Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review
Identifieur interne : 000025 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000024; suivant : 000026Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review
Auteurs : Karen Coeytaux ; Eric Bey ; Doran Christensen ; Erik S. Glassman ; Becky Murdock ; Christelle DoucetSource :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Radiation overexposure accidents are rare but can have severe long-term health consequences. Although underreporting can be an issue, some extensive literature reviews of reported radiation overexposures have been performed and constitute a sound basis for conclusions on general trends. Building further on this work, we performed a systematic review that completes previous reviews and provides new information on characteristics and trends of reported radiation accidents.
We searched publications and reports from MEDLINE, EMBASE, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the International Radiation Protection Association, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site radiation accident registry over 1980-2013. We retrieved the reported overexposure cases, systematically extracted selected information, and performed a descriptive analysis.
297 out of 5189 publications and reports and 194 records from the REAC/TS registry met our eligibility criteria. From these, 634 reported radiation accidents were retrieved, involving 2390 overexposed people, of whom 190 died from their overexposure. The number of reported cases has decreased for all types of radiation use, but the medical one. 64% of retrieved overexposure cases occurred with the use of radiation therapy and fluoroscopy. Additionally, the types of reported accidents differed significantly across regions.
This review provides an updated and broader view of reported radiation overexposures. It suggests an overall decline in reported radiation overexposures over 1980-2013. The greatest share of reported overexposures occurred in the medical fields using radiation therapy and fluoroscopy; this larger number of reported overexposures accidents indicates the potential need for enhanced quality assurance programs. Our data also highlights variations in characteristics of reported accidents by region. The main limitation of this study is the likely underreporting of radiation overexposures. Ensuring a comprehensive monitoring and reporting of radiation overexposures is paramount to inform and tailor prevention interventions to local needs.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118709
PubMed: 25789482
PubMed Central: 4366065
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4366065Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review</title><author><name sortKey="Coeytaux, Karen" sort="Coeytaux, Karen" uniqKey="Coeytaux K" first="Karen" last="Coeytaux">Karen Coeytaux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Episight Consulting, Summit, New Jersey, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bey, Eric" sort="Bey, Eric" uniqKey="Bey E" first="Eric" last="Bey">Eric Bey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Percy Military Hospital, Clamart, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Doran" sort="Christensen, Doran" uniqKey="Christensen D" first="Doran" last="Christensen">Doran Christensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glassman, Erik S" sort="Glassman, Erik S" uniqKey="Glassman E" first="Erik S." last="Glassman">Erik S. Glassman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdock, Becky" sort="Murdock, Becky" uniqKey="Murdock B" first="Becky" last="Murdock">Becky Murdock</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doucet, Christelle" sort="Doucet, Christelle" uniqKey="Doucet C" first="Christelle" last="Doucet">Christelle Doucet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Celogos, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25789482</idno><idno type="pmc">4366065</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4366065</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4366065</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000025</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000025</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review</title><author><name sortKey="Coeytaux, Karen" sort="Coeytaux, Karen" uniqKey="Coeytaux K" first="Karen" last="Coeytaux">Karen Coeytaux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Episight Consulting, Summit, New Jersey, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bey, Eric" sort="Bey, Eric" uniqKey="Bey E" first="Eric" last="Bey">Eric Bey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Percy Military Hospital, Clamart, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Doran" sort="Christensen, Doran" uniqKey="Christensen D" first="Doran" last="Christensen">Doran Christensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glassman, Erik S" sort="Glassman, Erik S" uniqKey="Glassman E" first="Erik S." last="Glassman">Erik S. Glassman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdock, Becky" sort="Murdock, Becky" uniqKey="Murdock B" first="Becky" last="Murdock">Becky Murdock</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doucet, Christelle" sort="Doucet, Christelle" uniqKey="Doucet C" first="Christelle" last="Doucet">Christelle Doucet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Celogos, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Radiation overexposure accidents are rare but can have severe long-term health consequences. Although underreporting can be an issue, some extensive literature reviews of reported radiation overexposures have been performed and constitute a sound basis for conclusions on general trends. Building further on this work, we performed a systematic review that completes previous reviews and provides new information on characteristics and trends of reported radiation accidents.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>We searched publications and reports from MEDLINE, EMBASE, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the International Radiation Protection Association, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site radiation accident registry over 1980-2013. We retrieved the reported overexposure cases, systematically extracted selected information, and performed a descriptive analysis.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>297 out of 5189 publications and reports and 194 records from the REAC/TS registry met our eligibility criteria. From these, 634 reported radiation accidents were retrieved, involving 2390 overexposed people, of whom 190 died from their overexposure. The number of reported cases has decreased for all types of radiation use, but the medical one. 64% of retrieved overexposure cases occurred with the use of radiation therapy and fluoroscopy. Additionally, the types of reported accidents differed significantly across regions.</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusions</title><p>This review provides an updated and broader view of reported radiation overexposures. It suggests an overall decline in reported radiation overexposures over 1980-2013. The greatest share of reported overexposures occurred in the medical fields using radiation therapy and fluoroscopy; this larger number of reported overexposures accidents indicates the potential need for enhanced quality assurance programs. Our data also highlights variations in characteristics of reported accidents by region. The main limitation of this study is the likely underreporting of radiation overexposures. Ensuring a comprehensive monitoring and reporting of radiation overexposures is paramount to inform and tailor prevention interventions to local needs.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holmberga, O" uniqKey="Holmberga O">O Holmberga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Czarwinskia, R" uniqKey="Czarwinskia R">R Czarwinskia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mettler, F" uniqKey="Mettler F">F Mettler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mettler, Fa" uniqKey="Mettler F">FA Mettler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carpeggiani, C" uniqKey="Carpeggiani C">C Carpeggiani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kraft, G" uniqKey="Kraft G">G Kraft</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caramella, D" uniqKey="Caramella D">D Caramella</name></author><author><name sortKey="Semelka, R" uniqKey="Semelka R">R Semelka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Picano, E" uniqKey="Picano E">E Picano</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cunningham, J" uniqKey="Cunningham J">J Cunningham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coffey, M" uniqKey="Coffey M">M Coffey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Knoos, T" uniqKey="Knoos T">T Knöös</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmberg, O" uniqKey="Holmberg O">O Holmberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aerts, A" uniqKey="Aerts A">A Aerts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Decraene, T" uniqKey="Decraene T">T Decraene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Oord, Jj" uniqKey="Van Den Oord J">JJ van den Oord</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dens, J" uniqKey="Dens J">J Dens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, S" uniqKey="Janssens S">S Janssens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guelinckx, P" uniqKey="Guelinckx P">P Guelinckx</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Balter, S" uniqKey="Balter S">S Balter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hopewell, Jw" uniqKey="Hopewell J">JW Hopewell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miller, Dl" uniqKey="Miller D">DL Miller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zelefsky, Mj" uniqKey="Zelefsky M">MJ Zelefsky</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Reitbock, J" uniqKey="Garcia Reitbock J">J Garcia Reitbock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldmann, R" uniqKey="Feldmann R">R Feldmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ruhringer, K" uniqKey="Ruhringer K">K Ruhringer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breier, F" uniqKey="Breier F">F Breier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steiner, A" uniqKey="Steiner A">A Steiner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Tr" uniqKey="Koenig T">TR Koenig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, D" uniqKey="Wolff D">D Wolff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mettler, Fa" uniqKey="Mettler F">FA Mettler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Otterburn, D" uniqKey="Otterburn D">D Otterburn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Losken, A" uniqKey="Losken A">A Losken</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rehani, Mm" uniqKey="Rehani M">MM Rehani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Srimahachota, S" uniqKey="Srimahachota S">S Srimahachota</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aydin, A" uniqKey="Aydin A">A Aydin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tumerdem, B" uniqKey="Tumerdem B">B Tumerdem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tuncer, S" uniqKey="Tuncer S">S Tuncer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aydin, A" uniqKey="Aydin A">A Aydin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tumerdem, B" uniqKey="Tumerdem B">B Tumerdem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tuncer, S" uniqKey="Tuncer S">S Tuncer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Erer, M" uniqKey="Erer M">M Erer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Becker, J" uniqKey="Becker J">J Becker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rosen, T" uniqKey="Rosen T">T Rosen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Berger, Me" uniqKey="Berger M">ME Berger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hurtado, R" uniqKey="Hurtado R">R Hurtado</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunlap, J" uniqKey="Dunlap J">J Dunlap</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mutchinick, O" uniqKey="Mutchinick O">O Mutchinick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, Mg" uniqKey="Velasco M">MG Velasco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tostado, Ra" uniqKey="Tostado R">RA Tostado</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chanteur, J" uniqKey="Chanteur J">J Chanteur</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Conde Salazar, L" uniqKey="Conde Salazar L">L Conde-Salazar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guimaraens, D" uniqKey="Guimaraens D">D Guimaraens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Romero, Lv" uniqKey="Romero L">LV Romero</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Da Silva, Fc" uniqKey="Da Silva F">FC Da Silva</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hunt, Jg" uniqKey="Hunt J">JG Hunt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramalho, At" uniqKey="Ramalho A">AT Ramalho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crispim, Vr" uniqKey="Crispim V">VR Crispim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Aj" uniqKey="Gonzalez A">AJ Gonzalez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guimaraens, D" uniqKey="Guimaraens D">D Guimaraens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Conde Salazar, L" uniqKey="Conde Salazar L">L Conde-Salazar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Yus, E" uniqKey="Sanchez Yus E">E Sanchez Yus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hosoda, M" uniqKey="Hosoda M">M Hosoda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tokonami, S" uniqKey="Tokonami S">S Tokonami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akiba, S" uniqKey="Akiba S">S Akiba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kurihara, O" uniqKey="Kurihara O">O Kurihara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sorimachi, A" uniqKey="Sorimachi A">A Sorimachi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ishikawa, T" uniqKey="Ishikawa T">T Ishikawa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ji" uniqKey="Lee J">JI Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Jh" uniqKey="Park J">JH Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yj" uniqKey="Kim Y">YJ Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Jw" uniqKey="Park J">JW Park</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Matsuda, N" uniqKey="Matsuda N">N Matsuda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumagai, A" uniqKey="Kumagai A">A Kumagai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohtsuru, A" uniqKey="Ohtsuru A">A Ohtsuru</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morita, N" uniqKey="Morita N">N Morita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miura, M" uniqKey="Miura M">M Miura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoshida, M" uniqKey="Yoshida M">M Yoshida</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nakagawa, K" uniqKey="Nakagawa K">K Nakagawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aoki, Y" uniqKey="Aoki Y">Y Aoki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kozuka, T" uniqKey="Kozuka T">T Kozuka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sakata, K" uniqKey="Sakata K">K Sakata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tago, M" uniqKey="Tago M">M Tago</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muta, N" uniqKey="Muta N">N Muta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Parajuli, D" uniqKey="Parajuli D">D Parajuli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, H" uniqKey="Tanaka H">H Tanaka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hakuta, Y" uniqKey="Hakuta Y">Y Hakuta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Minami, N" uniqKey="Minami N">N Minami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukuda, S" uniqKey="Fukuda S">S Fukuda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Umeoka, K" uniqKey="Umeoka K">K Umeoka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raina, S" uniqKey="Raina S">S Raina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Samuel, Am" uniqKey="Samuel A">AM Samuel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schauer, Da" uniqKey="Schauer D">DA Schauer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coursey, Bm" uniqKey="Coursey B">BM Coursey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dick, Ce" uniqKey="Dick C">CE Dick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mclaughlin, Wl" uniqKey="Mclaughlin W">WL McLaughlin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Puhl, Jm" uniqKey="Puhl J">JM Puhl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desrosiers, Mf" uniqKey="Desrosiers M">MF Desrosiers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schauer, Da" uniqKey="Schauer D">DA Schauer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desrosiers, Mf" uniqKey="Desrosiers M">MF Desrosiers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuppusamy, P" uniqKey="Kuppusamy P">P Kuppusamy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zweier, Jl" uniqKey="Zweier J">JL Zweier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Valverde, Nj" uniqKey="Valverde N">NJ Valverde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lucena, Mc" uniqKey="Lucena M">MC Lucena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Briglian, Ch" uniqKey="Briglian C">CH Briglian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oliveira, Ar" uniqKey="Oliveira A">AR Oliveira</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ziqiang, P" uniqKey="Ziqiang P">P Ziqiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shengen, F" uniqKey="Shengen F">F Shengen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huiling, C" uniqKey="Huiling C">C Huiling</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akita, S" uniqKey="Akita S">S Akita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoshimoto, H" uniqKey="Yoshimoto H">H Yoshimoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohtsuru, A" uniqKey="Ohtsuru A">A Ohtsuru</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hirano, A" uniqKey="Hirano A">A Hirano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yamashita, S" uniqKey="Yamashita S">S Yamashita</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barriga, Le" uniqKey="Barriga L">LE Barriga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaharia, M" uniqKey="Zaharia M">M Zaharia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinillos, L" uniqKey="Pinillos L">L Pinillos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moscol, A" uniqKey="Moscol A">A Moscol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heredia, A" uniqKey="Heredia A">A Heredia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarria, G" uniqKey="Sarria G">G Sarria</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bertho, Jm" uniqKey="Bertho J">JM Bertho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, L" uniqKey="Roy L">L Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Souidi, M" uniqKey="Souidi M">M Souidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benderitter, R" uniqKey="Benderitter R">R Benderitter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bey, E" uniqKey="Bey E">E Bey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Racine, R" uniqKey="Racine R">R Racine</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clairand, I" uniqKey="Clairand I">I Clairand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huet, C" uniqKey="Huet C">C Huet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trompier, F" uniqKey="Trompier F">F Trompier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bottollier Depois, Jf" uniqKey="Bottollier Depois J">JF Bottollier-Depois</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gourmelon, P" uniqKey="Gourmelon P">P Gourmelon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benderitter, M" uniqKey="Benderitter M">M Benderitter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bertho, Jm" uniqKey="Bertho J">JM Bertho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huet, C" uniqKey="Huet C">C Huet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gorin, Nc" uniqKey="Gorin N">NC Gorin</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Revel, P" uniqKey="De Revel P">P De Revel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gregoire, E" uniqKey="Gregoire E">E Gregoire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hadjidekova, V" uniqKey="Hadjidekova V">V Hadjidekova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hristova, R" uniqKey="Hristova R">R Hristova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gruel, G" uniqKey="Gruel G">G Gruel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roch Lefevre, S" uniqKey="Roch Lefevre S">S Roch-Lefevre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Voisin, P" uniqKey="Voisin P">P Voisin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hadjidekova, V" uniqKey="Hadjidekova V">V Hadjidekova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hristova, R" uniqKey="Hristova R">R Hristova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ainsbury, Ea" uniqKey="Ainsbury E">EA Ainsbury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Atanasova, P" uniqKey="Atanasova P">P Atanasova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Popova, L" uniqKey="Popova L">L Popova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Staynova, A" uniqKey="Staynova A">A Staynova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jose De Lima Valverde, N" uniqKey="Jose De Lima Valverde N">N Jose de Lima Valverde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira Da Silva, J" uniqKey="Ferreira Da Silva J">J Ferreira da Silva</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tantalean, Ob" uniqKey="Tantalean O">OB Tantalean</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ketiku, Kk" uniqKey="Ketiku K">KK Ketiku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunleye, Ot" uniqKey="Ogunleye O">OT Ogunleye</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kramer, R" uniqKey="Kramer R">R Kramer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Santos, Am" uniqKey="Santos A">AM Santos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brayner, Ca" uniqKey="Brayner C">CA Brayner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khoury, Hj" uniqKey="Khoury H">HJ Khoury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vieira, Jw" uniqKey="Vieira J">JW Vieira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lima, Fr" uniqKey="Lima F">FR Lima</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lataillade, Jj" uniqKey="Lataillade J">JJ Lataillade</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doucet, C" uniqKey="Doucet C">C Doucet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bey, E" uniqKey="Bey E">E Bey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carsin, H" uniqKey="Carsin H">H Carsin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huet, C" uniqKey="Huet C">C Huet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clairand, I" uniqKey="Clairand I">I Clairand</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Dc" uniqKey="Lloyd D">DC Lloyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Aa" uniqKey="Edwards A">AA Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitzsimons, Ej" uniqKey="Fitzsimons E">EJ Fitzsimons</name></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Cd" uniqKey="Evans C">CD Evans</name></author><author><name sortKey="Railton, R" uniqKey="Railton R">R Railton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jeffrey, P" uniqKey="Jeffrey P">P Jeffrey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pass, B" uniqKey="Pass B">B Pass</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pass, B" uniqKey="Pass B">B Pass</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baranov, Ae" uniqKey="Baranov A">AE Baranov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kleshchenko, Ed" uniqKey="Kleshchenko E">ED Kleshchenko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aldrich, Je" uniqKey="Aldrich J">JE Aldrich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scallion, Pl" uniqKey="Scallion P">PL Scallion</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gale, Rp" uniqKey="Gale R">RP Gale</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sevan Kaev, Av" uniqKey="Sevan Kaev A">AV Sevan'kaev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Dc" uniqKey="Lloyd D">DC Lloyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Aa" uniqKey="Edwards A">AA Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moquet, Je" uniqKey="Moquet J">JE Moquet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nugis, Vy" uniqKey="Nugis V">VY Nugis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mikhailova, Gm" uniqKey="Mikhailova G">GM Mikhailova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vargo, Gj" uniqKey="Vargo G">GJ Vargo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akashi, M" uniqKey="Akashi M">M Akashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hirama, T" uniqKey="Hirama T">T Hirama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanosaki, S" uniqKey="Tanosaki S">S Tanosaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuroiwa, N" uniqKey="Kuroiwa N">N Kuroiwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakagawa, K" uniqKey="Nakagawa K">K Nakagawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuji, H" uniqKey="Tsuji H">H Tsuji</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bertho, Jm" uniqKey="Bertho J">JM Bertho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, L" uniqKey="Roy L">L Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Souidi, M" uniqKey="Souidi M">M Souidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gueguen, Y" uniqKey="Gueguen Y">Y Gueguen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lataillade, Jj" uniqKey="Lataillade J">JJ Lataillade</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prat, M" uniqKey="Prat M">M Prat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chiba, S" uniqKey="Chiba S">S Chiba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, A" uniqKey="Saito A">A Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, S" uniqKey="Ogawa S">S Ogawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takeuchi, K" uniqKey="Takeuchi K">K Takeuchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumano, K" uniqKey="Kumano K">K Kumano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seo, S" uniqKey="Seo S">S Seo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fujimoto, K" uniqKey="Fujimoto K">K Fujimoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guo, M" uniqKey="Guo M">M Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Z" uniqKey="Dong Z">Z Dong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qiao, J" uniqKey="Qiao J">J Qiao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, C" uniqKey="Yu C">C Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, Q" uniqKey="Sun Q">Q Sun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, K" uniqKey="Hu K">K Hu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hoashi, T" uniqKey="Hoashi T">T Hoashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okochi, H" uniqKey="Okochi H">H Okochi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kadono, T" uniqKey="Kadono T">T Kadono</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamaki, K" uniqKey="Tamaki K">K Tamaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishida, M" uniqKey="Nishida M">M Nishida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Futami, S" uniqKey="Futami S">S Futami</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Igaki, H" uniqKey="Igaki H">H Igaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakagawa, K" uniqKey="Nakagawa K">K Nakagawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uozaki, H" uniqKey="Uozaki H">H Uozaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akahane, M" uniqKey="Akahane M">M Akahane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hosoi, Y" uniqKey="Hosoi Y">Y Hosoi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukayama, M" uniqKey="Fukayama M">M Fukayama</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ishii, T" uniqKey="Ishii T">T Ishii</name></author><author><name sortKey="Futami, S" uniqKey="Futami S">S Futami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishida, M" uniqKey="Nishida M">M Nishida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, T" uniqKey="Suzuki T">T Suzuki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sakamoto, T" uniqKey="Sakamoto T">T Sakamoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, N" uniqKey="Suzuki N">N Suzuki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaga, K" uniqKey="Kaga K">K Kaga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maeshima, A" uniqKey="Maeshima A">A Maeshima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuzuku, T" uniqKey="Tsuzuku T">T Tsuzuku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, K" uniqKey="Kondo K">K Kondo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morizono, T" uniqKey="Morizono T">T Morizono</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reitan, Jb" uniqKey="Reitan J">JB Reitan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brinch, L" uniqKey="Brinch L">L Brinch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beiske, K" uniqKey="Beiske K">K Beiske</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Repacholi, M" uniqKey="Repacholi M">M Repacholi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Souchkevitch, G" uniqKey="Souchkevitch G">G Souchkevitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turai, I" uniqKey="Turai I">I Turai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stavem, P" uniqKey="Stavem P">P Stavem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brogger, A" uniqKey="Brogger A">A Brogger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Devik, F" uniqKey="Devik F">F Devik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flatby, J" uniqKey="Flatby J">J Flatby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Hagen, Cb" uniqKey="Van Der Hagen C">CB van der Hagen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henriksen, T" uniqKey="Henriksen T">T Henriksen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, T" uniqKey="Suzuki T">T Suzuki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishida, M" uniqKey="Nishida M">M Nishida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Futami, S" uniqKey="Futami S">S Futami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukino, K" uniqKey="Fukino K">K Fukino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amaki, T" uniqKey="Amaki T">T Amaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aizawa, K" uniqKey="Aizawa K">K Aizawa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yao, B" uniqKey="Yao B">B Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Br" uniqKey="Jiang B">BR Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ai, Hs" uniqKey="Ai H">HS Ai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yf" uniqKey="Li Y">YF Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Gx" uniqKey="Liu G">GX Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Man, Qh" uniqKey="Man Q">QH Man</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yao, B" uniqKey="Yao B">B Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, G" uniqKey="Liu G">G Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, M" uniqKey="Guo M">M Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bai, J" uniqKey="Bai J">J Bai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Man, Q" uniqKey="Man Q">Q Man</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cosset, Jm" uniqKey="Cosset J">JM Cosset</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gourmelon, P" uniqKey="Gourmelon P">P Gourmelon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Derreumaux, S" uniqKey="Derreumaux S">S Derreumaux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Etard, C" uniqKey="Etard C">C Etard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huet, C" uniqKey="Huet C">C Huet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trompier, F" uniqKey="Trompier F">F Trompier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clairand, I" uniqKey="Clairand I">I Clairand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bottollier Depois, Jf" uniqKey="Bottollier Depois J">JF Bottollier-Depois</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miura, N" uniqKey="Miura N">N Miura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kusuhara, Y" uniqKey="Kusuhara Y">Y Kusuhara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Numata, K" uniqKey="Numata K">K Numata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shirato, A" uniqKey="Shirato A">A Shirato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hashine, K" uniqKey="Hashine K">K Hashine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sumiyoshi, Y" uniqKey="Sumiyoshi Y">Y Sumiyoshi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stabin, Mg" uniqKey="Stabin M">MG Stabin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Ee" uniqKey="Watson E">EE Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marcus, Cs" uniqKey="Marcus C">CS Marcus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salk, Rd" uniqKey="Salk R">RD Salk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Borras, C" uniqKey="Borras C">C Borras</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leveson, Ng" uniqKey="Leveson N">NG Leveson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, Cs" uniqKey="Turner C">CS Turner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nenot, Jc" uniqKey="Nenot J">JC Nenot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiffert, D" uniqKey="Peiffert D">D Peiffert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, Jm" uniqKey="Simon J">JM Simon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eschwege, F" uniqKey="Eschwege F">F Eschwege</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tobias, Js" uniqKey="Tobias J">JS Tobias</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vatnitsky, S" uniqKey="Vatnitsky S">S Vatnitsky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ortiz Lopez, P" uniqKey="Ortiz Lopez P">P Ortiz Lopez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Izewska, J" uniqKey="Izewska J">J Izewska</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meghzifene, A" uniqKey="Meghzifene A">A Meghzifene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, V" uniqKey="Levin V">V Levin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woudstra, E" uniqKey="Woudstra E">E Woudstra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huizenga, H" uniqKey="Huizenga H">H Huizenga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Poel, Ja" uniqKey="Van De Poel J">JA van de Poel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cosset, Jm" uniqKey="Cosset J">JM Cosset</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nenot, Jc" uniqKey="Nenot