Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods
Identifieur interne : 000757 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000756; suivant : 000758Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods
Auteurs : C. Julien ; C. Letranchant ; S. Rangan ; M. Lemal ; S. Ziolkiewicz ; S. Castro-Garcia ; L. El-Farh ; M. BenkaddourSource :
- Materials Science & Engineering B [ 0921-5107 ] ; 2000.
English descriptors
Abstract
The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (R 3 ̄m space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1
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Letranchant</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rangan, S" sort="Rangan, S" uniqKey="Rangan S" first="S." last="Rangan">S. Rangan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemal, M" sort="Lemal, M" uniqKey="Lemal M" first="M." last="Lemal">M. Lemal</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ziolkiewicz, S" sort="Ziolkiewicz, S" uniqKey="Ziolkiewicz S" first="S." last="Ziolkiewicz">S. Ziolkiewicz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro Garcia, S" sort="Castro Garcia, S" uniqKey="Castro Garcia S" first="S." last="Castro-Garcia">S. Castro-Garcia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Farh, L" sort="El Farh, L" uniqKey="El Farh L" first="L." last="El-Farh">L. El-Farh</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benkaddour, M" sort="Benkaddour, M" uniqKey="Benkaddour M" first="M." last="Benkaddour">M. 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Julien</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: cjul@ccr.jussieu.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Letranchant, C" sort="Letranchant, C" uniqKey="Letranchant C" first="C." last="Letranchant">C. Letranchant</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rangan, S" sort="Rangan, S" uniqKey="Rangan S" first="S." last="Rangan">S. Rangan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemal, M" sort="Lemal, M" uniqKey="Lemal M" first="M." last="Lemal">M. Lemal</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ziolkiewicz, S" sort="Ziolkiewicz, S" uniqKey="Ziolkiewicz S" first="S." last="Ziolkiewicz">S. Ziolkiewicz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro Garcia, S" sort="Castro Garcia, S" uniqKey="Castro Garcia S" first="S." last="Castro-Garcia">S. Castro-Garcia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Farh, L" sort="El Farh, L" uniqKey="El Farh L" first="L." last="El-Farh">L. El-Farh</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benkaddour, M" sort="Benkaddour, M" uniqKey="Benkaddour M" first="M." last="Benkaddour">M. Benkaddour</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Materials Science & Engineering B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">MSB</title><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000">2000</date><biblScope unit="volume">76</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="145">145</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="155">155</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno></series><idno type="istex">4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0921-5107(00)00431-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0921-5107</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Carboxylic acids</term><term>LiNi0.5Co0.5O2</term><term>Rechargeable Li cell</term><term>Wet chemistry</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (R 3 ̄m space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>C. Julien</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: cjul@ccr.jussieu.fr</json:string><json:string>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. Letranchant</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Rangan</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Lemal</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Ziolkiewicz</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Castro-Garcia</name><affiliations><json:string>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L. El-Farh</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Benkaddour</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>LiNi0.5Co0.5O2</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Rechargeable Li cell</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Wet chemistry</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Carboxylic acids</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (R 3 ̄m space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.064</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1267</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5256</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>33356</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>11</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>172</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods</title><pii><json:string>S0921-5107(00)00431-1</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>76</volume><pii><json:string>S0921-5107(00)X0059-1</json:string></pii><pages><last>155</last><first>145</first></pages><issn><json:string>0921-5107</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Materials Science & Engineering B</title><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER</json:string><json:string>MATERIALS SCIENCE</json:string><json:string>MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY</json:string></wos></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1</json:string></doi><id>4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61</id><score>0.09314635</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2000 Elsevier Science S.A.</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Synthetic procedure of polycrystalline LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders by the wet-chemistry techniques.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: TG–DTA curves of the LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 grown by (A) the citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques. These measurements were carried out at a heating rate of 10°C min−1 with oxygen flow.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Observed XRD diagrams of microcrystalline LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders calcined at 600°C. Powders were synthesized by (A) citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques. XRD peaks were indexed assuming the R 3 ̄m symmetry (hexagonal).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Typical room temperature FTIR absorption spectra of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 samples prepared by (A) citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques and calcined at 600°C.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: FTIR absorption spectra of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 samples prepared by the oxalic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques and calcined at (A) 400; and (B) 600°C for 5 h.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Typical charge–discharge characteristics of Li//LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 non-aqueous cell employing the electrolyte of composition 1 M LiClO4 in PC at room temperature. Charge and discharge were obtained at current density 0.1 mA cm−2. LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials were calcined at 600°C and synthesized by the wet-chemistry techniques using (A) citric acid; (B) oxalic acid; (C) glycine; and (D) succinic acid.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Synthesis and crystallographic parameters of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds</note><note type="content">Table 2: The various wet-chemistry methods used for the growth of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders</note><note type="content">Table 3: XRD results obtained on LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders calcined at 600°Ca</note><note type="content">Table 4: Wavenumbers (in cm−1) and assignments of the IR-active modes of the layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>Julien</surname></persName><email>cjul@ccr.jussieu.fr</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-144-274561; fax: +33-144-274512</p></note><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>Letranchant</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Rangan</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Lemal</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Ziolkiewicz</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Castro-Garcia</surname></persName><affiliation>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-7"><persName><forename type="first">L.