Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment
Identifieur interne : 000013 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000012; suivant : 000014Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment
Auteurs : C. Victor Levin ; Brahim El Gueddari ; Ahmed MeghzifeneSource :
- Radiotherapy and Oncology [ 0167-8140 ] ; 1999.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Background and purpose: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region. Materials and methods: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines. Results: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services. Conclusion: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title><author><name sortKey="Levin, C Victor" sort="Levin, C Victor" uniqKey="Levin C" first="C. Victor" last="Levin">C. Victor Levin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Gueddari, Brahim" sort="El Gueddari, Brahim" uniqKey="El Gueddari B" first="Brahim" last="El Gueddari">Brahim El Gueddari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meghzifene, Ahmed" sort="Meghzifene, Ahmed" uniqKey="Meghzifene A" first="Ahmed" last="Meghzifene">Ahmed Meghzifene</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3</idno><date when="1999" year="1999">1999</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000013</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000013</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title><author><name sortKey="Levin, C Victor" sort="Levin, C Victor" uniqKey="Levin C" first="C. Victor" last="Levin">C. Victor Levin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Gueddari, Brahim" sort="El Gueddari, Brahim" uniqKey="El Gueddari B" first="Brahim" last="El Gueddari">Brahim El Gueddari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meghzifene, Ahmed" sort="Meghzifene, Ahmed" uniqKey="Meghzifene A" first="Ahmed" last="Meghzifene">Ahmed Meghzifene</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Radiotherapy and Oncology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">RADION</title><idno type="ISSN">0167-8140</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999">1999</date><biblScope unit="volume">52</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="79">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="83">83</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0167-8140</idno></series><idno type="istex">8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8140(99)00069-9</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0167-8140</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Cancer burden</term><term>Developing countries</term><term>Megavoltage</term><term>Radiotherapy</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background and purpose: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region. Materials and methods: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines. Results: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services. Conclusion: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>C.Victor Levin</name><affiliations><json:string>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Brahim El Gueddari</name><affiliations><json:string>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ahmed Meghzifene</name><affiliations><json:string>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Developing countries</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Cancer burden</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Radiotherapy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Megavoltage</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background and purpose: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region. Materials and methods: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines. Results: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services. Conclusion: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.19</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 794 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1255</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>2886</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>18198</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>192</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title><pii><json:string>S0167-8140(99)00069-9</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>52</volume><pii><json:string>S0167-8140(00)X0055-2</json:string></pii><pages><last>83</last><first>79</first></pages><issn><json:string>0167-8140</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Radiotherapy and Oncology</title><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>ONCOLOGY</json:string><json:string>RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING</json:string><json:string>REHABILITATION</json:string></wos></categories><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</json:string></doi><id>8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3</id><score>0.3759191</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Regions of Africa according to economic grouping (SADC) and language of higher education.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Countries of Africa with the number of population served by each megavoltage machine, divided into high, medium and low concentrations of megavoltage machines.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Tabulation of names of countries within Africaa</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">C.Victor</forename><surname>Levin</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author</p></note><affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Brahim</forename><surname>El Gueddari</surname></persName><affiliation>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Ahmed</forename><surname>Meghzifene</surname></persName><affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Radiotherapy and Oncology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">RADION</title><idno type="pISSN">0167-8140</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8140(00)X0055-2</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999"></date><biblScope unit="volume">52</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="79">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="83">83</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8140(99)00069-9</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background and purpose: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region. Materials and methods: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines. Results: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services. Conclusion: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Developing countries</term></item><item><term>Cancer burden</term></item><item><term>Radiotherapy</term></item><item><term>Megavoltage</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-04-27">Modified</change><change when="1999">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>RADION</jid><aid>2339</aid><ce:pii>S0167-8140(99)00069-9</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1999">Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>C.Victor</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Levin</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Brahim</ce:given-name><ce:surname>El Gueddari</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Ahmed</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Meghzifene</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="24" month="2" year="1999"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="27" month="4" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="26" month="5" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para><ce:italic>Background and purpose</ce:italic>: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para><ce:italic>Materials and methods</ce:italic>: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para><ce:italic>Results</ce:italic>: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para><ce:italic>Conclusion</ce:italic>: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Developing countries</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Cancer burden</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Radiotherapy</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Megavoltage</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Radiation therapy in Africa: distribution and equipment</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.Victor</namePart><namePart type="family">Levin</namePart><affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</affiliation><description>Corresponding author</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brahim</namePart><namePart type="family">El Gueddari</namePart><affiliation>Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat, Morocco</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ahmed</namePart><namePart type="family">Meghzifene</namePart><affiliation>International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A1400, Vienna, Austria</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-04-27</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Background and purpose: Africa is the least developed continent as regards radiation oncology resources. The documented ASR of cancer is of the order of 1 to 2 per 1000. With improving health care this is becoming more significant. This review was undertaken to help develop priorities for the region. Materials and methods: Radiation Oncology departments in Africa were identified and a survey of their equipment performed. These were compared to the reported situation in 1991. Population tables for the year 2000 were compared to available megavoltage machines. Results: Of 56 countries in Africa, only 22 are confidently known to have megavoltage therapy concentrated in the southern and northern extremes of the continent. The 155 megavoltage machines operating represents over 100% increase over the past 8 years. The population served by each megavoltage machine ranges from 0.6 million to 70 million per machine. Overall, only 50% of the population have some access to Radiation Oncology services. Conclusion: Progress has been made in initiating radiation oncology in Ghana, Ethiopia and Namibia. There has been some increase in machines in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. However, a large backlog exists for basic radiation services.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Regions of Africa according to economic grouping (SADC) and language of higher education.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Countries of Africa with the number of population served by each megavoltage machine, divided into high, medium and low concentrations of megavoltage machines.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Tabulation of names of countries within Africaa</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Cancer burden</topic><topic>Radiotherapy</topic><topic>Megavoltage</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Radiotherapy and Oncology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>RADION</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">19990701</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0167-8140</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8140(00)X0055-2</identifier><part><date>19990701</date><detail type="volume"><number>52</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>89</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>79</start><end>83</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">8055C6E7F637C0546F3087B832530B4DF639D9E3</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00069-9</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8140(99)00069-9</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd, ©1999</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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