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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Copper aerosols inhibit phytoplankton growth in the Mediterranean Sea</title><author><name sortKey="Jordi, Antoni" sort="Jordi, Antoni" uniqKey="Jordi A" first="Antoni" last="Jordi">Antoni Jordi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Basterretxea, Gotzon" sort="Basterretxea, Gotzon" uniqKey="Basterretxea G" first="Gotzon" last="Basterretxea">Gotzon Basterretxea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tovar Sanchez, Antonio" sort="Tovar Sanchez, Antonio" uniqKey="Tovar Sanchez A" first="Antonio" last="Tovar-Sánchez">Antonio Tovar-Sánchez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alastuey, Andres" sort="Alastuey, Andres" uniqKey="Alastuey A" first="Andrés" last="Alastuey">Andrés Alastuey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research,<institution>Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>, 08028 Barcelona,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Querol, Xavier" sort="Querol, Xavier" uniqKey="Querol X" first="Xavier" last="Querol">Xavier Querol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research,<institution>Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>, 08028 Barcelona,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23236141</idno><idno type="pmc">3535591</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535591</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3535591</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1207567110</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000327</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000327</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Copper aerosols inhibit phytoplankton growth in the Mediterranean Sea</title><author><name sortKey="Jordi, Antoni" sort="Jordi, Antoni" uniqKey="Jordi A" first="Antoni" last="Jordi">Antoni Jordi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Basterretxea, Gotzon" sort="Basterretxea, Gotzon" uniqKey="Basterretxea G" first="Gotzon" last="Basterretxea">Gotzon Basterretxea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tovar Sanchez, Antonio" sort="Tovar Sanchez, Antonio" uniqKey="Tovar Sanchez A" first="Antonio" last="Tovar-Sánchez">Antonio Tovar-Sánchez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff1">Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alastuey, Andres" sort="Alastuey, Andres" uniqKey="Alastuey A" first="Andrés" last="Alastuey">Andrés Alastuey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research,<institution>Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>, 08028 Barcelona,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Querol, Xavier" sort="Querol, Xavier" uniqKey="Querol X" first="Xavier" last="Querol">Xavier Querol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research,<institution>Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>, 08028 Barcelona,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Aerosol deposition plays an important role in climate and biogeochemical cycles by supplying nutrients to the open ocean, in turn stimulating ocean productivity and carbon sequestration. Aerosol particles also contain elements such as copper (Cu) that are essential in trace amounts for phytoplankton physiology but that can be toxic at high concentrations. Although the toxicity of Cu associated with aerosols has been demonstrated in bioassay experiments, extrapolation of these laboratory results to natural conditions is not straightforward. This study provides observational evidence of the negative effect of aerosols containing high Cu concentrations on marine phytoplankton over a vast region of the western Mediterranean Sea. Direct aerosol measurements were combined with satellite observations, resulting in the detection of significant declines in phytoplankton biomass after atmospheric aerosol events characterized by high Cu concentrations. The declines were more evident during summer, when nanoflagellates predominate in the phytoplankton population and stratification and oligotrophic conditions prevail in the study region. Together with previous findings concerning atmospheric Cu deposition, these results demonstrate that the toxicity of Cu-rich aerosols can involve large areas of the world’s oceans. Moreover, they highlight the present vulnerability of oceanic ecosystems to Cu-rich aerosols of anthropogenic origins. Because anthropogenic emissions are increasing, large-scale negative effects on marine ecosystems can be anticipated.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23236141</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3535591</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201207567</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1207567110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Copper aerosols inhibit phytoplankton growth in the Mediterranean Sea</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Copper aerosols inhibit phytoplankton growth</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jordi</surname><given-names>Antoni</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Basterretxea</surname><given-names>Gotzon</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tovar-Sánchez</surname><given-names>Antonio</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alastuey</surname><given-names>Andrés</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Querol</surname><given-names>Xavier</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (<institution>Universitat de les Illes Balears–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears,<country>Spain</country>; and</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research,<institution>Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</institution>, 08028 Barcelona,<country>Spain</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>toni@imedea.uib-csic.es</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Jerome Nriagu, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, and accepted by the Editorial Board November 8, 2012 (received for review May 4, 2012)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: A.J., G.B., and A.T.-S. designed research; A.J. performed research; A.A. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; A.J., G.B., A.T.-S., and X.Q. analyzed data; and A.J., G.B., A.T.-S., A.A., and X.Q. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>109</volume><issue>52</issue><fpage>21246</fpage><lpage>21249</lpage><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.201207567.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Aerosol deposition plays an important role in climate and biogeochemical cycles by supplying nutrients to the open ocean, in turn stimulating ocean productivity and carbon sequestration. Aerosol particles also contain elements such as copper (Cu) that are essential in trace amounts for phytoplankton physiology but that can be toxic at high concentrations. Although the toxicity of Cu associated with aerosols has been demonstrated in bioassay experiments, extrapolation of these laboratory results to natural conditions is not straightforward. This study provides observational evidence of the negative effect of aerosols containing high Cu concentrations on marine phytoplankton over a vast region of the western Mediterranean Sea. Direct aerosol measurements were combined with satellite observations, resulting in the detection of significant declines in phytoplankton biomass after atmospheric aerosol events characterized by high Cu concentrations. The declines were more evident during summer, when nanoflagellates predominate in the phytoplankton population and stratification and oligotrophic conditions prevail in the study region. Together with previous findings concerning atmospheric Cu deposition, these results demonstrate that the toxicity of Cu-rich aerosols can involve large areas of the world’s oceans. Moreover, they highlight the present vulnerability of oceanic ecosystems to Cu-rich aerosols of anthropogenic origins. Because anthropogenic emissions are increasing, large-scale negative effects on marine ecosystems can be anticipated.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>atmospheric dust</kwd><kwd>trace metal</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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