</forename><surname>El-Farh</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-8"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Benkaddour</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Materials Science & Engineering B</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">MSB</title><idno type="pISSN">0921-5107</idno><idno type="PII">S0921-5107(00)X0059-1</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000"></date><biblScope unit="volume">76</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="145">145</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="155">155</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0921-5107(00)00431-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (R 3 ̄m space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>LiNi0.5Co0.5O2</term></item><item><term>Rechargeable Li cell</term></item><item><term>Wet chemistry</term></item><item><term>Carboxylic acids</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2000-02-08">Modified</change><change when="2000">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>MSB</jid><aid>3680</aid><ce:pii>S0921-5107(00)00431-1</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2000">Elsevier Science S.A.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Layered LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf> cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Julien</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>cjul@ccr.jussieu.fr</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Letranchant</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Rangan</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Lemal</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Ziolkiewicz</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Castro-Garcia</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>L.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>El-Farh</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Benkaddour</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-144-274561; fax: +33-144-274512</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="2" month="11" year="1999"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="8" month="2" year="2000"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="17" month="2" year="2000"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf> used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf> products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf> compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (<math altimg="si4.gif">R<a><ac>3</ac><ac>̄</ac></a>m</math> space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO<ce:inf>4</ce:inf> in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf> positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>LiNi<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>Co<ce:inf>0.5</ce:inf>O<ce:inf>2</ce:inf></ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Rechargeable Li cell</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Wet chemistry</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Carboxylic acids</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials grown by soft-chemistry via various solution methods</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Layered LiNi</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Julien</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: cjul@ccr.jussieu.fr</affiliation><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-144-274561; fax: +33-144-274512</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Letranchant</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rangan</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lemal</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ziolkiewicz</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, UMR7603, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Castro-Garcia</namePart><affiliation>Departamento Quimica Fundamental e Industrial, Universidade A Coruna, 15071 A Coruna, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">El-Farh</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Benkaddour</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire d’Analyse et Caractérisation des Matériaux, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Oujda, Morocco</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2000-02-08</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The lithiated nickel–cobalt oxide LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 used as cathode material was grown at low-temperature using different aqueous solution methods. The wet chemistry involved the mixture of metal salts (acetates or nitrates) with various carboxylic acid-based aqueous solutions. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 products calcined at 400–600°C were extensively investigated. The four methods used involved complexing agents such as either citric, oxalic, aminoacetic (glycine), or succinic acid in aqueous medium which functioned as a fuel, decomposed the metal complexes at low temperature, and yielded the free impurity LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds. Thermal (TG–DTA) analyses and XRD data show that powders grown with a layered structure (R 3 ̄m space group) have been obtained at temperatures below 400°C by the acidification reaction of the aqueous solutions. The local structure of synthesized products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized products were evaluated in rechargeable Li cells using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte (1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate, PC). The LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 positive electrodes fired at 600°C exhibited good cycling behavior.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Synthetic procedure of polycrystalline LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders by the wet-chemistry techniques.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: TG–DTA curves of the LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 grown by (A) the citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques. These measurements were carried out at a heating rate of 10°C min−1 with oxygen flow.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Observed XRD diagrams of microcrystalline LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders calcined at 600°C. Powders were synthesized by (A) citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques. XRD peaks were indexed assuming the R 3 ̄m symmetry (hexagonal).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Typical room temperature FTIR absorption spectra of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 samples prepared by (A) citric acid-assisted; (B) oxalic acid-assisted; (C) glycine-assisted; and (D) succinic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques and calcined at 600°C.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: FTIR absorption spectra of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 samples prepared by the oxalic acid-assisted wet-chemistry techniques and calcined at (A) 400; and (B) 600°C for 5 h.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Typical charge–discharge characteristics of Li//LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 non-aqueous cell employing the electrolyte of composition 1 M LiClO4 in PC at room temperature. Charge and discharge were obtained at current density 0.1 mA cm−2. LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 cathode materials were calcined at 600°C and synthesized by the wet-chemistry techniques using (A) citric acid; (B) oxalic acid; (C) glycine; and (D) succinic acid.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Synthesis and crystallographic parameters of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds</note><note type="content">Table 2: The various wet-chemistry methods used for the growth of LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders</note><note type="content">Table 3: XRD results obtained on LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 powders calcined at 600°Ca</note><note type="content">Table 4: Wavenumbers (in cm−1) and assignments of the IR-active modes of the layered LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 compounds</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>LiNi0.5Co0.5O2</topic><topic>Rechargeable Li cell</topic><topic>Wet chemistry</topic><topic>Carboxylic acids</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Materials Science & Engineering B</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>MSB</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20000703</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0921-5107</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0921-5107(00)X0059-1</identifier><part><date>20000703</date><detail type="volume"><number>76</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>83</start><end>172</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>145</start><end>155</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">4D8D642227FD5AECB281A4F8A5CCA311D9727E61</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00431-1</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0921-5107(00)00431-1</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2000 Elsevier Science S.A.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science S.A., ©2000</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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