J">JC Nenot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Allen, B" uniqKey="Allen B">B Allen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cuzzone, D" uniqKey="Cuzzone D">D Cuzzone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rowin, C" uniqKey="Rowin C">C Rowin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perdrizet, G" uniqKey="Perdrizet G">G Perdrizet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Babigian, A" uniqKey="Babigian A">A Babigian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Archer, Br" uniqKey="Archer B">BR Archer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Banaag, Ldeo" uniqKey="Banaag L">LdeO Banaag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Mj" uniqKey="Carter M">MJ Carter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Banic, B" uniqKey="Banic B">B Banic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, B" uniqKey="Meier B">B Meier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banic, A" uniqKey="Banic A">A Banic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weinand, C" uniqKey="Weinand C">C Weinand</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barnea, Y" uniqKey="Barnea Y">Y Barnea</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amir, A" uniqKey="Amir A">A Amir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shafir, R" uniqKey="Shafir R">R Shafir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, J" uniqKey="Weiss J">J Weiss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gur, E" uniqKey="Gur E">E Gur</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bassas Freixas, P" uniqKey="Bassas Freixas P">P Bassas Freixas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bartralot Soler, R" uniqKey="Bartralot Soler R">R Bartralot Soler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aparicio Espanol, G" uniqKey="Aparicio Espanol G">G Aparicio Espanol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Patos Briones, V" uniqKey="Garcia Patos Briones V">V Garcia-Patos Briones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Berlin, L" uniqKey="Berlin L">L Berlin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boncher, J" uniqKey="Boncher J">J Boncher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bergfeld, Wf" uniqKey="Bergfeld W">WF Bergfeld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cante, V" uniqKey="Cante V">V Cante</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doutre, Ms" uniqKey="Doutre M">MS Doutre</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carstens, Gj" uniqKey="Carstens G">GJ Carstens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horowitz, Mb" uniqKey="Horowitz M">MB Horowitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Purdy, Pd" uniqKey="Purdy P">PD Purdy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pandya, Ag" uniqKey="Pandya A">AG Pandya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dandurand, M" uniqKey="Dandurand M">M Dandurand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huet, P" uniqKey="Huet P">P Huet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guillot, B" uniqKey="Guillot B">B Guillot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dehen, L" uniqKey="Dehen L">L Dehen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vilmer, C" uniqKey="Vilmer C">C Vilmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Humiliere, C" uniqKey="Humiliere C">C Humiliere</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corcos, T" uniqKey="Corcos T">T Corcos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pentousis, D" uniqKey="Pentousis D">D Pentousis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ollivaud, L" uniqKey="Ollivaud L">L Ollivaud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dichtl, W" uniqKey="Dichtl W">W Dichtl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sipotz, J" uniqKey="Sipotz J">J Sipotz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="D Incan, M" uniqKey="D Incan M">M D'Incan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roger, H" uniqKey="Roger H">H Roger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fierens, H" uniqKey="Fierens H">H Fierens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goffette, P" uniqKey="Goffette P">P Goffette</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tennstedt, D" uniqKey="Tennstedt D">D Tennstedt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lachapelle, J" uniqKey="Lachapelle J">J Lachapelle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frazier, Th" uniqKey="Frazier T">TH Frazier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, Jb" uniqKey="Richardson J">JB Richardson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fabre, Vc" uniqKey="Fabre V">VC Fabre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Callen, Jp" uniqKey="Callen J">JP Callen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garnacho, Gm" uniqKey="Garnacho G">GM Garnacho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amorrich, Mv" uniqKey="Amorrich M">MV Amorrich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salido, R" uniqKey="Salido R">R Salido</name></author><author><name sortKey="Espejo, J" uniqKey="Espejo J">J Espejo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gironet, N" uniqKey="Gironet N">N Gironet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jan, V" uniqKey="Jan V">V Jan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Machet, Mc" uniqKey="Machet M">MC Machet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Machet, L" uniqKey="Machet L">L Machet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lorette, G" uniqKey="Lorette G">G Lorette</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vaillant, L" uniqKey="Vaillant L">L Vaillant</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Glazier, Jj" uniqKey="Glazier J">JJ Glazier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dixon, Sr" uniqKey="Dixon S">SR Dixon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Granel, F" uniqKey="Granel F">F Granel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barbaud, A" uniqKey="Barbaud A">A Barbaud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gillet Terver, Mn" uniqKey="Gillet Terver M">MN Gillet-Terver</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reichert, S" uniqKey="Reichert S">S Reichert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, M" uniqKey="Weber M">M Weber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Danchin, N" uniqKey="Danchin N">N Danchin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, I" uniqKey="Hashimoto I">I Hashimoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sedo, H" uniqKey="Sedo H">H Sedo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inatsugi, K" uniqKey="Inatsugi K">K Inatsugi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakanishi, H" uniqKey="Nakanishi H">H Nakanishi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arase, S" uniqKey="Arase S">S Arase</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Henry, Mf" uniqKey="Henry M">MF Henry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maender, Jl" uniqKey="Maender J">JL Maender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, Y" uniqKey="Shen Y">Y Shen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tschen, Ja" uniqKey="Tschen J">JA Tschen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subrt, P" uniqKey="Subrt P">P Subrt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Jd" uniqKey="Schmidt J">JD Schmidt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huda, W" uniqKey="Huda W">W Huda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Kr" uniqKey="Peters K">KR Peters</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iorio, Ml" uniqKey="Iorio M">ML Iorio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Endara, M" uniqKey="Endara M">M Endara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desman, E" uniqKey="Desman E">E Desman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fontana, L" uniqKey="Fontana L">L Fontana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Attinger, C" uniqKey="Attinger C">C Attinger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jeskowiak, A" uniqKey="Jeskowiak A">A Jeskowiak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hubmer, M" uniqKey="Hubmer M">M Hubmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prenner, G" uniqKey="Prenner G">G Prenner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maechler, H" uniqKey="Maechler H">H Maechler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kato, M" uniqKey="Kato M">M Kato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chida, K" uniqKey="Chida K">K Chida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sato, T" uniqKey="Sato T">T Sato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oosaka, H" uniqKey="Oosaka H">H Oosaka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tosa, T" uniqKey="Tosa T">T Tosa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munehisa, M" uniqKey="Munehisa M">M Munehisa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kawakami, T" uniqKey="Kawakami T">T Kawakami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, R" uniqKey="Saito R">R Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miyazaki, S" uniqKey="Miyazaki S">S Miyazaki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hs" uniqKey="Kim H">HS Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jy" uniqKey="Lee J">JY Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Hj" uniqKey="Park H">HJ Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Bk" uniqKey="Cho B">BK Cho</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Knautz, Ma" uniqKey="Knautz M">MA Knautz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abele, Dc" uniqKey="Abele D">DC Abele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reynolds, Tl" uniqKey="Reynolds T">TL Reynolds</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Tr" uniqKey="Koenig T">TR Koenig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mettler, Fa" uniqKey="Mettler F">FA Mettler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krasovec, M" uniqKey="Krasovec M">M Krasovec</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trueb, Rm" uniqKey="Trueb R">RM Trueb</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, J" uniqKey="Lee J">J Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoss, D" uniqKey="Hoss D">D Hoss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, Tj" uniqKey="Phillips T">TJ Phillips</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ws" uniqKey="Lee W">WS Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sw" uniqKey="Lee S">SW Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S" uniqKey="Lee S">S Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jw" uniqKey="Lee J">JW Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Levine, N" uniqKey="Levine N">N Levine</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lichtenstein, Da" uniqKey="Lichtenstein D">DA Lichtenstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klapholz, L" uniqKey="Klapholz L">L Klapholz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vardy, Da" uniqKey="Vardy D">DA Vardy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leichter, I" uniqKey="Leichter I">I Leichter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mosseri, M" uniqKey="Mosseri M">M Mosseri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klaus, Sn" uniqKey="Klaus S">SN Klaus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Litzner, B" uniqKey="Litzner B">B Litzner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kantrow, Sm" uniqKey="Kantrow S">SM Kantrow</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lopez Aventin, D" uniqKey="Lopez Aventin D">D Lopez Aventin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gil, I" uniqKey="Gil I">I Gil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Gonzalez, Dm" uniqKey="Lopez Gonzalez D">DM Lopez Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pujol, Rm" uniqKey="Pujol R">RM Pujol</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marti, N" uniqKey="Marti N">N Marti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez, V" uniqKey="Lopez V">V Lopez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pereda, C" uniqKey="Pereda C">C Pereda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Jm" uniqKey="Martin J">JM Martin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montesinos, E" uniqKey="Montesinos E">E Montesinos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jorda, E" uniqKey="Jorda E">E Jorda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miralbell, R" uniqKey="Miralbell R">R Miralbell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maillet, P" uniqKey="Maillet P">P Maillet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crompton, Ne" uniqKey="Crompton N">NE Crompton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doriot, Pa" uniqKey="Doriot P">PA Doriot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nouet, P" uniqKey="Nouet P">P Nouet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verin, V" uniqKey="Verin V">V Verin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Monaco, Jl" uniqKey="Monaco J">JL Monaco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bowen, K" uniqKey="Bowen K">K Bowen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tadros, Pn" uniqKey="Tadros P">PN Tadros</name></author><author><name sortKey="Witt, Pd" uniqKey="Witt P">PD Witt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mundi, Jp" uniqKey="Mundi J">JP Mundi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kanchanapoomi, M" uniqKey="Kanchanapoomi M">M Kanchanapoomi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boyd, Kp" uniqKey="Boyd K">KP Boyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, Rr" uniqKey="Patel R">RR Patel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamino, H" uniqKey="Kamino H">H Kamino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, De" uniqKey="Cohen D">DE Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nahass, Gt" uniqKey="Nahass G">GT Nahass</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nahass, Gt" uniqKey="Nahass G">GT Nahass</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cornelius, L" uniqKey="Cornelius L">L Cornelius</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nannapaneni, R" uniqKey="Nannapaneni R">R Nannapaneni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behari, S" uniqKey="Behari S">S Behari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mendelow, D" uniqKey="Mendelow D">D Mendelow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gholkar, A" uniqKey="Gholkar A">A Gholkar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Perrot, P" uniqKey="Perrot P">P Perrot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ridel, P" uniqKey="Ridel P">P Ridel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Visee, E" uniqKey="Visee E">E Visee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dreno, B" uniqKey="Dreno B">B Dreno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duteille, F" uniqKey="Duteille F">F Duteille</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petit, F" uniqKey="Petit F">F Petit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flageul, B" uniqKey="Flageul B">B Flageul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerbault, O" uniqKey="Gerbault O">O Gerbault</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarfati, F" uniqKey="Sarfati F">F Sarfati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Revol, M" uniqKey="Revol M">M Revol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Servant, Jm" uniqKey="Servant J">JM Servant</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pezzano, M" uniqKey="Pezzano M">M Pezzano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duterque, M" uniqKey="Duterque M">M Duterque</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lardoux, H" uniqKey="Lardoux H">H Lardoux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Louvard, Y" uniqKey="Louvard Y">Y Louvard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morice, Mc" uniqKey="Morice M">MC Morice</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lefevre, T" uniqKey="Lefevre T">T Lefevre</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Poletti, Jl" uniqKey="Poletti J">JL Poletti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rosenthal, Ls" uniqKey="Rosenthal L">LS Rosenthal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beck, Tj" uniqKey="Beck T">TJ Beck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, J" uniqKey="Williams J">J Williams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mahesh, M" uniqKey="Mahesh M">M Mahesh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Herman, Mg" uniqKey="Herman M">MG Herman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dinerman, Jl" uniqKey="Dinerman J">JL Dinerman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sajben, Fp" uniqKey="Sajben F">FP Sajben</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schoelch, Sb" uniqKey="Schoelch S">SB Schoelch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barnette, Dj" uniqKey="Barnette D">DJ Barnette</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schecter, Ak" uniqKey="Schecter A">AK Schecter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Md" uniqKey="Lewis M">MD Lewis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson Bostom, L" uniqKey="Robinson Bostom L">L Robinson-Bostom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, Td" uniqKey="Pan T">TD Pan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schmoor, P" uniqKey="Schmoor P">P Schmoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Descamps, V" uniqKey="Descamps V">V Descamps</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crickx, B" uniqKey="Crickx B">B Crickx</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steg, Pg" uniqKey="Steg P">PG Steg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Belaich, S" uniqKey="Belaich S">S Belaich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shope, Tb" uniqKey="Shope T">TB Shope</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Slovut, Dp" uniqKey="Slovut D">DP Slovut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soga, F" uniqKey="Soga F">F Soga</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sovik, E" uniqKey="Sovik E">E Sovik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klow, Ne" uniqKey="Klow N">NE Klow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hellesnes, J" uniqKey="Hellesnes J">J Hellesnes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lykke, J" uniqKey="Lykke J">J Lykke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Spiker, A" uniqKey="Spiker A">A Spiker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zinn, Z" uniqKey="Zinn Z">Z Zinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Wh" uniqKey="Carter W">WH Carter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Powers, R" uniqKey="Powers R">R Powers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kovach, R" uniqKey="Kovach R">R Kovach</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Srimahachota, S" uniqKey="Srimahachota S">S Srimahachota</name></author><author><name sortKey="Udayachalerm, W" uniqKey="Udayachalerm W">W Udayachalerm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kupharang, T" uniqKey="Kupharang T">T Kupharang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sukwijit, K" uniqKey="Sukwijit K">K Sukwijit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krisanachinda, A" uniqKey="Krisanachinda A">A Krisanachinda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rehani, M" uniqKey="Rehani M">M Rehani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stone, Ms" uniqKey="Stone M">MS Stone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robson, Kj" uniqKey="Robson K">KJ Robson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leboit, Pe" uniqKey="Leboit P">PE LeBoit</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thomadsen, Br" uniqKey="Thomadsen B">BR Thomadsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paliwal, Br" uniqKey="Paliwal B">BR Paliwal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petereit, Dg" uniqKey="Petereit D">DG Petereit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ranallo, Fn" uniqKey="Ranallo F">FN Ranallo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thorat, Jd" uniqKey="Thorat J">JD Thorat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hwang, Py" uniqKey="Hwang P">PY Hwang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vano, E" uniqKey="Vano E">E Vano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arranz, L" uniqKey="Arranz L">L Arranz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sastre, Jm" uniqKey="Sastre J">JM Sastre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moro, C" uniqKey="Moro C">C Moro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ledo, A" uniqKey="Ledo A">A Ledo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garate, Mt" uniqKey="Garate M">MT Garate</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vlietstra, Re" uniqKey="Vlietstra R">RE Vlietstra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koenig, T" uniqKey="Koenig T">T Koenig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mettler, F" uniqKey="Mettler F">F Mettler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcneese, Md" uniqKey="Mcneese M">MD McNeese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marx, Mv" uniqKey="Marx M">MV Marx</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siegel, El" uniqKey="Siegel E">EL Siegel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Archer, Ba" uniqKey="Archer B">BA Archer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wen, Cs" uniqKey="Wen C">CS Wen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Sm" uniqKey="Lin S">SM Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Y" uniqKey="Chen Y">Y Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Jc" uniqKey="Chen J">JC Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yh" uniqKey="Wang Y">YH Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tseng, Sh" uniqKey="Tseng S">SH Tseng</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wong, L" uniqKey="Wong L">L Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rehm, J" uniqKey="Rehm J">J Rehm</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yoneda, K" uniqKey="Yoneda K">K Yoneda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakai, K" uniqKey="Nakai K">K Nakai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demitsu, T" uniqKey="Demitsu T">T Demitsu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moriue, T" uniqKey="Moriue T">T Moriue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moriue, J" uniqKey="Moriue J">J Moriue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yokoi, I" uniqKey="Yokoi I">I Yokoi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aslan, G" uniqKey="Aslan G">G Aslan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Terzioglu, A" uniqKey="Terzioglu A">A Terzioglu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tuncali, D" uniqKey="Tuncali D">D Tuncali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bingul, F" uniqKey="Bingul F">F Bingul</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Milacic, S" uniqKey="Milacic S">S Milacic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simic, J" uniqKey="Simic J">J Simic</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gottlober, P" uniqKey="Gottlober P">P Gottlober</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bezold, G" uniqKey="Bezold G">G Bezold</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, L" uniqKey="Weber L">L Weber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gourmelon, P" uniqKey="Gourmelon P">P Gourmelon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cosset, Jm" uniqKey="Cosset J">JM Cosset</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bahren, W" uniqKey="Bahren W">W Bahren</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Ml" uniqKey="Gupta M">ML Gupta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Srivastava, Nn" uniqKey="Srivastava N">NN Srivastava</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, S" uniqKey="Dutta S">S Dutta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shukla, Sk" uniqKey="Shukla S">SK Shukla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, A" uniqKey="Dutta A">A Dutta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verma, S" uniqKey="Verma S">S Verma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gusev, Ia" uniqKey="Gusev I">IA Gusev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guskova, Ak" uniqKey="Guskova A">AK Guskova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mettler, Fa" uniqKey="Mettler F">FA Mettler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hutt, G" uniqKey="Hutt G">G Hutt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brodski, L" uniqKey="Brodski L">L Brodski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Polyakov, V" uniqKey="Polyakov V">V Polyakov</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jamshed, N" uniqKey="Jamshed N">N Jamshed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhasin, A" uniqKey="Bhasin A">A Bhasin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ekka, M" uniqKey="Ekka M">M Ekka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aggarwal, P" uniqKey="Aggarwal P">P Aggarwal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu Q, Jb" uniqKey="Liu Q J">JB Liu Q</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Lp" uniqKey="Jiang L">LP Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Y" uniqKey="Wu Y">Y Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Xg" uniqKey="Wang X">XG Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Fl" uniqKey="Zhao F">FL Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fu, Bh" uniqKey="Fu B">BH Fu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, Q" uniqKey="Liu Q">Q Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, J" uniqKey="Cao J">J Cao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Wm" uniqKey="Lu W">WM Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qin, B" uniqKey="Qin B">B Qin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, B" uniqKey="Jiang B">B Jiang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahmoud, Ns" uniqKey="Mahmoud N">NS Mahmoud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marshall, E" uniqKey="Marshall E">E Marshall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Socie, G" uniqKey="Socie G">G Socie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Medhi Sohrabi, K" uniqKey="Medhi Sohrabi K">K Medhi Sohrabi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carosella, Ed" uniqKey="Carosella E">ED Carosella</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cosset, Jm" uniqKey="Cosset J">JM Cosset</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hervatin, F" uniqKey="Hervatin F">F Hervatin</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Cremoux, P" uniqKey="De Cremoux P">P de Cremoux</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Xu, Zy" uniqKey="Xu Z">ZY Xu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, La" uniqKey="Zhang L">LA Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dai, G" uniqKey="Dai G">G Dai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baranov, Ae" uniqKey="Baranov A">AE Baranov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guskova, Ak" uniqKey="Guskova A">AK Guskova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davtian, Aa" uniqKey="Davtian A">AA Davtian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sevankaev, Av" uniqKey="Sevankaev A">AV Sevankaev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Dc" uniqKey="Lloyd D">DC Lloyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Aa" uniqKey="Edwards A">AA Edwards</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lister, Baj" uniqKey="Lister B">BAJ Lister</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marshall, E" uniqKey="Marshall E">E Marshall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marshall, E" uniqKey="Marshall E">E Marshall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ogunranti, Jo" uniqKey="Ogunranti J">JO Ogunranti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sevan Kaev, Av" uniqKey="Sevan Kaev A">AV Sevan'kaev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Dc" uniqKey="Lloyd D">DC Lloyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Aa" uniqKey="Edwards A">AA Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mikhailova, Gf" uniqKey="Mikhailova G">GF Mikhailova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nugis, Vy" uniqKey="Nugis V">VY Nugis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Domracheva, Ev" uniqKey="Domracheva E">EV Domracheva</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Corbett, Rh" uniqKey="Corbett R">RH Corbett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fong, Ry" uniqKey="Fong R">RY Fong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Ca" uniqKey="Lewis C">CA Lewis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mclaughlin, N" uniqKey="Mclaughlin N">N McLaughlin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soleo, L" uniqKey="Soleo L">L Soleo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basso, A" uniqKey="Basso A">A Basso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Di Lorenzo, L" uniqKey="Di Lorenzo L">L Di Lorenzo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bukvic, N" uniqKey="Bukvic N">N Bukvic</name></author><author><name sortKey="L Abbate, N" uniqKey="L Abbate N">N L'Abbate</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sugawara, Y" uniqKey="Sugawara Y">Y Sugawara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takahashi, K" uniqKey="Takahashi K">K Takahashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matsuta, M" uniqKey="Matsuta M">M Matsuta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akasaka, T" uniqKey="Akasaka T">T Akasaka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Aj" uniqKey="Gonzalez A">AJ Gonzalez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ortiz Lopez, P" uniqKey="Ortiz Lopez P">P Ortiz Lopez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cosset, Jm" uniqKey="Cosset J">JM Cosset</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunscombe, P" uniqKey="Dunscombe P">P Dunscombe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmberg, O" uniqKey="Holmberg O">O Holmberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenwald, Jc" uniqKey="Rosenwald J">JC Rosenwald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinillos Ashton, L" uniqKey="Pinillos Ashton L">L Pinillos Ashton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baeza, M" uniqKey="Baeza M">M Baeza</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahesh, M" uniqKey="Mahesh M">M Mahesh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Lk" uniqKey="Wagner L">LK Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eifel, Pj" uniqKey="Eifel P">PJ Eifel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geise, Ra" uniqKey="Geise R">RA Geise</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rehani, Mm" uniqKey="Rehani M">MM Rehani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frush, Dp" uniqKey="Frush D">DP Frush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berris, T" uniqKey="Berris T">T Berris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Einstein, Aj" uniqKey="Einstein A">AJ Einstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sung, Dw" uniqKey="Sung D">DW Sung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Ke" uniqKey="Shin K">KE Shin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, N" uniqKey="Brown N">N Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, L" uniqKey="Jones L">L Jones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25789482</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4366065</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-49531</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Systematic Review of Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Coeytaux</surname><given-names>Karen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bey</surname><given-names>Eric</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Christensen</surname><given-names>Doran</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Glassman</surname><given-names>Erik S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murdock</surname><given-names>Becky</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Doucet</surname><given-names>Christelle</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Episight Consulting, Summit, New Jersey, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Percy Military Hospital, Clamart, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff004"><label>4</label><addr-line>Celogos, Paris, France</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Carpenter</surname><given-names>David O.</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Institute for Health & the Environment, UNITED STATES</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: The salaries of authors KC and CD are from Episight Consulting and Celogos. No other competing interest was declared by any of the authors. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: KC EB DC ESG CD. Performed the experiments: KC BM EB CD. Analyzed the data: KC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KC EB DC BM CD. Wrote the paper: KC EB DC ESG BM CD. Data collection: KC BM EB CD. Analysis and interpretation of the data: KC EB DC CD. Drafting article: KC. Critical review of the article: KC EB DC ESG BM CD. Final approval of the version to be published: KC EB DC ESG BM CD. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work: KC EB DC ESG BM CD.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>karen.coeytaux@yahoo.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>e0118709</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>4</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>6</day><month>1</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0</ext-link> public domain dedication</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0118709.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Radiation overexposure accidents are rare but can have severe long-term health consequences. Although underreporting can be an issue, some extensive literature reviews of reported radiation overexposures have been performed and constitute a sound basis for conclusions on general trends. Building further on this work, we performed a systematic review that completes previous reviews and provides new information on characteristics and trends of reported radiation accidents.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>We searched publications and reports from MEDLINE, EMBASE, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the International Radiation Protection Association, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site radiation accident registry over 1980-2013. We retrieved the reported overexposure cases, systematically extracted selected information, and performed a descriptive analysis.