Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary
Identifieur interne : 001123 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001122; suivant : 001124Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary
Auteurs : S. Legras ; C. Mouneyrac ; J. C. Amiard ; C. Amiard-Triquet ; P. S. RainbowSource :
- Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology [ 0022-0981 ] ; 2000.
Abstract
Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P. marmoratus, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in C. maenas, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in C. maenas but not in P. marmoratus. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2
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Mouneyrac</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amiard, J C" sort="Amiard, J C" uniqKey="Amiard J" first="J. C." last="Amiard">J. C. Amiard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amiard Triquet, C" sort="Amiard Triquet, C" uniqKey="Amiard Triquet C" first="C." last="Amiard-Triquet">C. Amiard-Triquet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rainbow, P S" sort="Rainbow, P S" uniqKey="Rainbow P" first="P. S." last="Rainbow">P. S. 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Legras</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mouneyrac, C" sort="Mouneyrac, C" uniqKey="Mouneyrac C" first="C." last="Mouneyrac">C. Mouneyrac</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amiard, J C" sort="Amiard, J C" uniqKey="Amiard J" first="J. C." last="Amiard">J. C. Amiard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amiard Triquet, C" sort="Amiard Triquet, C" uniqKey="Amiard Triquet C" first="C." last="Amiard-Triquet">C. Amiard-Triquet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rainbow, P S" sort="Rainbow, P S" uniqKey="Rainbow P" first="P. S." last="Rainbow">P. S. Rainbow</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">JEMBE</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-0981</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000">2000</date><biblScope unit="volume">246</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="259">259</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="279">279</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-0981</idno></series><idno type="istex">1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2</idno><idno type="PII">S0022-0981(99)00187-2</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-0981</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P. marmoratus, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in C. maenas, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in C. maenas but not in P. marmoratus. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>S. Legras</name><affiliations><json:string>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. Mouneyrac</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</json:string><json:string>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.C. Amiard</name><affiliations><json:string>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. Amiard-Triquet</name><affiliations><json:string>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P.S. Rainbow</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Crab</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Heavy metals</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Salinity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Metallothionein</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P. marmoratus, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in C. maenas, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in C. maenas but not in P. marmoratus. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>470 x 684 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2144</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6951</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>41176</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>21</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>334</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</title><pii><json:string>S0022-0981(99)00187-2</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><volume>8</volume><editor><json:item><name>J.P. 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Chester</name></json:item></editor><pages><first>157</first></pages><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Chemical Oceanography</title></serie><host><volume>246</volume><pii><json:string>S0022-0981(00)X0109-8</json:string></pii><pages><last>279</last><first>259</first></pages><issn><json:string>0022-0981</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology</title><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY</json:string><json:string>ECOLOGY</json:string></wos></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2</json:string></doi><id>1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912</id><score>0.046449184</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Three sampling sites (*) along the Gironde estuary, France.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Procedure of metal compartmentation and metallothionein determination in soft tissues of crabs. *Metal quantification by atomic absorption spectrophotometry; **MT quantification by differential pulse polarography.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Relationship between MT and soluble metal (Cd+Cu+Zn) concentrations in hepatopancreas or gills of C. maenas originating from the three sampling sites (both sexes, n=32).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Relationship between MT and soluble Zn concentrations in the hepatopancreas of P. marmoratus originating from Le Verdon (LV) and Phare de Richard (PR) (both sexes, n=70).</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: MT levels in the gills of P. marmoratus (both sites, n=70). (A) Relation with weight and sex; (B) relation with total protein concentrations.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1 +P1) in the soft tissues of hepatopancreas or gills of male P. marmoratus (n=32). See enlargement for total Cd concentrations which were between 0.07 and 1.39 in the hepatopancreas and between 0.09 and 0.49 in gills.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1+P1) in the soft tissues of hepatopancreas or gills of male C. maenas (n=25).</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: MT and total protein concentrations (means and confidence intervals at 95% level) in hepatopancreas (HP) or gills (G) of P. marmoratus (M=male, n=32; F=female, n=24) or C. maenas (male: n=8; female: n=7) from Le Verdon estuarine site.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Results of external quality control (concentrations in mg/kg dry wt.) (Coquery and Horvat, 1996)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1+P1) in soft tissues of crabs; slopes, intercepts and correlation coefficients of the best fit straight lines shown in Figs. 6 and 7</note><note type="content">Table 3: Intersite comparisons between metal levels in hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus and C. maenas (probabilities obtained with unpaired Student’s t-test) LV=Le Verdon; LC=Le Cheyzin; PR=Phare de Richard</note><note type="content">Table 4: Changes in cytosolic metal and protein concentrations in hepatopancreas (HP) and gills (G) of crabs with increasing salinity. Comparisons carried out using Student’s t-test between males caught at Le Verdon and Phare de Richard and selected within the same range of weight; ↗ increase or ↘ decrease significant at least at the 95% level; –: NS</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Legras</surname></persName><affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>Mouneyrac</surname></persName><email>catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author</p></note><affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">J.C.</forename><surname>Amiard</surname></persName><affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>Amiard-Triquet</surname></persName><affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">P.S.</forename><surname>Rainbow</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">JEMBE</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-0981</idno><idno type="PII">S0022-0981(00)X0109-8</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000"></date><biblScope unit="volume">246</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="259">259</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="279">279</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2</idno><idno type="PII">S0022-0981(99)00187-2</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P. marmoratus, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in C. maenas, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in C. maenas but not in P. marmoratus. