Trace Element Distribution in Selected Edible Tissues of Zebu (Bos indicus) Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma, SW Ethiopia
Identifieur interne : 000454 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000453; suivant : 000455Trace Element Distribution in Selected Edible Tissues of Zebu (Bos indicus) Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma, SW Ethiopia
Auteurs : Veronique Dermauw [Belgique] ; Marta Lopéz Alonso [Espagne] ; Luc Duchateau [Belgique] ; Gijs Du Laing [Belgique] ; Tadele Tolosa [Éthiopie, Belgique] ; Ellen Dierenfeld [États-Unis] ; Marcus Clauss [Suisse] ; Geert Paul Jules Janssens [Belgique]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The amount of trace elements present in edible bovine tissues is of importance for both animal health and human nutrition. This study presents data on trace element concentrations in semitendinosus and cardiac muscles, livers and kidneys of 60 zebu (
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085300
PubMed: 24465529
PubMed Central: 3897408
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Trace Element Distribution in Selected Edible Tissues of Zebu (<italic>Bos indicus</italic>) Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma, SW Ethiopia</title><author><name sortKey="Dermauw, Veronique" sort="Dermauw, Veronique" uniqKey="Dermauw V" first="Veronique" last="Dermauw">Veronique Dermauw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Alonso, Marta" sort="Lopez Alonso, Marta" uniqKey="Lopez Alonso M" first="Marta" last="Lopéz Alonso">Marta Lopéz Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Departemento de Patoloxía Animal, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Departemento de Patoloxía Animal, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duchateau, Luc" sort="Duchateau, Luc" uniqKey="Duchateau L" first="Luc" last="Duchateau">Luc Duchateau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du Laing, Gijs" sort="Du Laing, Gijs" uniqKey="Du Laing G" first="Gijs" last="Du Laing">Gijs Du Laing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, Tadele" sort="Tolosa, Tadele" uniqKey="Tolosa T" first="Tadele" last="Tolosa">Tadele Tolosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Jimma University, Jimma</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>M-team and Mastitis Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>M-team and Mastitis Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dierenfeld, Ellen" sort="Dierenfeld, Ellen" uniqKey="Dierenfeld E" first="Ellen" last="Dierenfeld">Ellen Dierenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Adjunct Faculty, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Adjunct Faculty, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clauss, Marcus" sort="Clauss, Marcus" uniqKey="Clauss M" first="Marcus" last="Clauss">Marcus Clauss</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, Geert Paul Jules" sort="Janssens, Geert Paul Jules" uniqKey="Janssens G" first="Geert Paul Jules" last="Janssens">Geert Paul Jules Janssens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24465529</idno><idno type="pmc">3897408</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897408</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3897408</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085300</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000455</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000455</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000454</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000454</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Trace Element Distribution in Selected Edible Tissues of Zebu (<italic>Bos indicus</italic>) Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma, SW Ethiopia</title><author><name sortKey="Dermauw, Veronique" sort="Dermauw, Veronique" uniqKey="Dermauw V" first="Veronique" last="Dermauw">Veronique Dermauw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Alonso, Marta" sort="Lopez Alonso, Marta" uniqKey="Lopez Alonso M" first="Marta" last="Lopéz Alonso">Marta Lopéz Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Departemento de Patoloxía Animal, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Departemento de Patoloxía Animal, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duchateau, Luc" sort="Duchateau, Luc" uniqKey="Duchateau L" first="Luc" last="Duchateau">Luc Duchateau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du Laing, Gijs" sort="Du Laing, Gijs" uniqKey="Du Laing G" first="Gijs" last="Du Laing">Gijs Du Laing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, Tadele" sort="Tolosa, Tadele" uniqKey="Tolosa T" first="Tadele" last="Tolosa">Tadele Tolosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Jimma University, Jimma</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>M-team and Mastitis Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>M-team and Mastitis Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dierenfeld, Ellen" sort="Dierenfeld, Ellen" uniqKey="Dierenfeld E" first="Ellen" last="Dierenfeld">Ellen Dierenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Adjunct Faculty, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Adjunct Faculty, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clauss, Marcus" sort="Clauss, Marcus" uniqKey="Clauss M" first="Marcus" last="Clauss">Marcus Clauss</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, Geert Paul Jules" sort="Janssens, Geert Paul Jules" uniqKey="Janssens G" first="Geert Paul Jules" last="Janssens">Geert Paul Jules Janssens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The amount of trace elements present in edible bovine tissues is of importance for both animal health and human nutrition. This study presents data on trace element concentrations in semitendinosus and cardiac muscles, livers and kidneys of 60 zebu (<italic>Bos indicus</italic>) bulls, sampled at Jimma, Ethiopia. From 28 of these bulls, blood samples were also obtained. Deficient levels of copper were found in plasma, livers, kidneys and semitendinosus muscles. Suboptimal selenium concentrations were found in plasma and semitendinosus muscles. Semitendinosus muscles contained high iron concentrations. Trace elements were mainly stored in the liver, except for iron and selenium. Cardiac muscles generally contained higher concentrations of trace elements than semitendinous muscles except for zinc. A strong association was found between liver and kidney concentrations of copper, iron, cobalt and molybdenum. Liver storage was well correlated with storage in semitendinosus muscle for selenium and with cardiac muscle for cobalt and selenium. Plasma concentrations of copper, selenium, cobalt were well related with their respective liver concentrations and for cobalt and selenium, also with cardiac muscle concentrations. The data suggest multiple trace element deficiencies in zebu cattle in South-West Ethiopia, with lowered tissue concentrations as a consequence. Based on the comparison of our data with other literature, trace element concentrations in selected edible tissues of <italic>Bos indicus</italic> seem quite similar to those in <italic>Bos taurus</italic>. However, tissue threshold values for deficiency in <italic>Bos taurus</italic> cattle need to be refined and their applicability for <italic>Bos indicus</italic> cattle needs to be evaluated.