 61 µg/m3) for SO2, and 50 µg/m3 (max. 100 µg/m3) for NO2. The maximum ozone concentrations were determined to be 86 µg/m3 in summer and 61 µg/m3 in winter downwind of the source areas of the precursor pollutant emissions. The results showed that NO2 and SO2 concentrations in industrial and urban areas were two to four times higher compared with rural areas in the summer and winter. 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KGaA, Weinheim</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2012-04-11"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2012-07-17"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2012-08-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:3.2.0 mode:FullText" date="2013-04-16"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2013-01-11"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2013-04-16"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2013-01-11"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-02"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">423</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">428</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41380 Kocaeli, Turkey</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:CLEN.CLEN201200172.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="6"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="27"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="5110"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Spatial Distribution of SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>3</sub> Concentrations in an Industrial City of Turkey Using a Passive Sampling Method</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Spatial Distribution of SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>3</sub> Concentrations</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Beyhan</givenNames><familyName>Pekey</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>bpekey@kocaeli.edu.tr</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Ümmiye</givenNames><familyName>Özaslan</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="TR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">Nitrogen dioxide</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">Ozone</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">Seasonal variation</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">Sulfur dioxide</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">Urban air pollution</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) were measured at 51 sampling points by passive sampling technique in Kocaeli, an important industrial city in Turkey. Samples were analyzed by UV‐spectrophotometry for NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> and by ion chromatography for SO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Concentrations of SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>3</sub> were determined to investigate their spatial distribution and source characterization. The sampling campaigns revealed an average concentration of 8 µg/m<sup>3</sup> (max. 82 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) for SO<sub>2</sub>, and 14 µg/m<sup>3</sup> (max. 40 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) for NO<sub>2</sub>, in summer; while average winter concentrations were 25 µg/m<sup>3</sup> (max. 61 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) for SO<sub>2</sub>, and 50 µg/m<sup>3</sup> (max. 100 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) for NO<sub>2</sub>. The maximum ozone concentrations were determined to be 86 µg/m<sup>3</sup> in summer and 61 µg/m<sup>3</sup> in winter downwind of the source areas of the precursor pollutant emissions. The results showed that NO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in industrial and urban areas were two to four times higher compared with rural areas in the summer and winter. In the light of the information obtained from the spatial interpolation of the pollutant concentrations, a selection of appropriate locations for continuous monitoring was suggested according to the European Community (EU) directives.</p></abstract><abstract type="graphical" xml:lang="en"><p>The results clearly state that a pollutant monitoring network with sampling points determined by taking into account pollutant sources and the environment which could be affected by the pollutants has a critical importance for a detailed assessment of urban air quality. 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Samples were analyzed by UV‐spectrophotometry for NO2 and O3 and by ion chromatography for SO2, respectively. Concentrations of SO2, NO2, and O3 were determined to investigate their spatial distribution and source characterization. The sampling campaigns revealed an average concentration of 8 µg/m3 (max. 82 µg/m3) for SO2, and 14 µg/m3 (max. 40 µg/m3) for NO2, in summer; while average winter concentrations were 25 µg/m3 (max. 61 µg/m3) for SO2, and 50 µg/m3 (max. 100 µg/m3) for NO2. The maximum ozone concentrations were determined to be 86 µg/m3 in summer and 61 µg/m3 in winter downwind of the source areas of the precursor pollutant emissions. The results showed that NO2 and SO2 concentrations in industrial and urban areas were two to four times higher compared with rural areas in the summer and winter. In the light of the information obtained from the spatial interpolation of the pollutant concentrations, a selection of appropriate locations for continuous monitoring was suggested according to the European Community (EU) directives.</abstract><abstract type="graphical" lang="en">The results clearly state that a pollutant monitoring network with sampling points determined by taking into account pollutant sources and the environment which could be affected by the pollutants has a critical importance for a detailed assessment of urban air quality. With such pollutant monitoring network a detailed air quality management plan could be developed and updated.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Nitrogen dioxide</topic><topic>Ozone</topic><topic>Seasonal variation</topic><topic>Sulfur dioxide</topic><topic>Urban air pollution</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Clean Soil Air Water</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1863-0650</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1863-0669</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1863-0669</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">CLEN</identifier><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>41</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>5</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>423</start><end>428</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">426D36AA75275C8CC16F7F28A974ECE9699AF268</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/clen.201200172</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">CLEN201200172</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 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