Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in V-Ti Magnetite Mine Tailing Soil from Panzhihua, China
Identifieur interne : 000030 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000029; suivant : 000031Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in V-Ti Magnetite Mine Tailing Soil from Panzhihua, China
Auteurs : Xiumei Yu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yanmei Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Chu Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Huiying Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Jin Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Wenwen Zheng [République populaire de Chine] ; Xia Kang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xuejun Leng [République populaire de Chine] ; Ke Zhao [République populaire de Chine] ; Yunfu Gu [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiaoping Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Quanju Xiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Qiang Chen [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
To provide a basis for using indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the heavy metal resistance and plant growth-promoting activity of 136 isolates from V-Ti magnetite mine tailing soil were systematically analyzed. Among the 13 identified bacterial genera, the most abundant genus was
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106618
PubMed: 25188470
PubMed Central: 4154735
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Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leng, Xuejun" sort="Leng, Xuejun" uniqKey="Leng X" first="Xuejun" last="Leng">Xuejun Leng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Environmental Monitoring Station, Panzhihua Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Panzhihua, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Environmental Monitoring Station, Panzhihua Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Panzhihua</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Ke" sort="Zhao, Ke" uniqKey="Zhao K" first="Ke" last="Zhao">Ke Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gu, Yunfu" sort="Gu, Yunfu" uniqKey="Gu Y" first="Yunfu" last="Gu">Yunfu Gu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Xiaoping" sort="Zhang, Xiaoping" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xiaoping" last="Zhang">Xiaoping Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiang, Quanju" sort="Xiang, Quanju" uniqKey="Xiang Q" first="Quanju" last="Xiang">Quanju Xiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Qiang" sort="Chen, Qiang" uniqKey="Chen Q" first="Qiang" last="Chen">Qiang Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25188470</idno><idno type="pmc">4154735</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154735</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4154735</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0106618</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000030</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000030</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000030</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000030</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in V-Ti Magnetite Mine Tailing Soil from Panzhihua, China</title><author><name sortKey="Yu, Xiumei" sort="Yu, Xiumei" uniqKey="Yu X" first="Xiumei" last="Yu">Xiumei Yu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yanmei" sort="Li, Yanmei" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yanmei" last="Li">Yanmei Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Chu" sort="Zhang, Chu" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Chu" last="Zhang">Chu Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Huiying" sort="Liu, Huiying" uniqKey="Liu H" first="Huiying" last="Liu">Huiying Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Jin" sort="Liu, Jin" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jin" last="Liu">Jin Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Wenwen" sort="Zheng, Wenwen" uniqKey="Zheng W" first="Wenwen" last="Zheng">Wenwen Zheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Xia" sort="Kang, Xia" uniqKey="Kang X" first="Xia" last="Kang">Xia Kang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leng, Xuejun" sort="Leng, Xuejun" uniqKey="Leng X" first="Xuejun" last="Leng">Xuejun Leng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Environmental Monitoring Station, Panzhihua Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Panzhihua, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Environmental Monitoring Station, Panzhihua Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Panzhihua</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Ke" sort="Zhao, Ke" uniqKey="Zhao K" first="Ke" last="Zhao">Ke Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gu, Yunfu" sort="Gu, Yunfu" uniqKey="Gu Y" first="Yunfu" last="Gu">Yunfu Gu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Xiaoping" sort="Zhang, Xiaoping" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xiaoping" last="Zhang">Xiaoping Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiang, Quanju" sort="Xiang, Quanju" uniqKey="Xiang Q" first="Quanju" last="Xiang">Quanju Xiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Qiang" sort="Chen, Qiang" uniqKey="Chen Q" first="Qiang" last="Chen">Qiang Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>To provide a basis for using indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the heavy metal resistance and plant growth-promoting activity of 136 isolates from V-Ti magnetite mine tailing soil were systematically analyzed. Among the 13 identified bacterial genera, the most abundant genus was <italic>Bacillus</italic> (79 isolates) out of which 32 represented <italic>B. subtilis</italic> and 14 <italic>B. pumilus</italic>, followed by <italic>Rhizobium</italic> sp. (29 isolates) and <italic>Ochrobactrum intermedium</italic> (13 isolates). Altogether 93 isolates tolerated the highest concentration (1000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) of at least one of the six tested heavy metals. Five strains were tolerant against all the tested heavy metals, 71 strains tolerated 1,000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> cadmium whereas only one strain tolerated 1,000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> cobalt. Altogether 67% of the bacteria produced indoleacetic acid (IAA), a plant growth-promoting phytohormone. The concentration of IAA produced by 53 isolates was higher than 20 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>. In total 21% of the bacteria produced siderophore (5.50–167.67 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>) with two <italic>Bacillus</italic> sp. producing more than 100 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>. Eighteen isolates produced both IAA and siderophore. The results suggested that the indigenous bacteria in the soil have beneficial characteristics for remediating the contaminated mine tailing soil.