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>297 out of 5189 publications and reports and 194 records from the REAC/TS registry met our eligibility criteria. From these, 634 reported radiation accidents were retrieved, involving 2390 overexposed people, of whom 190 died from their overexposure. The number of reported cases has decreased for all types of radiation use, but the medical one. 64% of retrieved overexposure cases occurred with the use of radiation therapy and fluoroscopy. Additionally, the types of reported accidents differed significantly across regions.</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusions</title><p>This review provides an updated and broader view of reported radiation overexposures. It suggests an overall decline in reported radiation overexposures over 1980-2013. The greatest share of reported overexposures occurred in the medical fields using radiation therapy and fluoroscopy; this larger number of reported overexposures accidents indicates the potential need for enhanced quality assurance programs. Our data also highlights variations in characteristics of reported accidents by region. The main limitation of this study is the likely underreporting of radiation overexposures. Ensuring a comprehensive monitoring and reporting of radiation overexposures is paramount to inform and tailor prevention interventions to local needs.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was supported by HRA Pharma, 15 rue Beranger, 75003 Paris, France. Celogos and Episight Consulting provided support in the form of salaries for authors KC and CD. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the “Author Contributions” section. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="4"></fig-count><table-count count="1"></table-count><page-count count="26"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are referenced in <xref rid="pone.0118709.t001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref> of the paper.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are referenced in <xref rid="pone.0118709.t001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref> of the paper.</p></notes></front><body><sec sec-type="intro" id="sec005"><title>Introduction</title><p>Radiation overexposure accidents are uncommon, but can have severe long-term health consequences. Radiation is used in various settings. Major sectors include industrial, medical, and military. Some key applications are electricity production, sterilization of material equipment or food, development of nuclear weapons, radiography imaging techniques for welds inspection, radiation therapy, and radiology imaging techniques (e.g. X-ray radiography, fluoroscopy, computed tomography). These last decades, the medical sector in particular experienced a fast growth in the use of ionizing radiation that allowed better diagnostics and treatments [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref002" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>]. In order to guide all facets of prevention, it is critical to understand the reasons and events behind radiation overexposures.</p><p>Radiation-related harms have been reported over the years in all sectors, along with those resulting from orphan sources. Harmful effects of radiation overexposure include deterministic effects (e.g. radiation sickness, skin radiation burn, cataracts, infertility) and stochastic effects (e.g. cancer). These effects can take from weeks to years to manifest, with severity depending upon multiple parameters including the total radiation absorbed dose, the radiation dose rate, the volume of body exposed, the parts of the body and tissues involved, the radiation source at stake, as well as personal characteristics of overexposed people (e.g. age, health status) [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref003" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>].</p><p>Furthermore, local and global overexposures to the body translate into different health outcomes and therefore different treatment needs. Global overexposure of 1 Gray (Gy) or above induces acute radiation syndrome (ARS) characterized by consecutive hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular syndromes [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref003" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>]. Local skin overexposures of 3 Gy or more are likely to lead to acute local radiation injuries (LRI), which may be associated with extreme pain. Local organ overexposures of typically 2–8 Gy are likely to result in organ dysfunction (e.g., permanent sterility of ovaries and testes, acute pneumonitis, renal failure, cognitive defect) [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref004" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>]. In addition, this type of injuries often progresses over time due to inflammatory waves, inducing the spread of radionecrosis, and requires long-term treatment [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref005" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>].</p><p>In order to decrease the risk of harm associated with ionizing radiation, its use is often regulated at the country level. At the international level, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) play a central role. They evaluate radiation risks, provide recommendations, and promote safe use of radiation technologies, which evolve rapidly and gain in complexity. Yet, in an era where resources are scarce, it is essential to identify the most pressing issues in order to better target prevention actions such as training, which can lead to dramatic improvements in the safe use of radiation [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref006" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>].</p><p>Several non-systematic reviews of radiation overexposure accidents have been published in the literature. The UNSCEAR organization performed the most extensive review, which it considers "a sound basis for conclusions regarding the number of significant radiation accidents that have occurred, the corresponding levels of radiation exposures and number of deaths and injuries, and the general trends for various practices", despite unavoidable underreporting [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>]. Additionally, several voluntary registries of radiation overexposures have been developed. The Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) at the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) maintains the largest US national and international radiation accident registry to our knowledge [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>]. Other registries focus only on the medical sector. For example, the Radiation Oncology Safety Information System (ROSIS) and Safety in Radiation Oncology (SAFRON) register incidents and near incidents in radiation therapy [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref009" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref010" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>].</p><p>To build further on the existing work and provide new information on characteristics and trends of reported radiation accidents worldwide, we performed a systematic review of reports published between 1980 and 2013 by querying the peer-reviewed literature, national and international reports, and the REAC/TS registry. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of past prevention programs and potential remaining needs for prevention planning. In this report, we present the search strategy and results of our review, and a descriptive analysis of the retrieved radiation overexposure accidents.</p></sec><sec sec-type="materials|methods" id="sec006"><title>Methods</title><sec id="sec007"><title>Sources</title><p>A protocol was developed for the conduct of this systematic review and is detailed in <xref rid="pone.0118709.s001" ref-type="supplementary-material">S1 PRISMA Checklist</xref> and <xref rid="pone.0118709.s002" ref-type="supplementary-material">S1 Protocol</xref>.</p><p>Reported radiation overexposure accidents from 1980 to present were searched using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the IAEA publications, the congress proceedings of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), the collection of UNSCEAR reports, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US NRC) reports on abnormal occurrences, and the REAC/TS registry.</p><p>For the purposes of this review, we elected to use the IAEA definition of accident, which is "Any unintended event, including operating errors, equipment failures or other mishaps, the consequences or potential consequences of which are not negligible from the point of view of protection or safety" [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref011" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>]. Our study focused on radiation accidents resulting in one or several people overexposed and meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p></sec><sec id="sec008"><title>Search strategy</title><p>We conducted an electronic search in MEDLINE and EMBASE on March 27th 2014 for all relevant articles published since January 1<sup>st</sup> 1980, in the English or French languages. The MEDLINE search strategy included a first keyword search in titles using: cause of overexposure (radiation, nuclear) AND type of injury (overexpos*, accident*, injur*).</p><p>A second keyword search in titles was performed as follows: cause of interventional radiology overexposure (fluoroscop*, diagnostic, imaging, angioplast*, catheter*, coronar*, arter*, endovasc*, cardiac, stent*, cardiol*, shunt*) AND type of injury (radiodermatitis, "radiation dermatitis", radionecrosis, "radiation necrosis", "radiation injury", "radiation injuries", "radiation effect", "radiation effects", erythem*, "radiation-induced skin", “skin injury", “skin injuries", ulceration) NOT (erythematosus or lupus).</p><p>The third search was based on the following Mesh terms: (("Radiodermatitis"[Mesh] OR "Acute Radiation Syndrome"[Mesh] OR ("Radiation Injuries/mortality"[Mesh] OR "Radiation Injuries/radiation effects"[Mesh] OR "Radiation Injuries/radiography"[Mesh] OR "Radiation Injuries/radionuclide imaging"[Mesh] OR "Radiation Injuries/radiotherapy"[Mesh]) OR ("Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted/adverse effects"[Mesh] OR "Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted/mortality"[Mesh]) OR "Radiotherapy, Image-Guided"[Mesh] OR "Whole-Body Irradiation/adverse effects"[Mesh] OR "Fluoroscopy/adverse effects"[Mesh])) AND ("case reports"[Publication Type] OR "review"[Publication Type]) AND "humans"[Mesh].</p><p>The EMBASE search strategy used the following words of major interest: 'radiation accident'/exp/mj OR 'radiation injury'/exp/mj OR 'acute radiation syndrome'/exp/mj OR 'radiation dermatitis'/exp/mj OR 'radiation sickness'/exp/mj OR 'radiation necrosis'/exp/mj AND [humans]/lim AND ([english]/lim OR [french]/lim) AND [1980–2014]/py AND [embase]/lim NOT ([medline]/lim AND [1980–2014]/py OR 'radiation recall' OR 'pneumonitis'/exp/mj OR 'nephrititis' OR 'efficacy' OR 'trial' OR 'sodium arsenite'/exp/mj OR 'neurofibromatosis'/exp/mj OR 'cisplatin'/exp/mj OR 'vinorelbine'/exp/mj OR 'enteritis'/exp/mj OR 'experimental' OR 'bevacizumab'/exp/mj OR 'chemoradiotherapy'/exp/mj OR 'simvastatin'/exp/mj OR 'cetuximab'/exp/mj OR 'cefotetan'/exp/mj OR 'gemcitabine'/exp/mj).</p><p>Reference titles and summaries were screened manually and discarded if not relevant. Selected publications were read in full text for data extraction. Cross-referencing was used to retrieve additional relevant articles.</p><p>The IAEA publications (nuclear safety reviews, safety reports series, and non serial publications on radiological accidents from 1980 to 2013), the IRPA congress proceedings(1980–2008), the UNSCEAR reports (1980–2013) and the US NRC reports to congress on abnormal occurrences (1980–2012) were systematically read in full text and extracted when relevant.</p><p>Finally, radiation overexposure accidents that occurred on or after January 1<sup>st</sup>, 1980 and reported in the REAC/TS registry were retrieved using filters against our inclusion criteria. Full reports were read for retrieved cases and extracted if relevant.</p></sec><sec id="sec009"><title>Inclusion and exclusion criteria</title><p>A case of radiation overexposure was defined as presenting at least one of the following criteria: (i) unintended global overexposure of 1 Gy or more, (ii) unintended local skin overexposure of 3 Gy or more, (iii) unintended local organ overexposure (e.g. brain, thyroid, prostate) of 5 Gy or more, or (iv) description of clinical presentation providing reasonable index of suspicion for unintended ionizing radiation overexposure (i.e., acute radiation syndrome, radiodermatitis, permanent alopecia, dry or moist desquamation, blister formation, skin ulceration, dermal atrophy, invasive fibrosis, organ failure, radio-necrosis). The thresholds used in this review are based on the literature, keeping in mind that these thresholds are not absolute boundaries [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref003" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref004" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref012" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref018" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>]. Cases that met none of these criteria were excluded, as were suicide and criminal acts.</p><p>For cases without occurrence date, we used date of first symptoms as first proxy and date of report as second proxy.</p><p>Finally, similar cases issued from different reports but with insufficient information to decipher whether they were different or not, were not integrated in the database to prevent duplicates.</p></sec><sec id="sec010"><title>Selection process</title><p>Two independent researchers screened and reviewed data sources against the inclusion criteria. For selected reports, full-text documents were evaluated and extracted manually by one reviewer and double-checked by a second reviewer. Any divergence between reviewers regarding selection process was resolved through discussion.</p></sec><sec id="sec011"><title>Extracted data items</title><p>For each accident, select information was extracted into a data sheet. Selected data included date and place of occurrence, number of overexposed people and number of people dying from their overexposure, days between exposure and death, type of overexposed people (i.e., patient, public, or worker if dose was received in the course of employment), estimated global and local dose received, type of source, type of overexposure (i.e., local skin, local organ, or global), and documents in which the accident was reported. Reported symptoms, course of treatment, and treatment outcomes were also recorded when available. Finally, accidents were categorized by sector of occurrence: "industrial" including industrial irradiator, production, and radiography; "radiation therapy" including teletherapy, brachytherapy, and therapeutic nuclear medicine; "fluoroscopy" used to support diagnostic and interventional radiology; "military" (e.g. nuclear testing, submarine accidents), and "orphan sources" for overexposures caused by sources fallen outside of regulatory control [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref019" ref-type="bibr">19</xref>]. A category "others" included overexposure accidents resulting from scientific experiments and unknown causes. For cases with incomplete information, missing data were reported as unknown in our extraction sheet.</p></sec><sec id="sec012"><title>Quality of selected articles and reports</title><p>Only cases published in peer-reviewed journals or reported by official experts in radiation management (e.g., IAEA, US NRC, UNSCEAR, REAC/TS) were considered, to ensure the quality of the study. Furthermore, all sources selected for data extraction addressed our review question, which was to understand the characteristics of reported radiation overexposure accidents worldwide and their evolution between 1980 and 2013. Among these, only sources showing evidence of radiation overexposure, as defined in our inclusion criteria, were considered for extraction.</p></sec><sec id="sec013"><title>Analysis</title><p>Our extraction sheet was used to assess the distribution of reported radiation overexposure accidents along recorded items and over time.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="results" id="sec014"><title>Results</title><sec id="sec015"><title>Study selection process</title><p>Out of 5189 articles and reports identified, 296 met our eligibility criteria and were extracted (<xref rid="pone.0118709.g001" ref-type="fig">Fig. 1</xref>). In addition, 194 records of the REAC/TS radiation accidents registry also met our eligibility criteria and were considered for data extraction. 70 of these 194 records were not reported in any other data source considered for this review. For the period 1980–2013, 634 reported radiation overexposure accidents were identified, encompassing 2390 overexposed people, of whom 190 (8%) died from their overexposure.</p><fig id="pone.0118709.g001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709.g001</object-id><label>Fig 1</label><caption><title>PRISMA flow chart.</title><p>Search strategy for retrieving reported radiation overexposure accidents worldwide, 1980–2013.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="pone.0118709.g001"></graphic></fig><p>Extracted cases were categorized by sector in which the accident occurred and by type of overexposure (<xref rid="pone.0118709.t001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>).</p><table-wrap id="pone.0118709.t001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709.t001</object-id><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Reported radiation overexposure accidents by sector and type of overexposure worldwide, 1980–2013.</title></caption><alternatives><graphic id="pone.0118709.t001g" xlink:href="pone.0118709.t001"></graphic><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><colgroup span="1"><col align="left" valign="middle" span="1"></col><col align="left" valign="middle" span="1"></col><col align="left" valign="middle" span="1"></col><col align="left" valign="middle" span="1"></col><col align="left" valign="middle" span="1"></col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Characteristics of overexposure</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Reported accidents</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">People overexposed</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Deaths</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">References</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">n (%)</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">n (%)</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">n (%)</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Industrial</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>169 (27)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>513 (22)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>45 (24)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">120</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">158</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref069" ref-type="bibr">69</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">323</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref032" ref-type="bibr">32</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref036" ref-type="bibr">36</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref046" ref-type="bibr">46</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref055" ref-type="bibr">55</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref069" ref-type="bibr">69</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref104" ref-type="bibr">104</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref046" ref-type="bibr">46</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref069" ref-type="bibr">69</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref074" ref-type="bibr">74</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref075" ref-type="bibr">75</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref082" ref-type="bibr">82</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref105" ref-type="bibr">105</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref126" ref-type="bibr">126</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Radiation therapy</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>202 (32)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1127 (47)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>96 (51)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">129</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">407</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref032" ref-type="bibr">32</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref058" ref-type="bibr">58</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref060" ref-type="bibr">60</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref062" ref-type="bibr">62</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref066" ref-type="bibr">66</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref100" ref-type="bibr">100</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref101" ref-type="bibr">101</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref158" ref-type="bibr">158</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">523</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref036" ref-type="bibr">36</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref057" ref-type="bibr">57</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref062" ref-type="bibr">62</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref063" ref-type="bibr">63</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref066" ref-type="bibr">66</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref100" ref-type="bibr">100</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref129" ref-type="bibr">129</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref139" ref-type="bibr">139</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref143" ref-type="bibr">143</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref148" ref-type="bibr">148</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref150" ref-type="bibr">150</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref153" ref-type="bibr">153</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref154" ref-type="bibr">154</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref156" ref-type="bibr">156</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref179" ref-type="bibr">179</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Local organ</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">182</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref036" ref-type="bibr">36</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref099" ref-type="bibr">99</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref129" ref-type="bibr">129</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref155" ref-type="bibr">155</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref156" ref-type="bibr">156</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref164" ref-type="bibr">164</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref175" ref-type="bibr">175</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref180" ref-type="bibr">180</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref183" ref-type="bibr">183</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref074" ref-type="bibr">74</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref165" ref-type="bibr">165</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref184" ref-type="bibr">184</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Fluoroscopy</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>194 (31)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>400 (17)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0 (0)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref054" ref-type="bibr">54</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref058" ref-type="bibr">58</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref060" ref-type="bibr">60</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref062" ref-type="bibr">62</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref065" ref-type="bibr">65</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref100" ref-type="bibr">100</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref101" ref-type="bibr">101</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref132" ref-type="bibr">132</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref137" ref-type="bibr">137</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref139" ref-type="bibr">139</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref142" ref-type="bibr">142</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref146" ref-type="bibr">146</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref148" ref-type="bibr">148</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref150" ref-type="bibr">150</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref152" ref-type="bibr">152</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref153" ref-type="bibr">153</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref156" ref-type="bibr">156</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref170" ref-type="bibr">170</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref172" ref-type="bibr">172</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref173" ref-type="bibr">173</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref176" ref-type="bibr">176</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref185" ref-type="bibr">185</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref193" ref-type="bibr">193</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">152</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">358</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref012" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref014" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref016" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref018" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref070" ref-type="bibr">70</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref194" ref-type="bibr">194</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref263" ref-type="bibr">263</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref061" ref-type="bibr">61</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Orphan source</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>32 (5)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>225 (9)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>37 (19)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref145" ref-type="bibr">145</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref264" ref-type="bibr">264</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref267" ref-type="bibr">267</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">171</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref005" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref036" ref-type="bibr">36</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref046" ref-type="bibr">46</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref069" ref-type="bibr">69</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref070" ref-type="bibr">70</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref074" ref-type="bibr">74</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref099" ref-type="bibr">99</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref121" ref-type="bibr">121</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref129" ref-type="bibr">129</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref160" ref-type="bibr">160</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref165" ref-type="bibr">165</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref268" ref-type="bibr">268</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref286" ref-type="bibr">286</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref069" ref-type="bibr">69</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref099" ref-type="bibr">99</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref127" ref-type="bibr">127</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref129" ref-type="bibr">129</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref287" ref-type="bibr">287</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref293" ref-type="bibr">293</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Military</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>4 (1)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>64 (3)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>12 (6)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">59</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref294" ref-type="bibr">294</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref296" ref-type="bibr">296</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref074" ref-type="bibr">74</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref099" ref-type="bibr">99</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref297" ref-type="bibr">297</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref299" ref-type="bibr">299</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Other</bold><xref rid="t001fn001" ref-type="table-fn"><sup><bold>a</bold></sup></xref></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>33 (5)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>61 (3)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0 (0)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local organ</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref020" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref098" ref-type="bibr">98</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">57</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref008" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref021" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref039" ref-type="bibr">39</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref121" ref-type="bibr">121</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref298" ref-type="bibr">298</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref300" ref-type="bibr">300</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref302" ref-type="bibr">302</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Local skin & Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref035" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Global</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Total</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>634 (100)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2390 (100)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>190 (100)</bold></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>-</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></alternatives><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t001fn001"><p><sup>a</sup> Scientific experiments and unknown causes.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></sec><sec id="sec016"><title>Characteristics of reported radiation overexposure accidents and evolution over time</title><p>Among the 634 reported radiation accidents identified, most of them occurred in the industrial sector (27%) and in the medical sector through the use of radiation therapy (32%) or fluoroscopy (31%) (<xref rid="pone.0118709.t001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). Reported accidents in radiation therapy were greater in terms of number of overexposed people (47%), followed by accidents in the industrial sector (22%), fluoroscopy (17%) and orphan sources (9%). Finally, the number of deaths resulting from radiation overexposure, was the greatest for accidents reported in radiation therapy (51%), followed by those reported in the industrial sector (24%) and accidents involving orphan sources (19%).</p><p>Over the 1980–2009 period, the number of reported radiation accidents and the number of overexposed people by decade exhibited an overall downward trend (<xref rid="pone.0118709.g002" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2a—b</xref>). The same trend held for each sector separately, except for accidents reported in radiation therapy and medical fluoroscopy. The number of reported radiation therapy accidents per decade increased along the three decades, however the number of overexposed people experienced an overall decrease within the same period. Moreover, the number of reported fluoroscopic accidents increased significantly from the decade 1980–1989 to 1990–1999. Then, while reported fluoroscopic accidents decreased during the decade 2000–2009, the number of overexposed people increased. While industrial and orphan sources accidents accounted together for most reported accidents between 1980 and 1989 (60%), their proportion sharply decreased afterwards, reaching 17% of reported accidents between 2000 and 2009. Radiation therapy and fluoroscopy accidents experienced the opposite trend and ultimately accounted for most reported accidents and most of overexposed people between 2000 and 2009 (respectively 80% and 87%).</p><fig id="pone.0118709.g002" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709.g002</object-id><label>Fig 2</label><caption><title>Reported radiation overexposure accidents worldwide and sector involved, 1980–2013.</title><p>(a) number of reported radiation accidents (b) number of reported overexposed people.<sup>a</sup>Partial decade.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="pone.0118709.g002"></graphic></fig><p>Among reported overexposed people, patients represented the largest share (<xref rid="pone.0118709.g003" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3a</xref>). Additionally, the share of patients among overexposed people increased along the three decades 1980–1989 (44%), 1990–1999 (71%), and 2000–2009 (87%), while the share of public and workers decreased along the same period.</p><fig id="pone.0118709.g003" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709.g003</object-id><label>Fig 3</label><caption><title>Evolution of type of overexposed people and type of injuries in reported radiation accidents worldwide, 1980–2013.</title><p>(a) Type of overexposed people (b) Type of overexposure.<sup>a</sup>Partial decade.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="pone.0118709.g003"></graphic></fig><p>Finally, the types of overexposure in reported accidents also changed (<xref rid="pone.0118709.g003" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3b</xref>). Among retrieved cases, the share of overexposures with a combined local skin and global overexposure decreased from 40% to 6% between the periods 1980–1989 and 2000–2009. The share of global radiation overexposures remained low (below 4%) since the 1980s. However, the share of local organ or local skin overexposures increased over the same period. Local skin overexposures had the highest share during 1980–2013 (46%).