CobaltMaghrebV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000267

Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co20Cu80 granular alloys

Identifieur interne : 000267 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000266; suivant : 000268

Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co20Cu80 granular alloys

Auteurs : H. Errahmani ; A. Berrada ; G. Schmerber ; A. Dinia

Source :

Materials letters : (General ed.) [ 0167-577X ] ; 2001.

RBID : Pascal:02-0007221

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Aimantation, Magnétorésistance, Magnétorésistance géante, Ferromagnétisme, Superparamagnétisme, Coexistence, Recuit, Substrat, Effet température, Séparation phase, Orientation grain, Microstructure, Diffraction RX, Couche mince, Relation fabrication propriété, Structure granulaire, Alliage base cuivre, Cobalt alliage, Alliage binaire, Etude expérimentale, Alliage CuCo, Co Cu, 7570P.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Annealing, Binary alloys, Cobalt alloys, Coexistence, Copper base alloys, Experimental study, Fabrication property relation, Ferromagnetism, Giant magnetoresistance, Grain orientation, Granular structure, Magnetization, Magnetoresistance, Microstructure, Phase separation, Substrates, Superparamagnetism, Temperature effects, Thin films, XRD.

Abstract

We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

A01	`01`	`1`		`@0 0167-577X`
A02	`01`			`@0 MLETDJ`
A03		`1`		`@0 Mater. lett. : (Gen. ed.)`
A05				`@2 51`
A06				`@2 1`
A08	`01`	`1`	`ENG`	`@1 Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co₂₀Cu₈₀ granular alloys`
A11	`01`	`1`		`@1 ERRAHMANI (H.)`
A11	`02`	`1`		`@1 BERRADA (A.)`
A11	`03`	`1`		`@1 SCHMERBER (G.)`
A11	`04`	`1`		`@1 DINIA (A.)`
A14	`01`			`@1 L.P.M. Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, B.P. 1014 @2 Rabat @3 MAR @Z 1 aut. @Z 2 aut.`
A14	`02`			`@1 IPCMS-GEMME (UMR 7504 du CNRS), ULP-ECPM. 23 rue du Loess @2 67037 Strasbourg @3 FRA @Z 3 aut. @Z 4 aut.`
A20				`@1 48-55`
A21				`@1 2001`
A23	`01`			`@0 ENG`
A43	`01`			`@1 INIST @2 19369 @5 354000096474890090`
A44				`@0 0000 @1 © 2002 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.`
A45				`@0 17 ref.`
A47	`01`	`1`		`@0 02-0007221`
A60				`@1 P`
A61				`@0 A`
A64	`01`	`1`		`@0 Materials letters : (General ed.)`
A66	`01`			`@0 NLD`
C01	`01`		`ENG`	@0 We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.
C02	`01`	`3`		`@0 001B70E70P`
C03	`01`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Aimantation @5 01`
C03	`01`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Magnetization @5 01`
C03	`02`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Magnétorésistance @5 02`
C03	`02`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Magnetoresistance @5 02`
C03	`03`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Magnétorésistance géante @5 03`
C03	`03`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Giant magnetoresistance @5 03`
C03	`04`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Ferromagnétisme @5 04`
C03	`04`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Ferromagnetism @5 04`
C03	`05`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Superparamagnétisme @5 05`
C03	`05`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Superparamagnetism @5 05`
C03	`06`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Coexistence @5 06`
C03	`06`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Coexistence @5 06`
C03	`06`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Coexistencia @5 06`
C03	`07`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Recuit @5 07`
C03	`07`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Annealing @5 07`
C03	`08`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Substrat @5 08`
C03	`08`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Substrates @5 08`
C03	`09`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Effet température @5 09`
C03	`09`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Temperature effects @5 09`
C03	`10`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Séparation phase @5 10`
C03	`10`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Phase separation @5 10`
C03	`11`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Orientation grain @5 11`
C03	`11`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Grain orientation @5 11`
C03	`12`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Microstructure @5 12`
C03	`12`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Microstructure @5 12`
C03	`13`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Diffraction RX @5 13`
C03	`13`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 XRD @5 13`
C03	`14`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Couche mince @5 14`
C03	`14`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Thin films @5 14`
C03	`15`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Relation fabrication propriété @5 15`
C03	`15`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Fabrication property relation @5 15`
C03	`15`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Relación fabricación propiedad @5 15`
C03	`16`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Structure granulaire @5 17`
C03	`16`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Granular structure @5 17`
C03	`17`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Alliage base cuivre @2 NK @5 18`
C03	`17`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Copper base alloys @2 NK @5 18`
C03	`18`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Cobalt alliage @5 19`
C03	`18`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Cobalt alloys @5 19`
C03	`19`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Alliage binaire @5 20`
C03	`19`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Binary alloys @5 20`
C03	`20`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Etude expérimentale @5 21`
C03	`20`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Experimental study @5 21`
C03	`21`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Alliage CuCo @2 NK @4 INC @5 52`
C03	`22`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Co Cu @4 INC @5 53`
C03	`23`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 7570P @2 PAC @4 INC @5 56`
C07	`01`	`3`	`FRE`	`@0 Métal transition alliage @5 48`
C07	`01`	`3`	`ENG`	`@0 Transition element alloys @5 48`
N21				`@1 001`

Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 02-0007221 INIST
ET :	Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co₂₀Cu₈₀ granular alloys
AU :	ERRAHMANI (H.); BERRADA (A.); SCHMERBER (G.); DINIA (A.)
AF :	L.P.M. Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, B.P. 1014/Rabat/Maroc (1 aut., 2 aut.); IPCMS-GEMME (UMR 7504 du CNRS), ULP-ECPM. 23 rue du Loess/67037 Strasbourg/France (3 aut., 4 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Materials letters : (General ed.); ISSN 0167-577X; Coden MLETDJ; Pays-Bas; Da. 2001; Vol. 51; No. 1; Pp. 48-55; Bibl. 17 ref.
LA :	Anglais
EA :	We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co₂₀Cu₈₀ alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.
CC :	001B70E70P
FD :	Aimantation; Magnétorésistance; Magnétorésistance géante; Ferromagnétisme; Superparamagnétisme; Coexistence; Recuit; Substrat; Effet température; Séparation phase; Orientation grain; Microstructure; Diffraction RX; Couche mince; Relation fabrication propriété; Structure granulaire; Alliage base cuivre; Cobalt alliage; Alliage binaire; Etude expérimentale; Alliage CuCo; Co Cu; 7570P
FG :	Métal transition alliage
ED :	Magnetization; Magnetoresistance; Giant magnetoresistance; Ferromagnetism; Superparamagnetism; Coexistence; Annealing; Substrates; Temperature effects; Phase separation; Grain orientation; Microstructure; XRD; Thin films; Fabrication property relation; Granular structure; Copper base alloys; Cobalt alloys; Binary alloys; Experimental study
EG :	Transition element alloys
SD :	Coexistencia; Relación fabricación propiedad
LO :	INIST-19369.354000096474890090
ID :	02-0007221