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Crab</term></item><item><term>Heavy metals</term></item><item><term>Salinity</term></item><item><term>Metallothionein</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-11-25">Modified</change><change when="2000">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR8"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>JEMBE</jid><aid>3438</aid><ce:pii>S0022-0981(99)00187-2</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2000">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Legras</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Mouneyrac</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Amiard</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Amiard-Triquet</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Rainbow</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Service d’Ecotoxicologie, ISOMer, Facult de Pharmacie, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="2" month="7" year="1999"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="25" month="11" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="16" month="12" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Intermoult male and female crabs <ce:italic>Pachygrapsus marmoratus</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Carcinus maenas</ce:italic> were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In <ce:italic>P. marmoratus</ce:italic>, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in <ce:italic>C. maenas</ce:italic>, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of <ce:italic>P. marmoratus</ce:italic>. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in <ce:italic>C. maenas</ce:italic> but not in <ce:italic>P. marmoratus</ce:italic>. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Crab</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Heavy metals</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Salinity</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Metallothionein</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Legras</namePart><affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Mouneyrac</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr</affiliation><affiliation>IRFA, Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale, 44, rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France</affiliation><description>Corresponding author</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Amiard</namePart><affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Amiard-Triquet</namePart><affiliation>GDR 1117 CNRS, Ecotoxicologie et Chimie Marines, 2, rue de la Houissinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rainbow</namePart><affiliation>Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-11-25</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P. marmoratus, MT concentrations were mainly related to changes in the natural factors even if MT and Zn concentrations were positively correlated in the hepatopancreas whereas in C. maenas, the main relationships were with accumulated metal levels. In the case of the natural factors, the most important ones were weight in gills of both crab species, and salinity changes in both hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus. Cd and Cu concentrations in both organs of the two species were inversely related to salinity. The same observation was found for Zn concentrations in C. maenas but not in P. marmoratus. In the hepatopancreas of both species, the highest total protein concentrations were found in crabs from the site with the highest salinity, whereas there were no such differences in the gills. It seems that changes in MT concentrations are linked more to changes in general protein metabolism than to changes in metal accumulation. Thus it was important to examine the storage of metals in other tissue compartments, particularly the insoluble fraction which includes mineral granules which is known to also contribute to trace metal detoxification in invertebrates. In the gills of the crabs, Zn was present mainly in the insoluble fraction, whereas Cd was nearly equally distributed between soluble and insoluble fractions. In contrast, Cu in the gills and all three metals in the hepatopancreas of both species were mainly cytosolic, but this does not necessarily imply a predominant role for MT since the cytosolic fraction also includes other macromolecules which may be the target binding site for accumulated trace metals.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Three sampling sites (*) along the Gironde estuary, France.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Procedure of metal compartmentation and metallothionein determination in soft tissues of crabs. *Metal quantification by atomic absorption spectrophotometry; **MT quantification by differential pulse polarography.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Relationship between MT and soluble metal (Cd+Cu+Zn) concentrations in hepatopancreas or gills of C. maenas originating from the three sampling sites (both sexes, n=32).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Relationship between MT and soluble Zn concentrations in the hepatopancreas of P. marmoratus originating from Le Verdon (LV) and Phare de Richard (PR) (both sexes, n=70).</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: MT levels in the gills of P. marmoratus (both sites, n=70). (A) Relation with weight and sex; (B) relation with total protein concentrations.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1 +P1) in the soft tissues of hepatopancreas or gills of male P. marmoratus (n=32). See enlargement for total Cd concentrations which were between 0.07 and 1.39 in the hepatopancreas and between 0.09 and 0.49 in gills.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1+P1) in the soft tissues of hepatopancreas or gills of male C. maenas (n=25).</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: MT and total protein concentrations (means and confidence intervals at 95% level) in hepatopancreas (HP) or gills (G) of P. marmoratus (M=male, n=32; F=female, n=24) or C. maenas (male: n=8; female: n=7) from Le Verdon estuarine site.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Results of external quality control (concentrations in mg/kg dry wt.) (Coquery and Horvat, 1996)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Relationship between soluble (S1) or insoluble (P1) fraction versus total metal (S1+P1) in soft tissues of crabs; slopes, intercepts and correlation coefficients of the best fit straight lines shown in Figs. 6 and 7</note><note type="content">Table 3: Intersite comparisons between metal levels in hepatopancreas and gills of P. marmoratus and C. maenas (probabilities obtained with unpaired Student’s t-test) LV=Le Verdon; LC=Le Cheyzin; PR=Phare de Richard</note><note type="content">Table 4: Changes in cytosolic metal and protein concentrations in hepatopancreas (HP) and gills (G) of crabs with increasing salinity. Comparisons carried out using Student’s t-test between males caught at Le Verdon and Phare de Richard and selected within the same range of weight; ↗ increase or ↘ decrease significant at least at the 95% level; –: NS</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Crab</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Metallothionein</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>JEMBE</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20000405</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0022-0981</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0022-0981(00)X0109-8</identifier><part><date>20000405</date><detail type="volume"><number>246</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>145</start><end>294</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>259</start><end>279</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">1E72996897769DB913B774B55890295FEFE37912</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00187-2</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0022-0981(99)00187-2</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2000</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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