</p></sec><sec id="sec017"><title>Profiles of reported radiation overexposures by region</title><p>The number of cases retrieved varied greatly across geographic regions (<xref rid="pone.0118709.g004" ref-type="fig">Fig. 4</xref>). Altogether, North America, South America, Europe and North & Central Asia accounted for 90% of reported overexposures retrieved for the period 1980–2013. Furthermore, the distribution of sectors involved was different from one region to another. Among the four regions with the highest number of reported cases retrieved, the medical sector accounted for most radiation overexposures reported in North America (663 cases, 91%), Europe (642 cases, 93%), and South America (163 cases, 61%). Within the medical sector, the share of reported cases resulting from fluoroscopic overexposures was higher in North America (297 cases, 41%) compared to Europe (55 cases, 8%) and South America (1 case). In contrast, the leading sector of reported radiation overexposure was the industrial one in North and Central Asia (316 cases, 69%).</p><fig id="pone.0118709.g004" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0118709.g004</object-id><label>Fig 4</label><caption><title>Distribution of sectors involved in reported overexposed people by region, 1980–2013.</title></caption><graphic xlink:href="pone.0118709.g004"></graphic></fig></sec></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions" id="sec018"><title>Discussion</title><p>This review explored a wide array of information sources. It included the assessment of peer-reviewed literature, reports from key national and international organizations in radiation management, and the review of the largest international radiation accidents registry, REAC/TS, for the period 1980–2013.</p><p>This review showed that a limited and decreasing number of worldwide radiation accidents have been reported by decade since 1980 and that these accidents can be dramatic, as observed previously [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref271" ref-type="bibr">271</xref>]. Furthermore, this review suggested that the characteristics of reported radiation overexposure accidents differ over time and across regions. These new findings are important for future interventions in radiation protection.</p><sec id="sec019"><title>Overall downward trends</title><p>Our results indicated that the number of reported radiation accidents and overexposed people have decreased over the 1980–2013 period. This likely reflects the impact of continuous efforts in radiation protection. Along the years, the IAEA in conjunction with new ICRP recommendations, has updated safety standards [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref303" ref-type="bibr">303</xref>]. In 1989, it introduced the Safety Standards Series, which includes Safety Fundamentals, Safety Requirements, and Safety Guides [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref304" ref-type="bibr">304</xref>]. These standards are used to improve regulation and radiation protection worldwide [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref305" ref-type="bibr">305</xref>]. For example, ample documentation including lessons learned from accidents in industrial radiography, guidance on safe work practices and training material, have been developed to promote safety prevention in the industrial sector [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref306" ref-type="bibr">306</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref308" ref-type="bibr">308</xref>]. The downward trend in reported radiation accidents could also reflect a decrease in the reporting level. However, this explanation is less likely as the decrease is not observed in all sectors.</p></sec><sec id="sec020"><title>Singularity of the medical sector</title><p>This review suggested that the medical sector accounted for most reported radiation overexposures along 1980–2013. Consistently, most reported cases involved patients and a local skin overexposure component.</p><p>Unlike other sectors, reported radiation therapy accidents increased along the three last decades, while the number of reported overexposed people tended to decrease. Still, for each decade, radiation therapy accidents represented the highest share of overexposed people.</p><p>This upward trend in reported radiation therapy accidents could result from improved reporting or growing use of radiation therapy. UNSCEAR estimated that 5.1 million of radiation therapy treatments were delivered annually worldwide over the 1997–2007 period compared to 4.7 million annually for the period 1991–1996 [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref158" ref-type="bibr">158</xref>]. The introduction of new technologies (e.g., gamma knife, intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT) produced new types of accidental exposures and could also have contributed to this upward trend observed in reported radiation therapy accidents [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref309" ref-type="bibr">309</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref310" ref-type="bibr">310</xref>].</p><p>Furthermore, the average number of people involved per reported accident decreased from the 1980’s to the 2000–09 decade. This figure typically varies according to the cause of the accident. While some errors such as errors in treatment site or dose administered, affect a single patient, other errors such as software issue, calibration or treatment programming errors, can affect multiple patients before the issue comes to light. Error reporting systems such as ROSIS allow learning from the past through knowledge of near-misses, incidents or accidents and constitute essential prevention tools [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref311" ref-type="bibr">311</xref>].</p><p>As the use of radiation therapy is expected to grow even more in the future, it is crucial to ensure high quality assurance standards in order to avoid the multiple possible errors in the course of treatment and thus optimize all benefits of radiation therapy [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref309" ref-type="bibr">309</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref311" ref-type="bibr">311</xref>].</p><p>This review also brings attention to medical fluoroscopy, which ranked second in number of reported accidents for 1980–2013. Corresponding reported radiation accidents increased significantly from the 1980s to the 1990s, and then decreased. This was consistent with the literature [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref017" ref-type="bibr">17</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref018" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref312" ref-type="bibr">312</xref>]. This increase could reflect the expanded use of fluoroscopy since the 1990s. Although fluoroscopy was initially used primarily for diagnostic procedures, it then became widely used during therapeutic interventions (e.g. coronary angioplasty), as it provided a less invasive and costly solution than classic surgery [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref313" ref-type="bibr">313</xref>]. Potential serious adverse effects of fluoroscopy, however, were rapidly encountered and acknowledged. In 1994, the FDA issued a warning following the reporting of several injuries resulting from the prolonged use of fluoroscopic procedures [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref312" ref-type="bibr">312</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref314" ref-type="bibr">314</xref>]. Thereafter, the risks of cumulative radiation exposure through fluoroscopy have been documented. Also, important efforts to track and decrease patients' overall exposure to imaging radiation following the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) safety principle were initiated worldwide and some programs have been implemented successfully at the sub-national level [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref315" ref-type="bibr">315</xref>–<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref317" ref-type="bibr">317</xref>].</p><p>Of note, the increase in number of reported overexposed people through fluoroscopy from 1990–1999 to 2000–2009 despite the decrease in reported accidents over the same period, is primarily due to a single accident involving 206 patients. Its cause was an error in resetting a CT scan, which went undetected for 18 months [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref318" ref-type="bibr">318</xref>]. This accident also accounted for about two thirds of reported fluoroscopic overexposure cases in North America.</p></sec><sec id="sec021"><title>Geographic differences</title><p>Our exploratory analysis suggests that the causes of reported radiation overexposure accidents differ across regions. One possible explanation relates to variations in radiation equipment and radiation use across countries. The review conducted by UNSCEAR for the period 1991–2007 emphasized that the level of X-ray equipment, radiological examinations, and radiation therapy differ greatly from one country to another and tend to be concentrated in a limited set of countries [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref158" ref-type="bibr">158</xref>]. For example, during 1997–2007 three-quarters of all radiation therapy treatments were received in countries, which have at least one physician for every 1,000 people in the general population. Still, these countries only represented 24% of the overall surveyed population [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref158" ref-type="bibr">158</xref>].</p><p>Additionally, differences in reporting by country could also account for the observed differences in causes of overexposure. For example, Baeza highlighted the lack of reports from developing countries when going through ROSIS [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref311" ref-type="bibr">311</xref>].</p><p>Thus, these geographic differences should be monitored and accounted for in prevention strategies. Identifying specific needs and practical challenges in the implementation of the safety standards is cornerstone to adjust prevention efforts adequately and efficiently reduce the incidence of radiation injuries.</p></sec><sec id="sec022"><title>Challenges in reporting radiation injuries</title><p>The reporting of radiation overexposure injuries faces unique challenges even when a well-established regulation and a solid reporting system network are in place. Indeed, the latency period before the appearance of radiation-related adverse effects varies from days to years [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref005" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>]. Thus, people can easily go undiagnosed or be misdiagnosed. Furthermore, radiation injuries are uncommon, which can contribute to diagnostic errors [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref017" ref-type="bibr">17</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref201" ref-type="bibr">201</xref>]. Additionally potential lack of knowledge or access to reporting systems and fear of legal liabilities can be other causes of underreporting [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref007" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>].</p><p>Another major difficulty rises for radiation overexposure accidents resulting from orphan sources or medical fluoroscopy. In these contexts, the exposed subjects often cannot directly relate their injuries to their radiation exposure as they are not aware that they have been exposed to radiation. Even among medical professionals performing procedures assisted by fluoroscopy, a lack of awareness of risks associated with radiation imaging can still exist [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref209" ref-type="bibr">209</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref244" ref-type="bibr">244</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref319" ref-type="bibr">319</xref>]. Additionally, patients noticing their skin lesions usually seek advice from a dermatologist, but without necessarily providing information about their history of prior fluoroscopy. They might think this information irrelevant or simply forget it. This makes the diagnostic of radiation injury even more challenging for dermatologists [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref013" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref016" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref209" ref-type="bibr">209</xref>], [<xref rid="pone.0118709.ref215" ref-type="bibr">215</xref>]. Thus, reported radiation accidents are undoubtedly underestimated.</p></sec><sec id="sec023"><title>Limitations</title><p>This review offers a solid basis of reported radiation overexposure accidents to inform radiation protection planning. Still, it has several limitations.</p><p>Our literature search only included publications written in English and French languages, which might introduce some publication bias. Moreover, our review was limited to sources of information that were publicly available, with the exception of the REAC/TS registry, which has limited public access. Hence, our review does not capture cases that are exclusively reported in private databases (e.g. hospital registries). Thus, our review likely underestimates the number of reported radiation accidents. Additionally, when the date of overexposure was not reported (125 cases out of 2390), date of first symptoms was used as first proxy (11 cases) and date of report as second proxy (114 cases). This might introduce some bias as symptoms can appear months or years following the overexposure. Finally, reporting country was also used as a proxy for country of occurrence when not mentioned explicitly (116 cases out of 2376 with some localization information).</p><p>Despite these limitations, this review captured reported radiation accidents in systematic and consistent way, enabling valuable analysis to support future prevention actions.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions" id="sec024"><title>Conclusion</title><p>This systematic study updates and broadens the view of reported radiation overexposure accidents. It indicates that reported radiation overexposure accidents are rare and decreased from 1980–1989 to 2000–2009. However, their potential dramatic outcomes stress the importance of radiation protection regulations. This review suggests the greater share of the medical sector in reported overexposures, for which the use of radiation has become central and is expected to grow even more in the future. Thereby, it confirms the importance of quality assurance programs in radiation therapy and medical fluoroscopy.</p><p>Finally, this review suggests that the characteristics of reported accidents vary by geography and over time, and are thereby likely to require different interventions. A close reporting and monitoring of radiation overexposure accidents is of great value to inform and prioritize prevention interventions adequately and ultimately reducing further the incidence of these accidents.</p></sec><sec sec-type="supplementary-material" id="sec025"><title>Supporting Information</title><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="pone.0118709.s001"><label>S1 PRISMA Checklist</label><caption><p>(PDF)</p></caption><media xlink:href="pone.0118709.s001.pdf"><caption><p>Click here for additional data file.</p></caption></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="pone.0118709.s002"><label>S1 Protocol</label><caption><p>(PDF)</p></caption><media xlink:href="pone.0118709.s002.pdf"><caption><p>Click here for additional data file.</p></caption></media></supplementary-material></sec></body><back><ack><p>We thank Dr Andre Ulmann, MD, PhD, Chairman of HRA Pharma, France, for providing valuable and extensive comments on the document.</p></ack><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="pone.0118709.ref001"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><bold>.</bold><name><surname>Holmberga</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Czarwinskia</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>The importance and unique aspects of radiation protection in medicine</article-title>. <source>Eur J Radiol</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>76</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>6</fpage>–<lpage>10</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.06.031">10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.06.031</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20638808</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref002"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Use of radiation. 2013. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/radiation/around-us/uses-radiation.html">http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/radiation/around-us/uses-radiation.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref003"><label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>FA</given-names></name>. <article-title>Medical effects and risks of exposure to ionising radiation. Journal of radiological protection</article-title>. <source>J Radiol Prot</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>32</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>N9</fpage>–<lpage>N13</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/32/1/N9">10.1088/0952-4746/32/1/N9</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22395124</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref004"><label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>ICRP</collab>. <article-title>ICRP Publication 118: ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs—Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context, 1st Edition</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>41</volume>(<fpage>1</fpage>–<lpage>2</lpage>). <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.021">10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.021</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23089033</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref005"><label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Diagnosis and treatment of radiation injuries. Safety Reports Series No. 2. Vienna: IAEA; 1998.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref006"><label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Carpeggiani</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kraft</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Caramella</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Semelka</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Picano</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radioprotection (un)awareness in cardiologists, and how to improve it</article-title>. <source>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>28</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>1369</fpage>–<lpage>1374</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-011-9937-8">10.1007/s10554-011-9937-8</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21850411</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref007"><label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Volume II. Annex C: Radiation exposures in accidents. Report to the General Assembly; 2008. pp 1–43.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref008"><label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Oak ridge institute for science and education. Radiation Accident Registries. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://orise.orau.gov/reacts/capabilities/radiological-incident-medical-consultation/radiation-accident-registries.aspx">http://orise.orau.gov/reacts/capabilities/radiological-incident-medical-consultation/radiation-accident-registries.aspx</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref009"><label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Cunningham</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Coffey</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Knöös</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Holmberg</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation Oncology Safety Information System (ROSIS)-profiles of participants and the first 1074 incident reports</article-title>. <source>Radiother Oncol</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>97</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>601</fpage>–<lpage>607</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2010.10.023">10.1016/j.radonc.2010.10.023</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21087801</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref010"><label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Radiation protection of patients—SAFRON. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Modules/login/safron-register.htm">https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Modules/login/safron-register.htm</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref011"><label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Glossary. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/ns/tutorials/regcontrol/intro/glossarya.htm">http://www.iaea.org/ns/tutorials/regcontrol/intro/glossarya.htm</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref012"><label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Aerts</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Decraene</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>van den Oord</surname><given-names>JJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dens</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Janssens</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guelinckx</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following percutaneous coronary interventions: a report of two cases</article-title>. <source>J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>17</volume>(<issue>3</issue>):<fpage>340</fpage>–<lpage>343</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12702082</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref013"><label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Balter</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hopewell</surname><given-names>JW</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Miller</surname><given-names>DL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zelefsky</surname><given-names>MJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures: a review of radiation effects on patients' skin and hair</article-title>. <source>Radiology</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>254</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>326</fpage>–<lpage>341</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2542082312">10.1148/radiol.2542082312</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20093507</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref014"><label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Garcia Reitbock</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Feldmann</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ruhringer</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Breier</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Steiner</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty</article-title>. <source>J Dtsch Dermatol Ges</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>11</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>265</fpage>–<lpage>266</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddg.12004">10.1111/ddg.12004</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23279977</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref015"><label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>ICRP</collab>. <article-title>ICRP Publication 85: Avoidance of Radiation Injuries from Medical Interventional Procedures</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>30</volume>(<issue>2</issue>). <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11459599</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref016"><label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Koenig</surname><given-names>TR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wolff</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>FA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>. <article-title>Skin injuries from fluoroscopically guided procedures: part 1, characteristics of radiation injury</article-title>. <source>Am J Roentgenol</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>177</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>3</fpage>–<lpage>11</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11418388</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref017"><label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Otterburn</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Losken</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>. <article-title>Iatrogenic fluoroscopy injury to the skin</article-title>. <source>Ann Plast Surg</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>65</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>462</fpage>–<lpage>465</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181d6e2d3">10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181d6e2d3</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20948414</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref018"><label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Rehani</surname><given-names>MM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Srimahachota</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Skin injuries in interventional procedures</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2011</year>;<volume>147</volume>(<issue>1–2</issue>): <fpage>8</fpage>–<lpage>12</lpage>.<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21737442</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref019"><label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Ortiz P, Friedrich V, Wheatley J, Oresegun M. Lost and found dangers. Orphan radiation sources raise global concerns. IAEA bulletin.1999. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/magazines/bulletin/bull41-3/41302081821.pdf">http://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/magazines/bulletin/bull41-3/41302081821.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref020"><label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Annex D: Occupational radiation exposures. Report to the General Assembly; 1993. pp 507–549.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref021"><label>21</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Volume I. Annex E: Occupational radiation exposures. Report to the General Assembly; 2000. pp 497–654.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref022"><label>22</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">ALARA. Study case n° 16: Incident in a textile treatment plant in France. 1995. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.eu-alara.net/index.php/incidents-lessons-learned-mainmenu-45.html">http://www.eu-alara.net/index.php/incidents-lessons-learned-mainmenu-45.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref023"><label>23</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">ALARA. Study case n° 9: Radiography incident in Italy. European ALARA Newsletter. 1997; Issue 6. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.eu-alara.net/index.php/incidents-lessons-learned-mainmenu-45.html">http://www.eu-alara.net/index.php/incidents-lessons-learned-mainmenu-45.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref024"><label>24</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Aydin</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tumerdem</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tuncer</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Consequences of radiation accidents</article-title>. <source>Ann Plast Surg</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>53</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>300</fpage>–<lpage>301</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15480026</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref025"><label>25</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Aydin</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tumerdem</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tuncer</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Erer</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>. <article-title>Accidental radiation injury to the hand: A case report</article-title>. <source>Eur J Plast Surg</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>27</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>341</fpage>–<lpage>343</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref026"><label>26</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Becker</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Rosen</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>. <article-title>Acute radiodermatitis from occupational exposure to iridium 192</article-title>. <source>South Med</source>. <year>1989</year>;J <volume>82</volume>(<issue>12</issue>): <fpage>1561</fpage>–<lpage>1563</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2688134</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref027"><label>27</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Belliniani SA, Sahyun A, Graciotti ME, Santos OR, Alvares R. Study of an accidental exposition of three workers during a gammagraphy with 192Ir source, 8th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Montreal. 1992; M1–197. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa8/cdrom/VOL.1/M1_197.PDF">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa8/cdrom/VOL.1/M1_197.PDF</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref028"><label>28</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Berger</surname><given-names>ME</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hurtado</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dunlap</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mutchinick</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Velasco</surname><given-names>MG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tostado</surname><given-names>RA</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Accidental radiation injury to the hand: anatomical and physiological considerations</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>72</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>343</fpage>–<lpage>348</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9030835</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref029"><label>29</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Chanteur</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Forbach: un accident d’irradiation</article-title>. <source>Médecins et Rayonnements Ionisants</source>. <year>1992</year>;<volume>3</volume>:<fpage>5</fpage>–<lpage>6</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref030"><label>30</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Conde-Salazar</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guimaraens</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Romero</surname><given-names>LV</given-names></name>. <article-title>Occupational radiodermatitis from Ir192 exposure</article-title>. <source>Contact Dermatitis</source>. <year>1986</year>;<volume>15</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>202</fpage>–<lpage>204</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2948756</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref031"><label>31</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Da Silva</surname><given-names>FC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hunt</surname><given-names>JG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ramalho</surname><given-names>AT</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Crispim</surname><given-names>VR</given-names></name>. <article-title>Dose reconstruction of a Brazilian industrial gamma radiography partial-body overexposure case</article-title>. <source>J Radiol Prot</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>25</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>289</fpage>–<lpage>298</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16286691</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref032"><label>32</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gonzalez</surname><given-names>AJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Timely Action. Strenghthening the safety of radiation sources & the security of radioactive materials</article-title>. <source>IAEA bulletin</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>41</volume>(<issue>3</issue>):<fpage>2</fpage>–<lpage>15</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref033"><label>33</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Guimaraens</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Conde-Salazar</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sanchez Yus</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiodermatitis from iridium-192 exposure and allergic contact dermatitis</article-title>. <source>Contact Dermatitis</source>. <year>1992</year>;<volume>26</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>266</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">1395568</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref034"><label>34</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Hosoda</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tokonami</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Akiba</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kurihara</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sorimachi</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ishikawa</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Estimation of internal exposure of the thyroid to (131)I on the basis of (134)Cs accumulated in the body among evacuees of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident</article-title>. <source>Environ Int</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>61</volume>: <fpage>73</fpage>–<lpage>76</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.013">10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.013</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">24103348</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref035"><label>35</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Ilyin LA, Soloviev VY, Baranov AE, Guskova AK, Nadezhina NM, Gusev IA. Early Medical Consequences of Radiation Incidents in the Former URRS Territory. 11th International Congress of IRPA. 2002. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://irpa11.irpa.net/pdfs/7c20.pdf">http://irpa11.irpa.net/pdfs/7c20.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref036"><label>36</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire. Rayonnements ionisants et accidents d’irradiation. 2006. