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A chemical model for the atmosphere of hot Jupiters

Identifieur interne : 000922 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000921; suivant : 000923

A chemical model for the atmosphere of hot Jupiters

Auteurs : O. Venot [France] ; Eric Hébrard [France] ; M. Agúndez [France] ; M. Dobrijevic [France] ; Franck Selsis [France] ; F. Hersant [France] ; Nicolas Iro [États-Unis] ; Roda Bounaceur [France]

Source :

RBID : Hal:hal-00764601

English descriptors

Abstract

Our purpose is to release a chemical network, and the associated rate coefficients, developed for the temperature and pressure range relevant to hot Jupiters atmospheres. Using this network, we study the vertical atmospheric composition of the two hot Jupiters (HD209458b, HD189733b) with a model that includes photolyses and vertical mixing and we produce synthetic spectra. The chemical scheme is derived from applied combustion models that have been methodically validated over a range of temperatures and pressures typical of the atmospheric layers influencing the observations of hot Jupiters. We compare the predictions obtained from this scheme with equilibrium calculations, with different schemes available in the literature that contain N-bearing species and with previously published photochemical models. Compared to other chemical schemes that were not subjected to the same systematic validation, we find significant differences whenever non-equilibrium processes take place. The deviations from the equilibrium, and thus the sensitivity to the network, are more important for HD189733b, as we assume a cooler atmosphere than for HD209458b. We found that the abundances of NH3 and HCN can vary by two orders of magnitude depending on the network, demonstrating the importance of comprehensive experimental validation. A spectral feature of NH3 at 10.5$\mu$m is sensitive to these abundance variations and thus to the chemical scheme. Due to the influence of the kinetics, we recommend the use of a validated scheme to model the chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres. Our network is robust for temperatures within 300-2500K and pressures from 10mbar up to a few hundreds of bars, for species made of C,H,O,N. It is validated for species up to 2 carbon atoms and for the main nitrogen species.

Url:
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219310

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Hal:hal-00764601

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<country>France</country>
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<name sortKey="Iro, Nicolas" sort="Iro, Nicolas" uniqKey="Iro N" first="Nicolas" last="Iro">Nicolas Iro</name>
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<country>États-Unis</country>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Bounaceur, Roda" sort="Bounaceur, Roda" uniqKey="Bounaceur R" first="Roda" last="Bounaceur">Roda Bounaceur</name>
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<orgName>Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés</orgName>
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<date type="start">2013-01-01</date>
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<addrLine>Université de Lorraine - ENSIC, 1 rue de Grandville BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
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<orgName>Université de Lorraine</orgName>
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<addrLine>34 cours Léopold - CS 25233 - 54052 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
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<country>France</country>
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<settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Metz</settlement>
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<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
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<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
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<idno type="DOI">10.1051/0004-6361/201219310</idno>
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<title level="j">Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0004-6361</idno>
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<date type="datePub">2012</date>
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<term>astrochemistry</term>
<term>planetary systems</term>
<term>planets and satellites: atmospheres</term>
<term>planets and satellites: individual: HD 189733b</term>
<term>planets and satellites: individual: HD 209458b</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Our purpose is to release a chemical network, and the associated rate coefficients, developed for the temperature and pressure range relevant to hot Jupiters atmospheres. Using this network, we study the vertical atmospheric composition of the two hot Jupiters (HD209458b, HD189733b) with a model that includes photolyses and vertical mixing and we produce synthetic spectra. The chemical scheme is derived from applied combustion models that have been methodically validated over a range of temperatures and pressures typical of the atmospheric layers influencing the observations of hot Jupiters. We compare the predictions obtained from this scheme with equilibrium calculations, with different schemes available in the literature that contain N-bearing species and with previously published photochemical models. Compared to other chemical schemes that were not subjected to the same systematic validation, we find significant differences whenever non-equilibrium processes take place. The deviations from the equilibrium, and thus the sensitivity to the network, are more important for HD189733b, as we assume a cooler atmosphere than for HD209458b. We found that the abundances of NH3 and HCN can vary by two orders of magnitude depending on the network, demonstrating the importance of comprehensive experimental validation. A spectral feature of NH3 at 10.5$\mu$m is sensitive to these abundance variations and thus to the chemical scheme. Due to the influence of the kinetics, we recommend the use of a validated scheme to model the chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres. Our network is robust for temperatures within 300-2500K and pressures from 10mbar up to a few hundreds of bars, for species made of C,H,O,N. It is validated for species up to 2 carbon atoms and for the main nitrogen species.</div>
</front>
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