Electrophysiological evidence that noradrenergic neurons of the rat locus coeruleus are tonically inhibited by GABA during sleep
Identifieur interne : 000354 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000353; suivant : 000355Electrophysiological evidence that noradrenergic neurons of the rat locus coeruleus are tonically inhibited by GABA during sleep
Auteurs : D. Gervasoni ; L. Darracq ; P. Fort ; F. Soulière [France] ; G. Chouvet [France] ; P-H. LuppiSource :
- European Journal of Neuroscience [ 0953-816X ] ; 1998-03.
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Abstract
It is well known that noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neurons decrease their activity during slow wave sleep (SWS) and are virtually quiescent during paradoxical sleep (PS). It has been proposed that a GABAergic input could be directly responsible for this sleep‐dependent neuronal inactivation. To test this hypothesis, we used a new method combining polygraphic recordings, microiontophoresis and single‐unit extracellular recordings in unanaesthetized head‐restrained rats. We found that iontophoretic application of bicuculline, a specific GABAA‐receptor antagonist, during PS and SWS restore a tonic firing in the LC noradrenergic neurons. We further observed that the application of bicuculline during wakefulness (W) induced an increase of the discharge rate. Of particular importance for the interpretation of these results, using the microdialysis technique, Nitz and Siegel (Neuroscience 1997; 78: 795) recently found an increase of the GABA release in the cat LC during SWS and PS as compared with waking values. Based on these and our results, we therefore propose that during W, the LC cells are under a GABAergic inhibitory tone which progressively increases at the entrance and during SWS and PS and is responsible for the inactivation of these neurons during these states.
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DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00106.x
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Chouvet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Neuro‐Pharmacologie et Neurochimie, INSERM CJF 95‐06, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373,Lyon‐Cdx 08</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">08</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luppi, P" sort="Luppi, P" uniqKey="Luppi P" first="P-H." last="Luppi">P-H. Luppi</name></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">European Journal of Neuroscience</title><idno type="ISSN">0953-816X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-9568</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1998-03">1998-03</date><biblScope unit="volume">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="964">964</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="970">970</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0953-816X</idno></series><idno type="istex">C39897A84A4B14A99AA46881859C46584F975D2A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00106.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">EJN106</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0953-816X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>bicuculline</term><term>head‐restrained rat</term><term>iontophoresis</term><term>paradoxical sleep</term><term>polygraphic recordings</term><term>single unit recordings</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">It is well known that noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neurons decrease their activity during slow wave sleep (SWS) and are virtually quiescent during paradoxical sleep (PS). It has been proposed that a GABAergic input could be directly responsible for this sleep‐dependent neuronal inactivation. To test this hypothesis, we used a new method combining polygraphic recordings, microiontophoresis and single‐unit extracellular recordings in unanaesthetized head‐restrained rats. We found that iontophoretic application of bicuculline, a specific GABAA‐receptor antagonist, during PS and SWS restore a tonic firing in the LC noradrenergic neurons. We further observed that the application of bicuculline during wakefulness (W) induced an increase of the discharge rate. Of particular importance for the interpretation of these results, using the microdialysis technique, Nitz and Siegel (Neuroscience 1997; 78: 795) recently found an increase of the GABA release in the cat LC during SWS and PS as compared with waking values. Based on these and our results, we therefore propose that during W, the LC cells are under a GABAergic inhibitory tone which progressively increases at the entrance and during SWS and PS and is responsible for the inactivation of these neurons during these states.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Rhône-Alpes</li></region><settlement><li>08</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Darracq, L" sort="Darracq, L" uniqKey="Darracq L" first="L." last="Darracq">L. Darracq</name><name sortKey="Fort, P" sort="Fort, P" uniqKey="Fort P" first="P." last="Fort">P. Fort</name><name sortKey="Gervasoni, D" sort="Gervasoni, D" uniqKey="Gervasoni D" first="D." last="Gervasoni">D. Gervasoni</name><name sortKey="Luppi, P" sort="Luppi, P" uniqKey="Luppi P" first="P-H." last="Luppi">P-H. 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