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irsn.fr/FR/connaissances/Sante/effet-sur-homme/accidents-sanitaires/aide-au-diagnostic/Documents/irsn_aide-au-diagnostic_rayonnements-ionisants-accidents-irradiation.pdf">http://www.irsn.fr/FR/connaissances/Sante/effet-sur-homme/accidents-sanitaires/aide-au-diagnostic/Documents/irsn_aide-au-diagnostic_rayonnements-ionisants-accidents-irradiation.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref037"><label>37</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire. Les Accidents Dus Aux Rayonnements Ionisants—Le bilan d'un demi-siecle. 2007. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irsn.fr/FR/Larecherche/publications-documentation/collection-ouvrages-IRSN/Documents/IRSN_reference_les_accidents_dus_aux_rayonnements_ionisants.pdf">http://www.irsn.fr/FR/Larecherche/publications-documentation/collection-ouvrages-IRSN/Documents/IRSN_reference_les_accidents_dus_aux_rayonnements_ionisants.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref038"><label>38</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <source>An electron accelerator accident in Hanoi, Viet Nam</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1996</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref039"><label>39</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>Planning the Medical Response to Radiological Accidents</chapter-title><source>Safety Reports Series No. 4</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1998</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref040"><label>40</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2007. 2008. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref041"><label>41</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2010. 2011. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref042"><label>42</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Overexposure to a Radiographer Trainee's Extremities. 2011. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www-news.iaea.org/ErfView.aspx?mId=d8a69871-04f2-414d-8164-a9e350da0e30">http://www-news.iaea.org/ErfView.aspx?mId=d8a69871-04f2-414d-8164-a9e350da0e30</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref043"><label>43</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>JI</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>JH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>YJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>JW</given-names></name>. <article-title>Thumb reconstruction with a wrap-around free flap in hand radiation injury</article-title>. <source>Microsurgery</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>32</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>401</fpage>–<lpage>405</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/micr.21966">10.1002/micr.21966</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22422545</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref044"><label>44</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Matsuda</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kumagai</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ohtsuru</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Morita</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Miura</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Yoshida</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Assessment of internal exposure doses in Fukushima by a whole body counter within one month after the nuclear power plant accident</article-title>. <source>Radiat Res</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>179</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>663</fpage>–<lpage>668</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR3232.1">10.1667/RR3232.1</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23642080</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref045"><label>45</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nakagawa</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Aoki</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kozuka</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sakata</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tago</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Muta</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Argatroban in the treatment of radiation injury of the hand: a case report</article-title>. <source>Current Therapeutic Research</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>58</volume>: <fpage>323</fpage>–<lpage>329</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref046"><label>46</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Natsoulas A. The Dangers of Food Irradiation Facilities Worldwide Provided by Public Citizen. 2002. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.citizen.org/documents/australialawsuit.pdf">http://www.citizen.org/documents/australialawsuit.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref047"><label>47</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">OTHEA-RELIR. Deterministic effects to worker's hand during unauthorised density gauge disassembly. 1995. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.othea.net/index.php/en/reports-industrial/78-jauges/36-manipulation-dune-jauge-dans-une-usine-de-traitement-de-textile.html">http://www.othea.net/index.php/en/reports-industrial/78-jauges/36-manipulation-dune-jauge-dans-une-usine-de-traitement-de-textile.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref048"><label>48</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Parajuli</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tanaka</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hakuta</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Minami</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fukuda</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Umeoka</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Dealing with the aftermath of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident: decontamination of radioactive cesium enriched ash</article-title>. <source>Environ Sci Technol</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>47</volume>(<issue>8</issue>): <fpage>3800</fpage>–<lpage>3806</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es303467n">10.1021/es303467n</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23484742</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref049"><label>49</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Raina</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Samuel</surname><given-names>AM</given-names></name>. <article-title>Isotope angiography and blood pool imaging as a procedure for assessing radiation-induced injuries to the hands</article-title>. <source>Clin Nucl Med</source>.<year>1992</year>;<volume>17</volume>(<issue>8</issue>): <fpage>646</fpage>–<lpage>651</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">1324128</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref050"><label>50</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Schauer</surname><given-names>DA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Coursey</surname><given-names>BM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dick</surname><given-names>CE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>McLaughlin</surname><given-names>WL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Puhl</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Desrosiers</surname><given-names>MF</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>A radiation accident at an industrial accelerator facility</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>1993</year>;<volume>65</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>131</fpage>–<lpage>140</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8330958</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref051"><label>51</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Schauer</surname><given-names>DA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Desrosiers</surname><given-names>MF</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kuppusamy</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zweier</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation dosimetry of an accidental overexposure using EPR spectrometry and imaging of human bone</article-title>. <source>Appl Radiat Isot</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>47</volume>(<issue>11–12</issue>): <fpage>1345</fpage>–<lpage>1350</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9022195</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref052"><label>52</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1981. NUREG-0090. 1981;v4(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref053"><label>53</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1981. NUREG-0090. 1982;v4(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref054"><label>54</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March. 1985. NUREG-0090. 1985;v8(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref055"><label>55</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March. 1986. NUREG-0090. 1986;v9(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref056"><label>56</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March. 1988. NUREG-0090. 1988;v11(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref057"><label>57</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September. 1987. NUREG-0090. 1988;v10(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref058"><label>58</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1990. NUREG-0090. 1990;v13(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref059"><label>59</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Accidental Radiation Overexposures to Personnel due to Industrial Radiography Accessory Equipment Malfunctions. Information Notice No. 91–23; 1991. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/gen-comm/info-notices/1991/in91023.html">http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/gen-comm/info-notices/1991/in91023.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref060"><label>60</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1990. NUREG-0090. 1991;v13(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref061"><label>61</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1992. NUREG-0090. 1993; v15(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref062"><label>62</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1994. NUREG-0090. 1994; v17(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref063"><label>63</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1993. NUREG-0090. 1994;v16(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref064"><label>64</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 1999. NUREG-0090. 2000;v22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref065"><label>65</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2002. NUREG-0090. 2003;v25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref066"><label>66</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2006. NUREG-0090. 2007;v29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref067"><label>67</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Valverde</surname><given-names>NJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lucena</surname><given-names>MC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Briglian</surname><given-names>CH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Oliveira</surname><given-names>AR</given-names></name>. <article-title>Accidental exposure to X-ray from a diffractometer</article-title>. <source>Rev Assoc Med Bras</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>46</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>81</fpage>–<lpage>87</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10770908</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref068"><label>68</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>WHO</collab>. <article-title>Global report on Fukushima nuclear accident details health risks</article-title>. <source>Wkly Epidemiol Rec</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>88</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>115</fpage>–<lpage>116</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23544237</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref069"><label>69</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Ziqiang</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shengen</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huiling</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>. <article-title>Exposure dose assessment and discussion on radioisotope production and application</article-title>. <source>J Radioanal Nucl Chem</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>206</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>239</fpage>–<lpage>249</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref070"><label>70</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Akita</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Yoshimoto</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ohtsuru</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hirano</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Yamashita</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells are effective for chronic intractable radiation injuries</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>151</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>656</fpage>–<lpage>660</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22914335</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref071"><label>71</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Barriga</surname><given-names>LE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zaharia</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pinillos</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Moscol</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Heredia</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sarria</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Long-term follow-up of radiation accident patients in Peru: review of two cases</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>151</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>652</fpage>–<lpage>655</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22914334</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref072"><label>72</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Bertho</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Roy</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Souidi</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Benderitter</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bey</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Racine</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Initial evaluation and follow-up of acute radiation syndrome in two patients from the Dakar accident</article-title>. <source>Biomarkers</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>14</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>94</fpage>–<lpage>102</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547500902773904">10.1080/13547500902773904</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19330587</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref073"><label>73</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Clairand</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huet</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Trompier</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bottollier-Depois</surname><given-names>JF</given-names></name>. <article-title>Physical dosimetric reconstruction of a radiological accident due to gammagraphy equipment that occurred in Dakar and Abidjan in summer 2006</article-title>. <source>Radiation Measurements</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>43</volume>(<issue>2–6</issue>): <fpage>698</fpage>–<lpage>703</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20862212</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref074"><label>74</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Commission des Communautés européennes. Radioprotection—n° 39. Acte du seminaire: Problèmes d'intervention médicale à mettre en oeuvre en cas de surexposition aux rayonnements ionisants. Luxembourg, 19–21 février 1986. Bruxelles, Luxembourg: Office des publications officielles des Communautés européennes; 1989.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref075"><label>75</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gourmelon</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Benderitter</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bertho</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huet</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gorin</surname><given-names>NC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>De Revel</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>. <article-title>European consensus on the medical management of acute radiation syndrome and analysis of the radiation accidents in Belgium and Senegal</article-title>. <source>Health phys</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>98</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>825</fpage>–<lpage>832</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ce64d4">10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ce64d4</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20445389</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref076"><label>76</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gregoire</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hadjidekova</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hristova</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gruel</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Roch-Lefevre</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Voisin</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Biological dosimetry assessments of a serious radiation accident in Bulgaria in 2011</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>155</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>418</fpage>–<lpage>422</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nct032">10.1093/rpd/nct032</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23460030</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref077"><label>77</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Hadjidekova</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hristova</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ainsbury</surname><given-names>EA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Atanasova</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Staynova</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>. <article-title>The use of the dicentric assay for biological dosimetry for radiation accidents in Bulgaria</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>98</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>252</fpage>–<lpage>257</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ab3ccf">10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ab3ccf</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20065690</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref078"><label>78</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in San Salvador</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1990</year></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref079"><label>79</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident at the Irradiation Facility in Nesvizh</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1996</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref080"><label>80</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Yanango</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2000</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref081"><label>81</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Criticality Accident in Sarov</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2001</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref082"><label>82</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <source>Follow-up of delayed health consequences of acute accidental radiation exposure Lessons to be learned from their medical management</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2002</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref083"><label>83</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Gilan</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2002</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref084"><label>84</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2008. 2009. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref085"><label>85</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Nueva Aldea</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2009</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref086"><label>86</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2009. 2010. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref087"><label>87</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Accident in Industrial Radiography. 2012. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www-news.iaea.org/ErfView.aspx?mId">http://www-news.iaea.org/ErfView.aspx?mId</ext-link> = aedb233e-67a2-4786-a1c8-903592619080. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref088"><label>88</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Jose de Lima Valverde</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ferreira da Silva</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tantalean</surname><given-names>OB</given-names></name>. <article-title>An update on three radiation accidents in South America</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>98</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>868</fpage>–<lpage>871</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.HP.0000345070.33576.f9">10.1097/01.HP.0000345070.33576.f9</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20445396</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref089"><label>89</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Ketiku</surname><given-names>KK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ogunleye</surname><given-names>OT</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation accidents in a developing country: the Nigerian experience</article-title>. <source>West Afr J Med</source>. <year>1994</year>;<volume>13</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>63</fpage>–<lpage>65</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8080836</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref090"><label>90</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Kramer</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Santos</surname><given-names>AM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Brayner</surname><given-names>CA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Khoury</surname><given-names>HJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Vieira</surname><given-names>JW</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lima</surname><given-names>FR</given-names></name>. <article-title>Application of the MAX/EGS4 exposure model to the dosimetry of the Yanango radiation accident</article-title>. <source>Phys Med Biol</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>50</volume>(<issue>16</issue>): <fpage>3681</fpage>–<lpage>3695</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16077221</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref091"><label>91</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lataillade</surname><given-names>JJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Doucet</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bey</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Carsin</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huet</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Clairand</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>New approach to radiation burn treatment by dosimetry-guided surgery combined with autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy</article-title>. <source>Regen Med</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>2</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>785</fpage>–<lpage>794</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17907931</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref092"><label>92</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lloyd</surname><given-names>DC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Edwards</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fitzsimons</surname><given-names>EJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Evans</surname><given-names>CD</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Railton</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jeffrey</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Death of a classified worker probably caused by overexposure to gamma radiation</article-title>. <source>Occup Environ Med</source>. <year>1994</year>;<volume>51</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>713</fpage>–<lpage>718</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8000499</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref093"><label>93</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Lloyd D. A gamma radiography accident in Russia—a lesson learned the hard way. E-bulletin No 2. Radiological protection bulletin. 2002. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140714084352/">http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140714084352/</ext-link><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1211528166125">http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1211528166125</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref094"><label>94</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Pass</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>. <article-title>Collective radiation biodosimetry for dose reconstruction of acute accidental exposures: a review</article-title>. <source>Environ Health Perspect</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>105</volume><issue>Suppl 6</issue>: <fpage>1397</fpage>–<lpage>1402</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9467051</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref095"><label>95</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Pass</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>AE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kleshchenko</surname><given-names>ED</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Aldrich</surname><given-names>JE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Scallion</surname><given-names>PL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gale</surname><given-names>RP</given-names></name>. <article-title>Collective biodosimetry as a dosimetric "gold standard": a study of three radiation accidents</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>72</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>390</fpage>–<lpage>396</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9030840</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref096"><label>96</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sevan'kaev</surname><given-names>AV</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lloyd</surname><given-names>DC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Edwards</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Moquet</surname><given-names>JE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nugis</surname><given-names>VY</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>GM</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Cytogenetic investigations of serious overexposures to an industrial gamma radiography source</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2002</year>;<volume>102</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>201</fpage>–<lpage>206</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12430960</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref097"><label>97</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1981. NUREG-0090. 1981;v4(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref098"><label>98</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1984. NUREG-0090. 1985;v7(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref099"><label>99</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Report to the General Assembly; 1988. pp 1–46.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref100"><label>100</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1993. NUREG-0090. 1994;v16(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref101"><label>101</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 1997. NUREG-0090. 1998;v20.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref102"><label>102</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Volume II. Annex J: Exposures and effects of the Chernobyl accident. Report to the General Assembly; 2000. pp 453–566.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref103"><label>103</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>UNSCEAR</collab>. <article-title>UN Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation confirms earlier IAEA assessments of radiological consequences of Chernobyl accident</article-title>. <source>Sci Total Environ</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>258</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>209</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11007292</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref104"><label>104</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Vargo</surname><given-names>GJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>A brief history of nuclear criticality accidents in Russia-1953–1997</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>77</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>505</fpage>–<lpage>511</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10524503</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref105"><label>105</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Akashi</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hirama</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tanosaki</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kuroiwa</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nakagawa</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tsuji</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Initial symptoms of acute radiation syndrome in the JCO criticality accident in Tokai-mura</article-title>. <source>Journal Radiat Res</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>42</volume> Suppl: <fpage>S157</fpage>–<lpage>166</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11791749</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref106"><label>106</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Bertho</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Roy</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Souidi</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gueguen</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lataillade</surname><given-names>JJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Prat</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>New biological indicators to evaluate and monitor radiation-induced damage: an accident case report</article-title>. <source>Radiat Res</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>169</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>543</fpage>–<lpage>550</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR1259.1">10.1667/RR1259.1</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18439044</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref107"><label>107</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Chiba</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Saito</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ogawa</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Takeuchi</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kumano</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Seo</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Transplantation for accidental acute high-dose total body neutron- and gamma-radiation exposure</article-title>. <source>Bone Marrow Transplant</source>. <year>2002</year>;<volume>29</volume>(<issue>11</issue>): <fpage>935</fpage>–<lpage>939</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12080361</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref108"><label>108</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>Federal register</collab>. <year>1995</year><month>7</month> 25;<volume>60</volume>(<issue>142</issue>): <fpage>38059</fpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref109"><label>109</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Fujimoto</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>. <article-title>Nuclear accident in Tokai, Japan</article-title>. <source>J Radiol Prot</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>19</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>377</fpage>–<lpage>380</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10616783</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref110"><label>110</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Fujimoto K. Nuclear Accident in Tokai, Japan, 10th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Hiroshima. S-1; 2000. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01329.pdf">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01329.