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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Valorization of date palm (<italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology – Review</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chandrasekaran, M" sort="Chandrasekaran, M" uniqKey="Chandrasekaran M" first="M." last="Chandrasekaran">M. Chandrasekaran</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bahkali, Ali H" sort="Bahkali, Ali H" uniqKey="Bahkali A" first="Ali H." last="Bahkali">Ali H. Bahkali</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23961227</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3730931</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730931</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3730931</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.004</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000489</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000489</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Valorization of date palm (<italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology – Review</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chandrasekaran, M" sort="Chandrasekaran, M" uniqKey="Chandrasekaran M" first="M." last="Chandrasekaran">M. Chandrasekaran</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bahkali, Ali H" sort="Bahkali, Ali H" uniqKey="Bahkali A" first="Ali H." last="Bahkali">Ali H. Bahkali</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1319-562X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2213-7106</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The date palm <italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
has played an important role in the day-to-day life of the people for the last 7000 years. Today worldwide production, utilization and industrialization of dates are continuously increasing since date fruits have earned great importance in human nutrition owing to their rich content of essential nutrients. Tons of date palm fruit wastes are discarded daily by the date processing industries leading to environmental problems. Wastes such as date pits represent an average of 10% of the date fruits. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable applications for this waste. In spite of several studies on date palm cultivation, their utilization and scope for utilizing date fruit in therapeutic applications, very few reviews are available and they are limited to the chemistry and pharmacology of the date fruits and phytochemical composition, nutritional significance and potential health benefits of date fruit consumption. In this context, in the present review the prospects of valorization of these date fruit processing by-products and wastes’ employing fermentation and enzyme processing technologies towards total utilization of this valuable commodity for the production of biofuels, biopolymers, biosurfactants, organic acids, antibiotics, industrial enzymes and other possible industrial chemicals are discussed.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Saudi J Biol Sci</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1319-562X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2213-7106</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23961227</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3730931</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SJBS207</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.004</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Valorization of date palm (<italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology – Review</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chandrasekaran</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<email>csanthappa@ksu.edu.sa</email>
<email>chansek10@gmail.com</email>
<xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bahkali</surname>
<given-names>Ali H.</given-names>
</name>
<email>abahkali@ksu.edu.sa</email>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff>Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, P.O. Box 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>⁎</label>
Corresponding author. Tel.: +966 14675871. <email>csanthappa@ksu.edu.sa</email>
<email>chansek10@gmail.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>11</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>105</fpage>
<lpage>120</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2013 King Saud University. Production and Hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder></copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>The date palm <italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
has played an important role in the day-to-day life of the people for the last 7000 years. Today worldwide production, utilization and industrialization of dates are continuously increasing since date fruits have earned great importance in human nutrition owing to their rich content of essential nutrients. Tons of date palm fruit wastes are discarded daily by the date processing industries leading to environmental problems. Wastes such as date pits represent an average of 10% of the date fruits. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable applications for this waste. In spite of several studies on date palm cultivation, their utilization and scope for utilizing date fruit in therapeutic applications, very few reviews are available and they are limited to the chemistry and pharmacology of the date fruits and phytochemical composition, nutritional significance and potential health benefits of date fruit consumption. In this context, in the present review the prospects of valorization of these date fruit processing by-products and wastes’ employing fermentation and enzyme processing technologies towards total utilization of this valuable commodity for the production of biofuels, biopolymers, biosurfactants, organic acids, antibiotics, industrial enzymes and other possible industrial chemicals are discussed.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Date palm</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Phoenix dactylifera</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>Fruit by-products</kwd>
<kwd>Wastes</kwd>
<kwd>Valorization</kwd>
<kwd>Bioprocessing</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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