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Neuberger, Js" uniqKey="Neuberger J">JS Neuberger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mulhall, M" uniqKey="Mulhall M">M Mulhall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pomatto, Mc" uniqKey="Pomatto M">MC Pomatto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheverbush, J" uniqKey="Sheverbush J">J Sheverbush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hassanein, Rs" uniqKey="Hassanein R">RS Hassanein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saunders, J" uniqKey="Saunders J">J Saunders</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jastrzembski, B" uniqKey="Jastrzembski B">B Jastrzembski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buckey, J" uniqKey="Buckey J">J Buckey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Enriquez, D" 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25188470</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4154735</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-20936</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0106618</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subj-group><subject>Applied Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Bioremediation</subject><subj-group><subject>Phytoremediation</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Community Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecological Remediation</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Microbial Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiome</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Soil Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Soil Ecology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in V-Ti Magnetite Mine Tailing Soil from Panzhihua, China</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant Bacteria and PGPB from Mine Tailing</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>Xiumei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Yanmei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Chu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Huiying</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Jin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zheng</surname><given-names>Wenwen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kang</surname><given-names>Xia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Leng</surname><given-names>Xuejun</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname><given-names>Ke</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gu</surname><given-names>Yunfu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Xiaoping</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xiang</surname><given-names>Quanju</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Qiang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Environmental Monitoring Station, Panzhihua Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Panzhihua, China</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Singer</surname><given-names>Andrew C.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>yuxiumeicool@163.com</email> (XY); <email>cqiang@sicau.edu.cn</email> (QC)</corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: XY QC. Performed the experiments: XY YL CZ HL JL WZ XK XL KZ QX. Analyzed the data: XY GY XZ QC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XY QC. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: XY.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>4</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>9</issue><elocation-id>e106618</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>29</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Yu et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>To provide a basis for using indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the heavy metal resistance and plant growth-promoting activity of 136 isolates from V-Ti magnetite mine tailing soil were systematically analyzed. Among the 13 identified bacterial genera, the most abundant genus was <italic>Bacillus</italic> (79 isolates) out of which 32 represented <italic>B. subtilis</italic> and 14 <italic>B. pumilus</italic>, followed by <italic>Rhizobium</italic> sp. (29 isolates) and <italic>Ochrobactrum intermedium</italic> (13 isolates). Altogether 93 isolates tolerated the highest concentration (1000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) of at least one of the six tested heavy metals. Five strains were tolerant against all the tested heavy metals, 71 strains tolerated 1,000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> cadmium whereas only one strain tolerated 1,000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> cobalt. Altogether 67% of the bacteria produced indoleacetic acid (IAA), a plant growth-promoting phytohormone. The concentration of IAA produced by 53 isolates was higher than 20 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>. In total 21% of the bacteria produced siderophore (5.50–167.67 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>) with two <italic>Bacillus</italic> sp. producing more than 100 µg ml<sup>−1</sup>. Eighteen isolates produced both IAA and siderophore. The results suggested that the indigenous bacteria in the soil have beneficial characteristics for remediating the contaminated mine tailing soil.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 31300461), Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (NO. 20135103120003), and Research Foundation for the Introduction of Talent of Sichuan Agricultural University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="8"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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