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref111"><label>111</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Guo</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dong</surname><given-names>Z</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Qiao</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sun</surname><given-names>Q</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Severe acute radiation syndrome: treatment of a lethally 60Co-source irradiated accident victim in China with HLA-mismatched peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and mesenchymal stem cells</article-title>. <source>J Radiat Res</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>55</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>205</fpage>–<lpage>209</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrt102">10.1093/jrr/rrt102</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23979075</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref112"><label>112</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Hoashi</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Okochi</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kadono</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tamaki</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nishida</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Futami</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>A case of acute radiation syndrome from the dermatological aspect</article-title>. <source>Br J Dermatol</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>158</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>597</fpage>–<lpage>602</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08475.x">10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08475.x</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18275523</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref113"><label>113</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Igaki</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nakagawa</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Uozaki</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Akahane</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hosoi</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fukayama</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of a heavily radiation-exposed worker at the Tokai-mura criticality accident</article-title>. <source>J Radiat Res</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>49</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>55</fpage>–<lpage>62</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17938558</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref114"><label>114</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Soreq</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1993</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref115"><label>115</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Report on the Preliminary Fact Finding Mission Following the Accident at the Nuclear Fuel Processing Facility in Tokaimura, Japan. Non-serial Publications. Vienna: IAEA; 1999.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref116"><label>116</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2006. 2007. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref117"><label>117</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Ishii</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Futami</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nishida</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Suzuki</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sakamoto</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Suzuki</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Brief note and evaluation of acute-radiation syndrome and treatment of a Tokai-mura criticality accident patient</article-title>. <source>J Radiat Res</source>. <year>2001</year>; <volume>42</volume> Suppl: <fpage>S167</fpage>–<lpage>182</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11791750</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref118"><label>118</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Kaga</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Maeshima</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tsuzuku</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kondo</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Morizono</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>. <article-title>Temporal bone histopathological features of a worker who received high doses of radiation in a criticality accident: a case report</article-title>. <source>Acta Otolaryngol</source>. <year>2011</year>; <volume>131</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>451</fpage>–<lpage>455</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489.2010.533700">10.3109/00016489.2010.533700</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21162658</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref119"><label>119</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Kanamori M. Dose Assessment for Workers in the Site and Neighboring Residents in the JCO Critically Accident, 10th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Hiroshima. S-2; 2000. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01330.pdf">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01330.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref120"><label>120</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Reitan</surname><given-names>JB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Brinch</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Beiske</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>. <article-title>Multi-organ failure aspects of a fatal radiation accident in Norway in 1982</article-title>. <source>BJR</source>. <year>2005</year>;supplement <volume>27</volume>: <fpage>36</fpage>–<lpage>40</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref121"><label>121</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><name><surname>Repacholi</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Souchkevitch</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Turai</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>. <source>Proceedings of the 8th Coordination meeting of WHO Collaborating Centres in Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network, REMPAN</source>. 4–7 June 2000, <publisher-loc>NRPB, Chilton, UK. Geneva</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>WHO</publisher-name>; <year>2002</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref122"><label>122</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Stavem</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Brogger</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Devik</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Flatby</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>van der Hagen</surname><given-names>CB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Henriksen</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Lethal acute gamma radiation accident at Kjeller, Norway</article-title>. <source>Report of a case. Acta Radiol Oncol</source>. <year>1985</year>;<volume>24</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>61</fpage>–<lpage>63</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2984904</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref123"><label>123</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Suzuki</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nishida</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Futami</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fukino</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Amaki</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Aizawa</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Neoendothelialization after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in humans: a case report of a Tokaimura nuclear accident victim</article-title>. <source>Cardiovasc Res</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>58</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>487</fpage>–<lpage>492</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12757883</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref124"><label>124</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (1981) Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1980. NUREG-0090. 1981;v3(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref125"><label>125</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Yao</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jiang</surname><given-names>BR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ai</surname><given-names>HS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>YF</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>GX</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Man</surname><given-names>QH</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Biological dose estimation for two severely exposed patients in a radiation accident in Shandong Jining, China, in 2004</article-title>. <source>Int J Radiat Biol</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>86</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>800</fpage>–<lpage>808</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09553002.2010.481320">10.3109/09553002.2010.481320</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20636236</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref126"><label>126</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Yao</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guo</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bai</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Man</surname><given-names>Q</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Estimation of the biological dose received by five victims of a radiation accident using three different cytogenetic tools</article-title>. <source>Mutat Res</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>751</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>66</fpage>–<lpage>72</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.11.005">10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.11.005</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23201537</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref127"><label>127</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Cosset</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gourmelon</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>. <article-title>Accidents in radiotherapy: historical account</article-title>. <source>Cancer Radiother</source>. <year>2002</year>;Suppl <volume>1</volume>: <fpage>166s</fpage>–<lpage>170s</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12587395</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref128"><label>128</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Derreumaux</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Etard</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huet</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Trompier</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Clairand</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bottollier-Depois</surname><given-names>JF</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Lessons from recent accidents in radiation therapy in France</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>131</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>130</fpage>–<lpage>135</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncn235">10.1093/rpd/ncn235</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18725379</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref129"><label>129</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>Applying Radiation Safety Standards in Radiotherapy</chapter-title><source>Safety Reports Series No. 38</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2006</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref130"><label>130</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Miura</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kusuhara</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Numata</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shirato</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hashine</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sumiyoshi</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Radiation pneumonitis caused by a migrated brachytherapy seed lodged in the lung</article-title>. <source>Jpn J Clin Oncol</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>38</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>623</fpage>–<lpage>625</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyn063">10.1093/jjco/hyn063</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18676993</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref131"><label>131</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Stabin</surname><given-names>MG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Watson</surname><given-names>EE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Marcus</surname><given-names>CS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Salk</surname><given-names>RD</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation dosimetry for the adult female and fetus from iodine-131 administration in hyperthyroidism</article-title>. <source>J Nucl Med</source>. <year>1991</year>;<volume>32</volume>(<issue>5</issue>):<fpage>808</fpage>–<lpage>813</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2022987</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref132"><label>132</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1985. NUREG-0090. 1985;v8(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref133"><label>133</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1986. NUREG-0090. 1987;v9(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref134"><label>134</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1990. NUREG-0090. 1990;v13(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref135"><label>135</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1991. NUREG-0090. 1992;v14(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref136"><label>136</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1993. NUREG-0090. 1993;v16(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref137"><label>137</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1993. NUREG-0090. 1993;v16(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref138"><label>138</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1992. NUREG-0090. 1993;v15(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref139"><label>139</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1994. NUREG-0090. 1994;v17(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref140"><label>140</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1995. NUREG-0090. 1995;v18(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref141"><label>141</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1995. NUREG-0090. 1995;v18(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref142"><label>142</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1994. NUREG-0090. 1995;v17(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref143"><label>143</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1994. NUREG-0090. 1995;v17(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref144"><label>144</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1995. NUREG-0090. 1996;v18(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref145"><label>145</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 1996. NUREG-0090. 1997;v19.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref146"><label>146</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 1998. NUREG-0090. 1999;v21.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref147"><label>147</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2000. NUREG-0090. 2001;v23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref148"><label>148</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2003. NUREG-0090. 2004;v26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref149"><label>149</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2004. NUREG-0090. 2005;v27.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref150"><label>150</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2005. NUREG-0090. 2006;v28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref151"><label>151</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Gamma knife treatment to wrongside of brain. Event notification No 43756; 2007. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/event-status/event/2007/20071029en.html">http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/event-status/event/2007/20071029en.html</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref152"><label>152</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2007. NUREG-0090. 2008;v30.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref153"><label>153</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2008. NUREG-0090. 2009;v31.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref154"><label>154</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2009. NUREG-0090. 2010;v32.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref155"><label>155</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2010. NUREG-0090 2011;v33.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref156"><label>156</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2011. NUREG-0090. 2012;v34.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref157"><label>157</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to Congress on abnormal occurrences. Fiscal year 2012. NUREG-0090. 2013;v35.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref158"><label>158</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Volume I. Annex A: Medical radiation exposures. Report to the General Assembly; 2008. pp 21–220.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref159"><label>159</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Borras</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>. <article-title>Overexposure of radiation therapy patients in Panama: problem recognition and follow-up measures</article-title>. <source>Rev Panam Salud Publica</source>. <year>2006</year>;<volume>20</volume>(<issue>2–3</issue>): <fpage>173</fpage>–<lpage>187</lpage>.<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17199912</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref160"><label>160</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2001. 2002. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/">http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Reports/</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref161"><label>161</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>Accidental Overexposure of Radiotherapy Patients in Bialystok</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2004</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref162"><label>162</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Severe radiotherapy accident involving 23 patients. 2005. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/ArchivedNews/3_SevereRadiotherapyAccident23patients.htm">https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/ArchivedNews/3_SevereRadiotherapyAccident23patients.htm</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref163"><label>163</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Kusama T, Besho Y, Ohta K, Kai M, Yoshizawa Y. Overexposure cases on the extremities in radiological accidents, 8th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Montreal. 1992; M1–199. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irpa.net/irpa8/cdrom/VOL.1/M1_199.PDF">http://www.irpa.net/irpa8/cdrom/VOL.1/M1_199.PDF</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref164"><label>164</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Leveson</surname><given-names>NG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Turner</surname><given-names>CS</given-names></name>. <article-title>An investigation of the Therac-25 accidents</article-title>. <source>IEEE Computer</source>. <year>1993</year>;<volume>26</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>18</fpage>–<lpage>41</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref165"><label>165</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nenot</surname><given-names>JC</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation accidents over the last 60 years</article-title>. <source>J Radiol Prot</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>29</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>301</fpage>–<lpage>320</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/29/3/R01">10.1088/0952-4746/29/3/R01</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19690364</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref166"><label>166</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Ortiz P, Oresegun M, Wheatley J. Lessons from Major Radiation Accidents. 2000. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/00140.pdf">http://www.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/00140.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref167"><label>167</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Peiffert</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Simon</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Eschwege</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>Epinal radiotherapy accident: passed, present, future</article-title>. <source>Cancer Radiothe</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>11</volume>(<issue>6–7</issue>): <fpage>309</fpage>–<lpage>312</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref168"><label>168</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Rojkind RH, Kunst JJ, Gisone P, Palacios E. Accident in a linear electron accelerator for medical use, 7th IRPA Congress Proceedings. V3–197. 1996. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irpa.net/irpa9/cdrom/VOL.3/V3_197.PDF">http://www.irpa.net/irpa9/cdrom/VOL.3/V3_197.PDF</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref169"><label>169</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Tobias</surname><given-names>JS</given-names></name>. <article-title>What went wrong at Exeter?</article-title><source>BMJ</source>. <year>1988</year>;<volume>297</volume>(<issue>6645</issue>): <fpage>372</fpage>–<lpage>373</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">3408974</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref170"><label>170</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1985. NUREG-0090. 1986;v8(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref171"><label>171</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1985. NUREG-0090. 1986;v8(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref172"><label>172</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1987. NUREG-0090. 1987;v10(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref173"><label>173</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1986. NUREG-0090. 1987;v9(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref174"><label>174</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1989. NUREG-0090. 1989;v12(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref175"><label>175</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1988. NUREG-0090. 1989;v11(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref176"><label>176</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1991. NUREG-0090. 1991; v14(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref177"><label>177</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Vatnitsky</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ortiz Lopez</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Izewska</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Meghzifene</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>. <article-title>The radiation overexposure of radiotherapy patients in Panama 15 June 2001</article-title>. <source>Radiother Oncol</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>60</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>237</fpage>–<lpage>238</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11514002</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref178"><label>178</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Wack G, Lalande F. Inspection générale des affaires sociales. Résumé du rapport ASN n° 2006 ENSTR 019—IGAS n° RM 2007–015P sur l’accident de radiothérapie d’Epinal. 2007. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/Documents/Whitepapers/rapport_IGAS-ASN.pdf">https://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/Documents/Whitepapers/rapport_IGAS-ASN.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref179"><label>179</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Woudstra</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huizenga</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>van de Poel</surname><given-names>JA</given-names></name>. <article-title>Possible leakage radiation during malfunctioning of a Sagittaire accelerator</article-title>. <source>Radiother Oncol</source>. <year>1993</year>;<volume>29</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>39</fpage>–<lpage>44</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8295986</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref180"><label>180</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Cosset</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>. <article-title>ESTRO Breur Gold Medal Award Lecture 2001: irradiation accidents—lessons for oncology?</article-title><source>Radiother Oncol</source>. <year>2002</year>;<volume>63</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>1</fpage>–<lpage>10</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12065098</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref181"><label>181</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>Accidental Overexposure of Radiotherapy Patients in San José, Costa Rica</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1998</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref182"><label>182</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Johnston AM. Unintended overexposure of patient Lisa Norris during radiotherapy treatment at the Beatson Oncology Centre, Glasgow in January 2006. 2006. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/153082/0041158.pdf">http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/153082/0041158.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref183"><label>183</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Loria D. Lesson from the past: Radiation Therapy Overexposure. Science 20. 2009. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.science20.com/medical_physics_notes/blog/lesson_past_radiation_therapy_overexposure">http://www.science20.com/medical_physics_notes/blog/lesson_past_radiation_therapy_overexposure</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref184"><label>184</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nenot</surname><given-names>JC</given-names></name>. <article-title>Clinical management for localised overexposure</article-title>. <source>J Soc Radiol Prot</source>. <year>1985</year>;<volume>5</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>55</fpage>–<lpage>58</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref185"><label>185</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1986. NUREG-0090. 1986;v9(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref186"><label>186</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1987. NUREG-0090. 1987;v10(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref187"><label>187</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, January-March 1989. NUREG-0090. 1989;v12(1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref188"><label>188</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1988. NUREG-0090. 1989;v11(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref189"><label>189</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Errors in the Use of Radioactive Iodine-131. Information Notice No. 90–59; 1990.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref190"><label>190</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1989. NUREG-0090. 1990;v12(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref191"><label>191</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, October-December 1989. NUREG-0090. 1990;v12(4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref192"><label>192</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, July-September 1990. NUREG-0090. 1991;v13(3).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref193"><label>193</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1992. NUREG-0090. 1992;v15(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref194"><label>194</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Allen</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cuzzone</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Rowin</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Perdrizet</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Babigian</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopic radiation burn after embolization of a spinal arteriovenous malformation</article-title>. <source>J Burn Care Res</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>30</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>349</fpage>–<lpage>351</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BCR.0b013e318198a710">10.1097/BCR.0b013e318198a710</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19165100</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref195"><label>195</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Archer</surname><given-names>BR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>. <article-title>Protecting patients by training physicians in fluoroscopic radiation management</article-title>. <source>J Appl Clin Med Phys</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>1</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>32</fpage>–<lpage>37</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11674817</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref196"><label>196</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Banaag</surname><given-names>LdeO</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Carter</surname><given-names>MJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radionecrosis induced by cardiac imaging procedures: a case study of a 66-year-old diabetic male with several comorbidities</article-title>. <source>J Invasive Cardiol</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>20</volume>(<issue>8</issue>): <fpage>E233</fpage>–<lpage>236</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18688069</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref197"><label>197</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Banic</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Meier</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Banic</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Weinand</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>. <article-title>Thoracic radionecrosis following repeated cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Radiol Research Pract</source>. <year>2011</year>;<fpage>201839</fpage><comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/201839">10.1155/2011/201839</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22091376</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref198"><label>198</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Barnea</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Amir</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shafir</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Weiss</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gur</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis injury after cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Ann Plast Surg</source>. <year>2002</year>;<volume>49</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>668</fpage>–<lpage>672</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12461452</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref199"><label>199</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Bassas Freixas</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bartralot Soler</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Aparicio Espanol</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Garcia-Patos Briones</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiodermatitis after fluoroscopy-guided diagnostic and therapeutic procedures</article-title>. <source>Med Clin</source><year>2007</year>;<volume>129</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>397</fpage>–<lpage>398</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref200"><label>200</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Berlin</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced skin injuries and fluoroscopy</article-title>. <source>Am J Roentgenol</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>177</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>21</fpage>–<lpage>25</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11418391</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref201"><label>201</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Boncher</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bergfeld</surname><given-names>WF</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced chronic radiation dermatitis: a report of two additional cases and a brief review of the literature</article-title>. <source>J Cutan Pathol</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>39</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>63</fpage>–<lpage>67</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.2011.01754.x">10.1111/j.1600-0560.2011.01754.x</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21752059</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref202"><label>202</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Cante</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Doutre</surname><given-names>MS</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis after a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt</article-title>. <source>Ann Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>2011</year>;<volume>138</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>424</fpage>–<lpage>425</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2011.01.041">10.1016/j.annder.2011.01.041</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21570570</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref203"><label>203</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Carstens</surname><given-names>GJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Horowitz</surname><given-names>MB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Purdy</surname><given-names>PD</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pandya</surname><given-names>AG</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation dermatitis after spinal arteriovenous malformation embolization: case report</article-title>. <source>Neuroradiology</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>38</volume><issue>Suppl 1</issue>: <fpage>S160</fpage>–<lpage>164</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8811705</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref204"><label>204</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Dandurand</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Huet</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guillot</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>. <article-title>Secondary radiodermatitis caused by endovascular explorations: 5 cases</article-title>. <source>Ann Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>126</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>413</fpage>–<lpage>417</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10434104</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref205"><label>205</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Dehen</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Vilmer</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Humiliere</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Corcos</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pentousis</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ollivaud</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following cardiac catheterisation: a report of two cases and a brief review of the literature</article-title>. <source>Heart</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>81</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>308</fpage>–<lpage>312</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10026359</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref206"><label>206</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Dichtl</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sipotz</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation dermatitis</article-title>. <source>Circulation</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>126</volume>(<issue>11</issue>): <fpage>1407</fpage><comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.105494">10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.105494</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22965781</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref207"><label>207</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>D'Incan</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Roger</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiodermatitis following cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Arch Dermatol</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>133</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>242</fpage>–<lpage>243</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9041845</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref208"><label>208</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Fierens</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Goffette</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tennstedt</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lachapelle</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiodermatitis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: 4 cases</article-title>. <source>Ann Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>127</volume>(<issue>6–7</issue>): <fpage>619</fpage>–<lpage>623</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10930861</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref209"><label>209</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Frazier</surname><given-names>TH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Richardson</surname><given-names>JB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fabre</surname><given-names>VC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Callen</surname><given-names>JP</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced chronic radiation skin injury: a disease perhaps often overlooked</article-title>. <source>Arch Dermatol</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>143</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>637</fpage>–<lpage>640</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17515515</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref210"><label>210</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Garnacho</surname><given-names>GM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Amorrich</surname><given-names>MV</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Salido</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Espejo</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>A case of transient rectangular alopecia after aneurysm embolization</article-title>. <source>Actas Dermosifiliogr</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>100</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>909</fpage>–<lpage>910</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20038373</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref211"><label>211</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gironet</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jan</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Machet</surname><given-names>MC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Machet</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lorette</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Vaillant</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis after heart catheterization: the contributing role of ciprofibrate (Lipanor)?