Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I
Identifieur interne : 001567 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001566; suivant : 001568Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I
Auteurs : Christiane Denys ; C. Terry Williams ; Yannicke Dauphin ; Peter Andrews ; Yolanda Fernandez-JalvoSource :
- Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology [ 0031-0182 ] ; 1996.
Abstract
Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5
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Terry Williams</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, Yannicke" sort="Dauphin, Yannicke" uniqKey="Dauphin Y" first="Yannicke" last="Dauphin">Yannicke Dauphin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrews, Peter" sort="Andrews, Peter" uniqKey="Andrews P" first="Peter" last="Andrews">Peter Andrews</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Jalvo, Yolanda" sort="Fernandez Jalvo, Yolanda" uniqKey="Fernandez Jalvo Y" first="Yolanda" last="Fernandez-Jalvo">Yolanda Fernandez-Jalvo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF</idno><date when="1996" year="1996">1996</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001567</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001567</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I</title><author><name sortKey="Denys, Christiane" sort="Denys, Christiane" uniqKey="Denys C" first="Christiane" last="Denys">Christiane Denys</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 327 du CNRS, CC64, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. 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Terry Williams</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, Yannicke" sort="Dauphin, Yannicke" uniqKey="Dauphin Y" first="Yannicke" last="Dauphin">Yannicke Dauphin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrews, Peter" sort="Andrews, Peter" uniqKey="Andrews P" first="Peter" last="Andrews">Peter Andrews</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Jalvo, Yolanda" sort="Fernandez Jalvo, Yolanda" uniqKey="Fernandez Jalvo Y" first="Yolanda" last="Fernandez-Jalvo">Yolanda Fernandez-Jalvo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">PALAEO</title><idno type="ISSN">0031-0182</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1996">1996</date><biblScope unit="volume">126</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="121">121</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="134">134</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0031-0182</idno></series><idno type="istex">7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5</idno><idno type="PII">S0031-0182(97)88905-5</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0031-0182</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Christiane Denys</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 327 du CNRS, CC64, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 43095 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C.Terry Williams</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yannicke Dauphin</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Peter Andrews</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yolanda Fernandez-Jalvo</name><affiliations><json:string>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>diagenesis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Olduvai</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>fossil bone</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>rare earth elements</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>palaeoenvironment</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.52</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>540 x 756 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1329</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7433</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>41965</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>14</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>210</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I</title><pii><json:string>S0031-0182(97)88905-5</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><editor><json:item><name>J. 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Bataillon, 43095 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">C.Terry</forename><surname>Williams</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Yannicke</forename><surname>Dauphin</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Peter</forename><surname>Andrews</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Yolanda</forename><surname>Fernandez-Jalvo</surname></persName><affiliation>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">PALAEO</title><idno type="pISSN">0031-0182</idno><idno type="PII">S0031-0182(00)X0023-5</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1996"></date><biblScope unit="volume">126</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="121">121</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="134">134</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5</idno><idno type="PII">S0031-0182(97)88905-5</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1996</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>diagenesis</term></item><item><term>Olduvai</term></item><item><term>fossil bone</term></item><item><term>rare earth elements</term></item><item><term>palaeoenvironment</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1995-11-15">Modified</change><change when="1996">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>PALAEO</jid><aid>97889055</aid><ce:pii>S0031-0182(97)88905-5</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1996"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Christiane</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Denys</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.Terry</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Williams</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Yannicke</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Dauphin</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Peter</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Andrews</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Yolanda</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fernandez-Jalvo</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>e</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 327 du CNRS, CC64, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 43095 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF5"><ce:label>e</ce:label><ce:textfn>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="19" month="7" year="1995"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="15" month="11" year="1995"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="2" month="5" year="1996"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>diagenesis</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Olduvai</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>fossil bone</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>rare earth elements</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>palaeoenvironment</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Diagenetical changes in Pleistocene small mammal bones from Olduvai Bed I</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christiane</namePart><namePart type="family">Denys</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 327 du CNRS, CC64, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 43095 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.Terry</namePart><namePart type="family">Williams</namePart><affiliation>Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yannicke</namePart><namePart type="family">Dauphin</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, URA 723 du CNRS, Bat. 504, Université Paris 11-Orsay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Peter</namePart><namePart type="family">Andrews</namePart><affiliation>Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yolanda</namePart><namePart type="family">Fernandez-Jalvo</namePart><affiliation>Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006-Madrid, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1996</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1995-11-15</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1996</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Fossil bones of small mammals from two levels at Olduvai Bed I (Tanzania) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples collected from close to the Natron alkaline lake (Tanzania). Values for the elements Na, Sr, Ba are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. In addition, concentrations of the rare earth elements reach exceptionally high concentration levels (i.e. > 6 wt.%) in one of the sites, whereas these elements are not detected in the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration, although the effects of digestion are likely to have had some influence on the processes involved in the incorporation of elements during fossilisation. Statistical analyses show there are significant differences in the chemical compositions of fossil bones from two levels in Bed I. Observed changes in the rare earth element patterns, in particular the Ce anomaly, suggest that relative differences in the redox potentials of the burial and depositional environments existed at the two levels. Fluctuations in the size and extent of the palaeolake are considered to be the likely cause of these differences.</abstract><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>diagenesis</topic><topic>Olduvai</topic><topic>fossil bone</topic><topic>rare earth elements</topic><topic>palaeoenvironment</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>PALAEO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199611</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0031-0182</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0031-0182(00)X0023-5</identifier><part><date>199611</date><detail type="issue"><title>Biogenic Phosphates as Palaeoenvironmental Indicators</title></detail><detail type="volume"><number>126</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>209</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>121</start><end>134</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">7BB0BDF0319AB04FA4E13E9E1946845C316B30AF</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0031-0182(97)88905-5</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0031-0182(97)88905-5</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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