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Pascal:02-0007221

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Cu<sub>80</sub>
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<term>Experimental study</term>
<term>Fabrication property relation</term>
<term>Ferromagnetism</term>
<term>Giant magnetoresistance</term>
<term>Grain orientation</term>
<term>Granular structure</term>
<term>Magnetization</term>
<term>Magnetoresistance</term>
<term>Microstructure</term>
<term>Phase separation</term>
<term>Substrates</term>
<term>Superparamagnetism</term>
<term>Temperature effects</term>
<term>Thin films</term>
<term>XRD</term>
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<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aimantation</term>
<term>Magnétorésistance</term>
<term>Magnétorésistance géante</term>
<term>Ferromagnétisme</term>
<term>Superparamagnétisme</term>
<term>Coexistence</term>
<term>Recuit</term>
<term>Substrat</term>
<term>Effet température</term>
<term>Séparation phase</term>
<term>Orientation grain</term>
<term>Microstructure</term>
<term>Diffraction RX</term>
<term>Couche mince</term>
<term>Relation fabrication propriété</term>
<term>Structure granulaire</term>
<term>Alliage base cuivre</term>
<term>Cobalt alliage</term>
<term>Alliage binaire</term>
<term>Etude expérimentale</term>
<term>Alliage CuCo</term>
<term>Co Cu</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.</div>
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 granular alloys</s1>
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<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>ERRAHMANI (H.)</s1>
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<fA14 i1="01"><s1>L.P.M. Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, B.P. 1014</s1>
<s2>Rabat</s2>
<s3>MAR</s3>
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<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="02"><s1>IPCMS-GEMME (UMR 7504 du CNRS), ULP-ECPM. 23 rue du Loess</s1>
<s2>67037 Strasbourg</s2>
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<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
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<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.</s0>
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<fC02 i1="01" i2="3"><s0>001B70E70P</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Aimantation</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Magnetization</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Magnétorésistance</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Magnetoresistance</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Magnétorésistance géante</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Giant magnetoresistance</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Ferromagnétisme</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Ferromagnetism</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Superparamagnétisme</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Superparamagnetism</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Coexistence</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coexistence</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Coexistencia</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Recuit</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Annealing</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Substrat</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Substrates</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Effet température</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Temperature effects</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Séparation phase</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Phase separation</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Orientation grain</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Grain orientation</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Microstructure</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Microstructure</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Diffraction RX</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>XRD</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Couche mince</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Thin films</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Relation fabrication propriété</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fabrication property relation</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Relación fabricación propiedad</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Structure granulaire</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Granular structure</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Alliage base cuivre</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Copper base alloys</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Cobalt alliage</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Cobalt alloys</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Alliage binaire</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Binary alloys</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Etude expérimentale</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Experimental study</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Alliage CuCo</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>52</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Co Cu</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>53</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="23" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>7570P</s0>
<s2>PAC</s2>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>56</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="3" l="FRE"><s0>Métal transition alliage</s0>
<s5>48</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="3" l="ENG"><s0>Transition element alloys</s0>
<s5>48</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>001</s1>
</fN21>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 02-0007221 INIST</NO>
<ET>Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 granular alloys</ET>
<AU>ERRAHMANI (H.); BERRADA (A.); SCHMERBER (G.); DINIA (A.)</AU>
<AF>L.P.M. Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, B.P. 1014/Rabat/Maroc (1 aut., 2 aut.); IPCMS-GEMME (UMR 7504 du CNRS), ULP-ECPM. 23 rue du Loess/67037 Strasbourg/France (3 aut., 4 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Materials letters : (General ed.); ISSN 0167-577X; Coden MLETDJ; Pays-Bas; Da. 2001; Vol. 51; No. 1; Pp. 48-55; Bibl. 17 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>We have studied the effect of substrate temperature on the magnetic and the transport properties and compared it to the results of annealing in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 granular alloy. The samples were prepared by ion-beam sputtering technique (IBS). At room temperature, the optimal value of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in Co<sub>20</sub>
Cu<sub>80</sub>
 alloy after annealing at 250°C. However, the substrate temperature was found to have an opposite effect when compared to the results of the annealing. Indeed, as the substrate temperature increases the GMR decreases down to about 0.3%. Moreover, the saturation field is decreasing to reach approximately 2 kOe for 350°C substrate temperature. Such a reduction of the saturation field is not generally observed in the Co-Cu granular alloys prepared by other techniques. This is attributed to the fact that the CoCu alloys deposited at high substrate temperature have an appreciable mobility of their particles and favoured a quasi complete segregation with large grains size.</EA>
<CC>001B70E70P</CC>
<FD>Aimantation; Magnétorésistance; Magnétorésistance géante; Ferromagnétisme; Superparamagnétisme; Coexistence; Recuit; Substrat; Effet température; Séparation phase; Orientation grain; Microstructure; Diffraction RX; Couche mince; Relation fabrication propriété; Structure granulaire; Alliage base cuivre; Cobalt alliage; Alliage binaire; Etude expérimentale; Alliage CuCo; Co Cu; 7570P</FD>
<FG>Métal transition alliage</FG>
<ED>Magnetization; Magnetoresistance; Giant magnetoresistance; Ferromagnetism; Superparamagnetism; Coexistence; Annealing; Substrates; Temperature effects; Phase separation; Grain orientation; Microstructure; XRD; Thin films; Fabrication property relation; Granular structure; Copper base alloys; Cobalt alloys; Binary alloys; Experimental study</ED>
<EG>Transition element alloys</EG>
<SD>Coexistencia; Relación fabricación propiedad</SD>
<LO>INIST-19369.354000096474890090</LO>
<ID>02-0007221</ID>
</server>
</inist>
</record>

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Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co20Cu80 granular alloys

Comparative study between the effect of annealing and substrate temperature on the magnetic and transport properties of Co20Cu80 granular alloys

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