</article-title><source>Ann Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>1998</year>;<volume>125</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>598</fpage>–<lpage>600</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9805549</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref212"><label>212</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Glazier</surname><given-names>JJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dixon</surname><given-names>SR</given-names></name>. <article-title>Skin injury following prolonged fluoroscopy: early and late appearances</article-title>. <source>QJM</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>105</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>571</fpage>–<lpage>573</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcr089">10.1093/qjmed/hcr089</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21622539</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref213"><label>213</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Granel</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Barbaud</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gillet-Terver</surname><given-names>MN</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Reichert</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Weber</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Danchin</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis after interventional cardiac catheterization. Four cases</article-title>. <source>Ann Dermatol Venereol</source>. <year>1998</year>;<volume>125</volume>(<issue>6–7</issue>): <fpage>405</fpage>–<lpage>407</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9747295</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref214"><label>214</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Hashimoto</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sedo</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Inatsugi</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nakanishi</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Arase</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Severe radiation-induced injury after cardiac catheter ablation: a case requiring free anterolateral thigh flap and vastus lateralis muscle flap reconstruction on the upper arm</article-title>. <source>J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>61</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>704</fpage>–<lpage>708</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2007.01.003">10.1016/j.bjps.2007.01.003</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18492595</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref215"><label>215</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Henry</surname><given-names>MF</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Maender</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shen</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tschen</surname><given-names>JA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Subrt</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Schmidt</surname><given-names>JD</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced chronic radiation dermatitis: a report of three cases</article-title>. <source>Dermatol Online J</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>15</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>3</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19281708</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref216"><label>216</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Huda</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Peters</surname><given-names>KR</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced temporary epilation after a neuroradiologically guided embolization procedure</article-title>. <source>Radiology</source>. <year>1994</year>;<volume>193</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>642</fpage>–<lpage>644</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">7972801</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref217"><label>217</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Iorio</surname><given-names>ML</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Endara</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Desman</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fontana</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Attinger</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>. <article-title>Occult radiation injury following angiographic procedures: recognition and treatment of an evolving complication</article-title>. <source>Ann Plastic Surgery</source>. <year>2011</year>;<volume>67</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>109</fpage>–<lpage>113</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e318209a5c9">10.1097/SAP.0b013e318209a5c9</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21346526</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref218"><label>218</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Jeskowiak</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hubmer</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Prenner</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Maechler</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation induced cutaneous ulcer on the back in a patient with congenital anomaly of the upper cava system</article-title>. <source>Interac Cardiovasc Thorac Surg</source>. <year>2011</year>;<volume>12</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>290</fpage>–<lpage>292</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref219"><label>219</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Kato</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Chida</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sato</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Oosaka</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tosa</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Munehisa</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>The necessity of follow-up for radiation skin injuries in patients after percutaneous coronary interventions: radiation skin injuries will often be overlooked clinically</article-title>. <source>Acta Radiol</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>53</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>1040</fpage>–<lpage>1044</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ar.2012.120192">10.1258/ar.2012.120192</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23024180</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref220"><label>220</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Kawakami</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Saito</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Miyazaki</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following repeated percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty</article-title>. <source>Br J Dermatol</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>141</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>150</fpage>–<lpage>153</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10417533</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref221"><label>221</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>HS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>JY</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>HJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cho</surname><given-names>BK</given-names></name>. <article-title>Two cases of radiation-induced skin injuries occurring after radiofrequency catheter ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation</article-title>. <source>J Am Acad Dermatol</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>53</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>1083</fpage>–<lpage>1084</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16310075</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref222"><label>222</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Knautz</surname><given-names>MA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Abele</surname><given-names>DC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Reynolds</surname><given-names>TL</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiodermatitis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt</article-title>. <source>South Med J</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>90</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>352</fpage>–<lpage>356</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9076314</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref223"><label>223</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Koenig</surname><given-names>TR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>FA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>. <article-title>Skin injuries from fluoroscopically guided procedures: part 2, review of 73 cases and recommendations for minimizing dose delivered to patient</article-title>. <source>Am J Roentgenol</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>177</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>13</fpage>–<lpage>20</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11418390</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref224"><label>224</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Krasovec</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Trueb</surname><given-names>RM</given-names></name>. <article-title>Temporary roentgen epilation after embolization of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation</article-title>. <source>Hautarzt</source>. <year>1998</year>;<volume>49</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>307</fpage>–<lpage>309</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9606632</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref225"><label>225</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hoss</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Phillips</surname><given-names>TJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced skin necrosis</article-title>. <source>Arch Dermatol</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>139</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>140</fpage>–<lpage>142</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12588219</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref226"><label>226</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>WS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>SW</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>JW</given-names></name>. <article-title>Postoperative alopecia in five patients after treatment of aneurysm rupture with a Guglielmi detachable coil: pressure alopecia, radiation induced, or both?</article-title><source>J Dermatol</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>31</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>848</fpage>–<lpage>851</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15672718</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref227"><label>227</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Levine</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>. <article-title>Ulcerated papule on vertex of the scalp</article-title>. <source>Geriatrics</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>63</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>33</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18447410</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref228"><label>228</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lichtenstein</surname><given-names>DA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Klapholz</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Vardy</surname><given-names>DA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Leichter</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mosseri</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Klaus</surname><given-names>SN</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Arch Dermatol</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>132</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>663</fpage>–<lpage>667</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8651716</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref229"><label>229</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Litzner</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kantrow</surname><given-names>SM</given-names></name>. <article-title>Reticulated erythematous plaque on the back-quiz case</article-title>. <source>Arch Dermatol</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>145</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>829</fpage>–<lpage>834</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2009.141-a">10.1001/archdermatol.2009.141-a</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19620570</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref230"><label>230</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lopez Aventin</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gil</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lopez Gonzalez</surname><given-names>DM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pujol</surname><given-names>RM</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic scalp ulceration as a late complication of fluoroscopically guided cerebral aneurysm embolization</article-title>. <source>Dermatology</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>224</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>198</fpage>–<lpage>203</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000338891">10.1159/000338891</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22677971</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref231"><label>231</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Marti</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lopez</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pereda</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Martin</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Montesinos</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jorda</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced temporary alopecia after embolization of cerebral aneurysms</article-title>. <source>Dermatol Online J</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>14</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>19</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18718203</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref232"><label>232</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Miralbell</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Maillet</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Crompton</surname><given-names>NE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Doriot</surname><given-names>PA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nouet</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Verin</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Skin radionecrosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: dosimetric and biological assessment</article-title>. <source>J Vasc Interv Radiol</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>10</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>1190</fpage>–<lpage>1194</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10527196</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref233"><label>233</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Monaco</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bowen</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tadros</surname><given-names>PN</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Witt</surname><given-names>PD</given-names></name>. <article-title>Iatrogenic deep musculocutaneous radiation injury following percutaneous coronary intervention</article-title>. <source>J Invasive Cardiol</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>15</volume>(<issue>8</issue>): <fpage>451</fpage>–<lpage>453</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12890877</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref234"><label>234</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Mundi</surname><given-names>JP</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kanchanapoomi</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Boyd</surname><given-names>KP</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Patel</surname><given-names>RR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kamino</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cohen</surname><given-names>DE</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-associated radiation dermatitis</article-title>. <source>Dermatol Online</source>. <year>2013</year>;J <volume>19</volume>(<issue>12</issue>): <fpage>20712</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">24365003</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref235"><label>235</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nahass</surname><given-names>GT</given-names></name>. <article-title>Acute radiodermatitis after radiofrequency catheter ablation</article-title>. <source>J Am Acad Dermatol</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>36</volume>(<issue>5 Pt 2</issue>): <fpage>881</fpage>–<lpage>884</lpage>.<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9146574</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref236"><label>236</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nahass</surname><given-names>GT</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cornelius</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced radiodermatitis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt</article-title>. <source>Am J Gastroenterol</source>. <year>1998</year>;<volume>93</volume>(<issue>9</issue>): <fpage>1546</fpage>–<lpage>1549</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9732942</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref237"><label>237</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Nannapaneni</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Behari</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mendelow</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gholkar</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>. <article-title>Temporary alopecia after subarachnoid haemorrhage</article-title>. <source>J Clin Neurosci</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>14</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>157</fpage>–<lpage>161</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17107802</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref238"><label>238</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Perrot</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ridel</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Visee</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dreno</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Duteille</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis following coronaroplasty</article-title>. <source>Ann Chir Plast Esthet</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>58</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>700</fpage>–<lpage>703</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2013.05.003">10.1016/j.anplas.2013.05.003</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23791328</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref239"><label>239</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Petit</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Flageul</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gerbault</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sarfati</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Revol</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Servant</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>. <article-title>Dorsal and laterothoracic radiodermatitis after interventional cardiography</article-title>. <source>Plast Reconstr Surg</source>. <year>2002</year>;<volume>109</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>1655</fpage>–<lpage>1657</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11932612</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref240"><label>240</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Pezzano</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Duterque</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lardoux</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Louvard</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Morice</surname><given-names>MC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lefevre</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Radiodermite thoracique en cardiologie interventionnelle: a propos de 6 cas</article-title>. <source>Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>92</volume>: <fpage>1197</fpage>–<lpage>1204</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10533668</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref241"><label>241</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Phend C. CT Safety Warnings Follow Radiation Overdose Accident. Medpage Today; 2009. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.medpagetoday.com/Radiology/DiagnosticRadiology/16455">http://www.medpagetoday.com/Radiology/DiagnosticRadiology/16455</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref242"><label>242</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Poletti</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation injury to skin following a cardiac interventional procedure</article-title>. <source>Australas Radiol</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>41</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>82</fpage>–<lpage>83</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9125082</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref243"><label>243</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Rosenthal</surname><given-names>LS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Beck</surname><given-names>TJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Williams</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mahesh</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Herman</surname><given-names>MG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dinerman</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Acute radiation dermatitis following radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia</article-title>. <source>Pacing Clin Electrophysiol</source>. <year>1997</year>;<volume>20</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>1834</fpage>–<lpage>1839</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9249839</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref244"><label>244</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sajben</surname><given-names>FP</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Schoelch</surname><given-names>SB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Barnette</surname><given-names>DJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopic-induced radiation dermatitis</article-title>. <source>Cutis</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>64</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>57</fpage>–<lpage>59</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10431676</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref245"><label>245</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Schecter</surname><given-names>AK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lewis</surname><given-names>MD</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Robinson-Bostom</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pan</surname><given-names>TD</given-names></name>. <article-title>Cardiac catheterization-induced acute radiation dermatitis presenting as a fixed drug eruption</article-title>. <source>J Drugs Dermatol</source><year>2003</year>;<volume>2</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>425</fpage>–<lpage>427</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12884469</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref246"><label>246</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Schmoor</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Descamps</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Crickx</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Steg</surname><given-names>PG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Belaich</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>. <article-title>Chronic radiodermatitis after cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Catheter Cardiovasc</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>52</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>235</fpage>–<lpage>236</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11170337</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref247"><label>247</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Shope</surname><given-names>TB</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy</article-title>. <source>Radiographics</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>16</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>1195</fpage>–<lpage>1199</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8888398</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref248"><label>248</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Slovut</surname><given-names>DP</given-names></name>. <article-title>Cutaneous radiation injury after complex coronary intervention</article-title>. <source>JACC. Cardiovasc Interv</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>2</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>701</fpage>–<lpage>702</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2009.04.015">10.1016/j.jcin.2009.04.015</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19628196</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref249"><label>249</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Soga</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>A case of radiation ulcer following transcatheter arterial embolization</article-title>. <source>Jpn J Clin Dermatol</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>58</volume>: <fpage>908</fpage>–<lpage>910</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref250"><label>250</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sovik</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Klow</surname><given-names>NE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hellesnes</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lykke</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced skin injury after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Case report</article-title>. <source>Acta Radiol</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>37</volume>(<issue>3 Pt 1</issue>): <fpage>305</fpage>–<lpage>306</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8845258</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref251"><label>251</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Spiker</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zinn</surname><given-names>Z</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Carter</surname><given-names>WH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Powers</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kovach</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy-induced chronic radiation dermatitis</article-title>. <source>Am J Cardiol</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>110</volume>(<issue>12</issue>): <fpage>1861</fpage>–<lpage>1863</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.08.023">10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.08.023</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22980965</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref252"><label>252</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Srimahachota</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Udayachalerm</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Kupharang</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sukwijit</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Krisanachinda</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Rehani</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation skin injury caused by percutaneous coronary intervention, report of 3 cases</article-title>. <source>Int J of Cardiol</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>154</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>e31</fpage>–<lpage>33</lpage>.