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amare, B" uniqKey="Amare B">B Amare</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moges, B" uniqKey="Moges B">B Moges</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fantahun, B" uniqKey="Fantahun B">B Fantahun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tafess, K" uniqKey="Tafess K">K Tafess</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woldeyohannes, D" uniqKey="Woldeyohannes D">D Woldeyohannes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Berger, Mm" uniqKey="Berger M">MM Berger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dermauw, V" uniqKey="Dermauw V">V Dermauw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yisehak, K" 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24465529</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3897408</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-22403</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085300</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Agriculture</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Management</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Nutrition</subject><subject>Animal Performance</subject><subject>Animal Production</subject><subject>Animal Welfare</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subj-group><subject>Metabolism</subject><subj-group><subject>Tissue Distribution</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Zoology</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Physiology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Chemistry</subject><subj-group><subject>Analytical Chemistry</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Veterinary Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Management</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Nutrition</subject><subject>Animal Production</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Animal Types</subject><subj-group><subject>Large Animals</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Veterinary Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Veterinary Diagnostics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Trace Element Distribution in Selected Edible Tissues of Zebu (<italic>Bos indicus</italic>) Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma, SW Ethiopia</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Trace Element Distribution in Zebu Tissue</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dermauw</surname><given-names>Veronique</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lopéz Alonso</surname><given-names>Marta</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Duchateau</surname><given-names>Luc</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Du Laing</surname><given-names>Gijs</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tolosa</surname><given-names>Tadele</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dierenfeld</surname><given-names>Ellen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clauss</surname><given-names>Marcus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Janssens</surname><given-names>Geert Paul Jules</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Departemento de Patoloxía Animal, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><addr-line>School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><addr-line>M-team and Mastitis Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><addr-line>Adjunct Faculty, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label><addr-line>Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Ambrosio</surname><given-names>Carlos Eduardo</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil, Brazil</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>veronique.dermauw@ugent.be</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: VD GPJJ ED MC. Performed the experiments: VD TT. Analyzed the data: VD LD MLA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GDL. Wrote the paper: VD.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e85300</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day><month>5</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Dermauw et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>The amount of trace elements present in edible bovine tissues is of importance for both animal health and human nutrition. This study presents data on trace element concentrations in semitendinosus and cardiac muscles, livers and kidneys of 60 zebu (<italic>Bos indicus</italic>) bulls, sampled at Jimma, Ethiopia. From 28 of these bulls, blood samples were also obtained. Deficient levels of copper were found in plasma, livers, kidneys and semitendinosus muscles. Suboptimal selenium concentrations were found in plasma and semitendinosus muscles. Semitendinosus muscles contained high iron concentrations. Trace elements were mainly stored in the liver, except for iron and selenium. Cardiac muscles generally contained higher concentrations of trace elements than semitendinous muscles except for zinc. A strong association was found between liver and kidney concentrations of copper, iron, cobalt and molybdenum. Liver storage was well correlated with storage in semitendinosus muscle for selenium and with cardiac muscle for cobalt and selenium. Plasma concentrations of copper, selenium, cobalt were well related with their respective liver concentrations and for cobalt and selenium, also with cardiac muscle concentrations. The data suggest multiple trace element deficiencies in zebu cattle in South-West Ethiopia, with lowered tissue concentrations as a consequence. Based on the comparison of our data with other literature, trace element concentrations in selected edible tissues of <italic>Bos indicus</italic> seem quite similar to those in <italic>Bos taurus</italic>. However, tissue threshold values for deficiency in <italic>Bos taurus</italic> cattle need to be refined and their applicability for <italic>Bos indicus</italic> cattle needs to be evaluated.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This research was performed within the doctoral research project of Veronique Dermauw, funded by the Agency for the Promotion of Innovation through Science in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen), grant no. 093348. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="8"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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