PowerPoint® Presentation Flaws and Failures: A Psychological Analysis
Identifieur interne : 000415 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000414; suivant : 000416PowerPoint® Presentation Flaws and Failures: A Psychological Analysis
Auteurs : Stephen M. Kosslyn [États-Unis] ; Rogier A. Kievit [Pays-Bas] ; Alexandra G. Russell [États-Unis] ; Jennifer M. Shephard [États-Unis]Source :
- Frontiers in Psychology [ 1664-1078 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Electronic slideshow presentations are often faulted anecdotally, but little empirical work has documented their faults. In Study 1 we found that eight psychological principles are often violated in PowerPoint® slideshows, and are violated to similar extents across different fields – for example, academic research slideshows generally were no better or worse than business slideshows. In Study 2 we found that respondents reported having noticed, and having been annoyed by, specific problems in presentations arising from violations of particular psychological principles. Finally, in Study 3 we showed that observers are not highly accurate in recognizing when particular slides violated a specific psychological rule. Furthermore, even when they correctly identified the violation, they often could not explain the nature of the problem. In sum, the psychological foundations for effective slideshow presentation design are neither obvious nor necessarily intuitive, and presentation designers in all fields, from education to business to government, could benefit from explicit instruction in relevant aspects of psychology.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00230
PubMed: 22822402
PubMed Central: 3398435
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">PowerPoint<sup>®</sup> Presentation Flaws and Failures: A Psychological Analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Kosslyn, Stephen M" sort="Kosslyn, Stephen M" uniqKey="Kosslyn S" first="Stephen M." last="Kosslyn">Stephen M. Kosslyn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA USA</country></nlm:aff><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea></wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kievit, Rogier A" sort="Kievit, Rogier A" uniqKey="Kievit R" first="Rogier A." last="Kievit">Rogier A. Kievit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam</institution><country>Amsterdam, Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Alexandra G" sort="Russell, Alexandra G" uniqKey="Russell A" first="Alexandra G." last="Russell">Alexandra G. Russell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Department of Psychology, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shephard, Jennifer M" sort="Shephard, Jennifer M" uniqKey="Shephard J" first="Jennifer M." last="Shephard">Jennifer M. Shephard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Division of Social Science, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22822402</idno><idno type="pmc">3398435</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398435</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3398435</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00230</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000415</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000415</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">PowerPoint<sup>®</sup> Presentation Flaws and Failures: A Psychological Analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Kosslyn, Stephen M" sort="Kosslyn, Stephen M" uniqKey="Kosslyn S" first="Stephen M." last="Kosslyn">Stephen M. Kosslyn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA USA</country></nlm:aff><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea></wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kievit, Rogier A" sort="Kievit, Rogier A" uniqKey="Kievit R" first="Rogier A." last="Kievit">Rogier A. Kievit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam</institution><country>Amsterdam, Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Alexandra G" sort="Russell, Alexandra G" uniqKey="Russell A" first="Alexandra G." last="Russell">Alexandra G. Russell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Department of Psychology, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shephard, Jennifer M" sort="Shephard, Jennifer M" uniqKey="Shephard J" first="Jennifer M." last="Shephard">Jennifer M. Shephard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Division of Social Science, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in Psychology</title><idno type="eISSN">1664-1078</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Electronic slideshow presentations are often faulted anecdotally, but little empirical work has documented their faults. In Study 1 we found that eight psychological principles are often violated in PowerPoint<sup>®</sup> slideshows, and are violated to similar extents across different fields – for example, academic research slideshows generally were no better or worse than business slideshows. In Study 2 we found that respondents reported having noticed, and having been annoyed by, specific problems in presentations arising from violations of particular psychological principles. Finally, in Study 3 we showed that observers are not highly accurate in recognizing when particular slides violated a specific psychological rule. Furthermore, even when they correctly identified the violation, they often could not explain the nature of the problem. In sum, the psychological foundations for effective slideshow presentation design are neither obvious nor necessarily intuitive, and presentation designers in all fields, from education to business to government, could benefit from explicit instruction in relevant aspects of psychology.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Allen, R C" uniqKey="Allen R">R. C. Allen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rubin, M L" uniqKey="Rubin M">M. L. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Psychol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Psychol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Front. Psychology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers in Psychology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1664-1078</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Frontiers Research Foundation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22822402</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3398435</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00230</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Psychology</subject><subj-group><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>PowerPoint<sup>®</sup> Presentation Flaws and Failures: A Psychological Analysis</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kosslyn</surname><given-names>Stephen M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn001">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kievit</surname><given-names>Rogier A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Russell</surname><given-names>Alexandra G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shephard</surname><given-names>Jennifer M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup><institution>Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA USA</country></aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>2</sup><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam</institution><country>Amsterdam, Netherlands</country></aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>3</sup><institution>Department of Psychology, Stanford University</institution><country>Stanford, CA, USA</country></aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>4</sup><institution>Division of Social Science, Harvard University</institution><country>Cambridge, MA, USA</country></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by: Roger Azevedo, McGill University, Canada</p></fn><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Reviewed by: Ying Xie, Lewis University, USA; Marcus Lee Johnson, University of Cincinnati, USA</p></fn><corresp id="fn001">*Correspondence: Stephen M. Kosslyn, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 75 Alta Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. e-mail: <email xlink:type="simple">skosslyn@stanford.edu</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" id="fn002"><p>This article was submitted to Frontiers in Educational Psychology, a specialty of Frontiers in Psychology.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>15</day><month>2</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>7</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><elocation-id>230</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>19</day><month>1</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>19</day><month>6</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012 Kosslyn, Kievit, Russell and Shephard.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</uri>, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Electronic slideshow presentations are often faulted anecdotally, but little empirical work has documented their faults. In Study 1 we found that eight psychological principles are often violated in PowerPoint<sup>®</sup> slideshows, and are violated to similar extents across different fields – for example, academic research slideshows generally were no better or worse than business slideshows. In Study 2 we found that respondents reported having noticed, and having been annoyed by, specific problems in presentations arising from violations of particular psychological principles. Finally, in Study 3 we showed that observers are not highly accurate in recognizing when particular slides violated a specific psychological rule. Furthermore, even when they correctly identified the violation, they often could not explain the nature of the problem. In sum, the psychological foundations for effective slideshow presentation design are neither obvious nor necessarily intuitive, and presentation designers in all fields, from education to business to government, could benefit from explicit instruction in relevant aspects of psychology.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>PowerPoint<sup>®</sup></kwd><kwd>electronic slide show</kwd><kwd>presentation graphics</kwd><kwd>visual display design</kwd><kwd>clear communication</kwd><kwd>educational media</kwd><kwd>conveying information</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="3"></fig-count><table-count count="7"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="72"></ref-count><page-count count="22"></page-count><word-count count="17326"></word-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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