<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21636147</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref253"><label>253</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Stone</surname><given-names>MS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Robson</surname><given-names>KJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>LeBoit</surname><given-names>PE</given-names></name>. <article-title>Subacute radiation dermatitis from fluoroscopy during coronary artery stenting: evidence for cytotoxic lymphocyte mediated apoptosis</article-title>. <source>J of American Academy of Dermatology</source><year>1998</year>;<volume>38</volume>(<issue>2 Pt 2</issue>): <fpage>333</fpage>–<lpage>336</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9486710</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref254"><label>254</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Thomadsen</surname><given-names>BR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Paliwal</surname><given-names>BR</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Petereit</surname><given-names>DG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ranallo</surname><given-names>FN</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation injury from x-ray exposure during brachytherapy localization</article-title>. <source>Med Phys</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>27</volume>(<issue>7</issue>): <fpage>1681</fpage>–<lpage>1684</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10947273</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref255"><label>255</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Thorat</surname><given-names>JD</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hwang</surname><given-names>PY</given-names></name>. <article-title>Peculiar geometric alopecia and trigeminal nerve dysfunction in a patient after Guglielmi detachable coil embolization of a ruptured aneurysm</article-title>. <source>J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>16</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>40</fpage>–<lpage>42</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17689391</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref256"><label>256</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Vano</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Arranz</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sastre</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Moro</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ledo</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Garate</surname><given-names>MT</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Dosimetric and radiation protection considerations based on some cases of patient skin injuries in interventional cardiology</article-title>. <source>Br J Radiol</source>. <year>1998</year>;<volume>71</volume>(<issue>845</issue>): <fpage>510</fpage>–<lpage>516</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9691896</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref257"><label>257</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Vlietstra</surname><given-names>RE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Koenig</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation burns as a severe complication of fluoroscopically guided cardiological interventions</article-title>. <source>J Int Cardiol</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>17</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>131</fpage>–<lpage>142</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15209575</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref258"><label>258</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>McNeese</surname><given-names>MD</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Marx</surname><given-names>MV</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Siegel</surname><given-names>EL</given-names></name>. <article-title>Severe skin reactions from interventional fluoroscopy: case report and review of the literature</article-title>. <source>Radiology</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>213</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>773</fpage>–<lpage>776</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10580952</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref259"><label>259</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Archer</surname><given-names>BA</given-names></name>. <source>Minimizing risks from fluoroscopic x rays</source>, <edition>3rd ed</edition><publisher-loc>Houston, Texas</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>RM Partnership</publisher-name>; <year>2000</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref260"><label>260</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation injury is potentially a severe consequence of fluoroscopically guided complex interventions</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>95</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>645</fpage>–<lpage>649</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.HP.0000334210.85567.7b">10.1097/01.HP.0000334210.85567.7b</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18849698</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref261"><label>261</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Wen</surname><given-names>CS</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lin</surname><given-names>SM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>JC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>YH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tseng</surname><given-names>SH</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation-induced temporary alopecia after embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations</article-title>. <source>Clin Neurol Neurosurg</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>105</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>215</fpage>–<lpage>217</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12860517</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref262"><label>262</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Wong</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Rehm</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Images in clinical medicine. Radiation injury from a fluoroscopic procedure</article-title>. <source>N Engl J Med</source>. <year>2004</year>; <volume>350</volume>(<issue>25</issue>): <fpage>e23</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15201428</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref263"><label>263</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Yoneda</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nakai</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Demitsu</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Moriue</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Moriue</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Yokoi</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Late radiation dermatitis of the right arm after cardiac catheterization</article-title>. <source>Eur J Dermatol</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>20</volume>(<issue>5</issue>): <fpage>654</fpage>–<lpage>656</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2010.1035">10.1684/ejd.2010.1035</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20610375</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref264"><label>264</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Aslan</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Terzioglu</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Tuncali</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bingul</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>. <article-title>Consequences of radiation accidents</article-title>. <source>Ann Plast Surg</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>52</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>325</fpage>–<lpage>328</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15156991</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref265"><label>265</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. The Federal State Unitarian Enterpise «RosRAO»—Russian RW management operator. 2009. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.iaea.org/OurWork/ST/NE/NEFW/documents/ENVIRONET/kickoff_meeting_2009/day2/Russia.pdf">http://www.iaea.org/OurWork/ST/NE/NEFW/documents/ENVIRONET/kickoff_meeting_2009/day2/Russia.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref266"><label>266</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Milacic</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Simic</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>. <article-title>Case report: Iridium 192-health effects during 20 years after irradiation</article-title>. <source>Kobe J Med Sci</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>54</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>E108</fpage>–<lpage>113</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18772612</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref267"><label>267</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Mosokotso EA, Mogoru W, Sikakana I, Neeson H. Radiation Safety Practices of Industrial Radiography license holders in South Africa. Proceedings 18th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 16–20 April 2012, Durban, South Africa; 2012. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.ndt.net/article/wcndt2012/papers/629_wcndtfinal00629.pdf">http://www.ndt.net/article/wcndt2012/papers/629_wcndtfinal00629.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref268"><label>268</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Carsin H, Stephannazi J, Gourmelon P. Advances in the Medical Management of The Severe Cutaneous Radiation Syndrome, 10th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Hiroshima. T-21–3; 2000. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/00718.pdf">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/00718.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref269"><label>269</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gottlober</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bezold</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Weber</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Gourmelon</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cosset</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bahren</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>The radiation accident in Georgia: clinical appearance and diagnosis of cutaneous radiation syndrome</article-title>. <source>J Am Acad Dermatol</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>42</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>453</fpage>–<lpage>458</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10688716</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref270"><label>270</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gupta</surname><given-names>ML</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Srivastava</surname><given-names>NN</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dutta</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shukla</surname><given-names>SK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dutta</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Verma</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Blood biomarkers in metal scrap workers accidentally exposed to ionizing radiation: a case study</article-title>. <source>Hum Exp Toxicol</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>32</volume>(<issue>12</issue>): <fpage>1311</fpage>–<lpage>1322</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327113482477">10.1177/0960327113482477</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23698832</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref271"><label>271</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><name><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>IA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guskova</surname><given-names>AK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mettler</surname><given-names>FA</given-names></name>. <source>Medical Management of Radiation Accidents</source>. <edition>2nd ed</edition><publisher-loc>Boca Raton, Florida</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>CRC Press</publisher-name>; <year>2001</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref272"><label>272</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority. Assessment of environmental, health and safety consequences of decommisioning radioisotope thermal generators (RTGS) in Northwest Russia.Strålevern Rapport 4. 2005. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nrpa.no/dav/c600d1d288.pdf">http://www.nrpa.no/dav/c600d1d288.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref273"><label>273</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Hutt</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Brodski</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name>. <article-title>Gamma-ray dose assessment after the 1994 radiation accident in Kiisa (Estonia): preliminary results</article-title>. <source>App Radiat Isot</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>47</volume>(<issue>11–12</issue>): <fpage>1329</fpage>–<lpage>1334</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref274"><label>274</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Goiânia</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1988</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref275"><label>275</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Tammiku</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>1998</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref276"><label>276</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Istanbul</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2000</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref277"><label>277</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Lilo</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2000</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref278"><label>278</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book"><collab>IAEA</collab>. <chapter-title>The Radiological Accident in Samut Prakarn</chapter-title><source>Non-serial Publications</source>. <publisher-loc>Vienna</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>IAEA</publisher-name>; <year>2002</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref279"><label>279</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Jamshed</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bhasin</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ekka</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Aggarwal</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>. <article-title>Young man with skin discoloration. Acute radiation syndrome caused by exposure to radioactive cobalt</article-title>. <source>Ann Emerg Med</source>. <year>2011</year>;<volume>58</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>395</fpage>–<lpage>406</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.02.018">10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.02.018</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21943577</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref280"><label>280</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Liu Q</surname><given-names>JB</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jiang</surname><given-names>LP</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>XG</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zhao</surname><given-names>FL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fu</surname><given-names>BH</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Clinical report of three cases of acute radiation sickness from a (60)Co radiation accident in Henan Province in China</article-title>. <source>J Radiat Res</source>. <year>2008</year>;<volume>49</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>63</fpage>–<lpage>69</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18187937</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref281"><label>281</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Q</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cao</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>WM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Qin</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jiang</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Follow-up study by chromosome aberration analysis and micronucleus assays in victims accidentally exposed to 60Co radiation</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>2010</year>;<volume>98</volume>(<issue>6</issue>): <fpage>885</fpage>–<lpage>888</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0b013e3181c4b9c1">10.1097/HP.0b013e3181c4b9c1</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20445399</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref282"><label>282</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Mahmoud</surname><given-names>NS</given-names></name>. <article-title>Safety assessment methodology in management of spent sealed sources</article-title>. <source>J Hazard Mater</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>118</volume>(<issue>1–3</issue>): <fpage>1</fpage>–<lpage>8</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15721523</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref283"><label>283</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Marshall</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Morocco reports lethal radiation accident</article-title>. <source>Science</source>. <year>1984</year>;<volume>225</volume>(<issue>4660</issue>): <fpage>395</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17813248</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref284"><label>284</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority. NRPA Bulletin 7.04: Dismantling of RTGs on the Kola Peninsula. 2004. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nrpa.no/dav/40851f744b.pdf">http://www.nrpa.no/dav/40851f744b.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref285"><label>285</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Socie</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Medhi Sohrabi</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Carosella</surname><given-names>ED</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cosset</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Hervatin</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>, <name><surname>de Cremoux</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Hematopoiesis research in aplastic anaemia induced by accidental protracted radiation</article-title>. <source>CR Acad Sci. III</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>319</volume>(<issue>8</issue>): <fpage>711</fpage>–<lpage>716</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8949395</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref286"><label>286</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>ZY</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>LA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dai</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name>. <article-title>The estimation of absorbed doses received by a victim of a Chinese radiation accident</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>2003</year>;<volume>103</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>163</fpage>–<lpage>167</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12593436</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref287"><label>287</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>AE</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Guskova</surname><given-names>AK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Davtian</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sevankaev</surname><given-names>AV</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lloyd</surname><given-names>DC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Edwards</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Protracted Overexposure to a 137Cs Source: II, Clinical Sequelae</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>81</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>91</fpage>–<lpage>100</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref288"><label>288</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Lister</surname><given-names>BAJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Contaminated Mexican steel incident</article-title>. <source>J Soc Radiol Prot</source>. <year>1985</year>;<volume>5</volume>: <fpage>145</fpage>–<lpage>147</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref289"><label>289</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Marshall</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Juarez: an unprecedented radiation accident</article-title>. <source>Science</source>. <year>1984</year>;<volume>223</volume>(<issue>4641</issue>): <fpage>1152</fpage>–<lpage>1154</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">6701516</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref290"><label>290</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Marshall</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name>. <article-title>Juarez radiation accident</article-title>. <source>Science</source>. <year>1984</year>;<volume>224</volume>(<issue>4645</issue>): <fpage>110</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">17744659</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref291"><label>291</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Ogunranti</surname><given-names>JO</given-names></name>. <article-title>Haematological indices in Nigerians exposed to radioactive waste</article-title>. <source>Lancet</source>. <year>1989</year>;<volume>2</volume>(<issue>8664</issue>): <fpage>667</fpage>–<lpage>668</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2570910</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref292"><label>292</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Security and Nonproliferation. 2005;Issue 2(8). Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.ntc.kiev.ua/download/arh/BTN/8.pdf">http://www.ntc.kiev.ua/download/arh/BTN/8.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref293"><label>293</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sevan'kaev</surname><given-names>AV</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lloyd</surname><given-names>DC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Edwards</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>GF</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Nugis</surname><given-names>VY</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Domracheva</surname><given-names>EV</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Protracted Overexposure to a 137Cs Source: I, Dose Reconstruction</article-title>. <source>Radiat Prot Dosimetry</source>. <year>1999</year>;<volume>81</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>85</fpage>–<lpage>90</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref294"><label>294</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Compton KL, Novikov VM, Parker FL, Sivintsev YV. The Radioactive Legacy of the Russian Pacific Fleet Operations and its Potential Impact on Neighboring Countries. Interim Report IR-03–009; 2003. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PUB/Documents/IR-03-009.pdf">http://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PUB/Documents/IR-03-009.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref295"><label>295</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Corbett</surname><given-names>RH</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Fong</surname><given-names>RY</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Lewis</surname><given-names>CA</given-names></name>. <article-title>IRPA-10: 10th International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association</article-title>. <source>Br J Radiol</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>74</volume>(<issue>886</issue>): <fpage>883</fpage>–<lpage>885</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11675302</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref296"><label>296</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Lisovsky IV. The Analysis of Risk of the Radiation Failures in Russian Navy. Experience of International Cooperation, 10th IRPA Congress Proceedings; 2000. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01200.pdf">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa10/cdrom/01200.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref297"><label>297</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Bomben A, Gregori B, Massera G, Righetti M, Thomasz E. Accident in a critical facility: physical dosimetry, 7th IRPA Congress Proceedings, Sydney. S2–77; 1988. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa7/cdrom/VOL.2/S2_77.PDF">http://www2000.irpa.net/irpa7/cdrom/VOL.2/S2_77.PDF</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref298"><label>298</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Dousset M, Jammet H. Les accidents humains d'irradiation d'origine nucléaire. In: Les irradiations thérapeutiques et accidentelles Créteil 6–8 Juin 1984. Creteil, France: P. Galle,R. Masse, JC Nenot; 1984</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref299"><label>299</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>McLaughlin</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>. <article-title>Do attempt to adjust the picture. Technology is a good thing; snooping, radiation overexposure are not</article-title>. <source>Mod Healthc</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>39</volume>(<issue>50</issue>): <fpage>24</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20092009</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref300"><label>300</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Soleo</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Basso</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Di Lorenzo</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Bukvic</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>L'Abbate</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>. <article-title>Acute radiodermatitis from accidental overexposure to X-rays</article-title>. <source>Am J Ind Med</source>. <year>1996</year>;<volume>30</volume>(<issue>2</issue>): <fpage>207</fpage>–<lpage>211</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8844051</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref301"><label>301</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sugawara</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Takahashi</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Matsuta</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Akasaka</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>. <article-title>An x-ray exposure accident in a high school student</article-title>. <source>Dermatology</source>. <year>2005</year>;<volume>211</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>293</fpage>–<lpage>295</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16205079</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref302"><label>302</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report to congress on abnormal occurrences. Quarterly report, April-June 1991. NUREG-0090. 1991;v14(2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref303"><label>303</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>ICRP</collab>. <article-title>The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Publication 103</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. <year>2007</year>;<volume>37</volume>(<issue>2–4</issue>): <fpage>1</fpage>–<lpage>332</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18082557</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref304"><label>304</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Gonzalez</surname><given-names>AJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Radiation safety standards and their application: international policies and current issues</article-title>. <source>Health Phys</source>. <year>2004</year>;<volume>87</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>258</fpage>–<lpage>272</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15303062</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref305"><label>305</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards. General Safety Requirements Part 3. IAEA safety standards; 2011.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref306"><label>306</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Radiation protection and safety in industrial radiography. Safety reports series No.13; 1999. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/P066_scr.pdf">http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/P066_scr.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref307"><label>307</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">IAEA. Radiation safety in industrial radiography. Specific safety guide. No. SSG-11; 2011. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1466_web.pdf">http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1466_web.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref308"><label>308</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Consolidated Guidance About Materials Licenses Program-Specific Guidance About Industrial Radiography Licenses. NUREG-1556. 1998; 2. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0103/ML010370172.pdf">http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0103/ML010370172.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref309"><label>309</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><collab>ICRP</collab>. <article-title>ICRP Publication 86: Prevention of accidents to patients undergoing radiation therapy</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. <year>2000</year>;<volume>30</volume>(<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>7</fpage>–<lpage>70</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11711147</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref310"><label>310</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Ortiz Lopez</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Cosset</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Dunscombe</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Holmberg</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Rosenwald</surname><given-names>JC</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Pinillos Ashton</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>, <etal>et al</etal><article-title>Preventing Accidental Exposures from New External Beam Radiation Therapy Technologies. ICRP Publication 112</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. <year>2009</year>;<volume>39</volume>(<issue>4</issue>).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref311"><label>311</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Baeza</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name> (<year>2012</year>) <article-title>Accident prevention in day-to-day clinical radiation therapy practice</article-title>. <source>Ann ICRP</source>. 2012;<volume>41</volume>(<issue>3–4</issue>): <fpage>179</fpage>–<lpage>187</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.033">10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.033</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23089017</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref312"><label>312</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">FDA. Avoidance of serious x-ray induced skin injuries to patients during fluoroscopically guided procedures. Public Health Notification; 1994. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Radiation-EmittingProducts/RadiationEmittingProductsandProcedures/MedicalImaging/MedicalX-Rays/ucm116677.pdf">http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Radiation-EmittingProducts/RadiationEmittingProductsandProcedures/MedicalImaging/MedicalX-Rays/ucm116677.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref313"><label>313</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Mahesh</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>. <article-title>Fluoroscopy: patient radiation exposure issues</article-title>. <source>Radiographics</source>. <year>2001</year>;<volume>21</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>1033</fpage>–<lpage>1045</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11452079</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref314"><label>314</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>LK</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Eifel</surname><given-names>PJ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Geise</surname><given-names>RA</given-names></name>. <article-title>Potential biological effects following high X-ray dose interventional procedures</article-title>. <source>J Vasc Interv Radiol</source>.<year>1994</year>;<volume>5</volume>(<issue>1</issue>): <fpage>71</fpage>–<lpage>84</lpage>. <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8136601</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref315"><label>315</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Rehani</surname><given-names>MM</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Frush</surname><given-names>DP</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Berris</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Einstein</surname><given-names>AJ</given-names></name>. <article-title>Patient radiation exposure tracking: worldwide programs and needs—results from the first IAEA survey</article-title>. <source>Eur J Radiol</source>. <year>2012</year>;<volume>81</volume>(<issue>10</issue>): <fpage>e968</fpage>–<lpage>976</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.07.004">10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.07.004</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22840382</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref316"><label>316</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Sung</surname><given-names>DW</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shin</surname><given-names>KE</given-names></name>. <article-title>Reduced Radiation Dose in Diagnostic Radiology</article-title>. <source>J Korean Med Sci</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>28</volume>(<issue>4</issue>): <fpage>495</fpage>–<lpage>496</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2013.28.4.495">10.3346/jkms.2013.28.4.495</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23580865</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref317"><label>317</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">Task Force for Monitoring Patient Dose during Fluoroscopy. Technical White Paper: Monitoring and Tracking of Fluoroscopic Dose. 2010. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.crcpd.org/Pubs/WhitePaper-MonitoringAndTrackingFluoroDose-PubE-10-7.pdf">http://www.crcpd.org/Pubs/WhitePaper-MonitoringAndTrackingFluoroDose-PubE-10-7.pdf</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref318"><label>318</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other">FDA. Safety Investigation of CT Brain Perfusion Scans: Update 11/9/2010. 2010. Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/safety/alertsandnotices/ucm185898.htm">http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/safety/alertsandnotices/ucm185898.htm</ext-link>. Accessed 2015 Jan 28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="pone.0118709.ref319"><label>319</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Brown</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Jones</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name>. <article-title>Knowledge of medical imaging radiation dose and risk among doctors</article-title>. <source>J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol</source>. <year>2013</year>;<volume>57</volume>(<issue>1</issue>):<fpage>8</fpage>–<lpage>14</lpage>. <comment>doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02469.x">10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02469.x</ext-link></comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23374547</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Terre/explor/CobaltMaghrebV1/Data/Pmc/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000025 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000025 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Terre
|area= CobaltMaghrebV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4366065
|texte= Reported Radiation Overexposure Accidents Worldwide, 1980-2013: A Systematic Review
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25789482" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a CobaltMaghrebV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |