Steering a tractor by means of an EMG-based human-machine interface.
Identifieur interne : 000311 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000310; suivant : 000312Steering a tractor by means of an EMG-based human-machine interface.
Auteurs : Jaime Gomez-Gil ; Israel San-Jose-Gonzalez ; Luis Fernando Nicolas-Alonso ; Sergio Alonso-GarciaSource :
- Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) [ 1424-8220 ] ; 2011.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- instrumentation : Agriculture.
- Electromyography, Humans, Man-Machine Systems, Motor Vehicles, User-Computer Interface.
Abstract
An electromiographic (EMG)-based human-machine interface (HMI) is a communication pathway between a human and a machine that operates by means of the acquisition and processing of EMG signals. This article explores the use of EMG-based HMIs in the steering of farm tractors. An EPOC, a low-cost human-computer interface (HCI) from the Emotiv Company, was employed. This device, by means of 14 saline sensors, measures and processes EMG and electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from the scalp of the driver. In our tests, the HMI took into account only the detection of four trained muscular events on the driver's scalp: eyes looking to the right and jaw opened, eyes looking to the right and jaw closed, eyes looking to the left and jaw opened, and eyes looking to the left and jaw closed. The EMG-based HMI guidance was compared with manual guidance and with autonomous GPS guidance. A driver tested these three guidance systems along three different trajectories: a straight line, a step, and a circumference. The accuracy of the EMG-based HMI guidance was lower than the accuracy obtained by manual guidance, which was lower in turn than the accuracy obtained by the autonomous GPS guidance; the computed standard deviations of error to the desired trajectory in the straight line were 16 cm, 9 cm, and 4 cm, respectively. Since the standard deviation between the manual guidance and the EMG-based HMI guidance differed only 7 cm, and this difference is not relevant in agricultural steering, it can be concluded that it is possible to steer a tractor by an EMG-based HMI with almost the same accuracy as with manual steering.
DOI: 10.3390/s110707110
PubMed: 22164006
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:22164006Le document en format XML
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This article explores the use of EMG-based HMIs in the steering of farm tractors. An EPOC, a low-cost human-computer interface (HCI) from the Emotiv Company, was employed. This device, by means of 14 saline sensors, measures and processes EMG and electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from the scalp of the driver. In our tests, the HMI took into account only the detection of four trained muscular events on the driver's scalp: eyes looking to the right and jaw opened, eyes looking to the right and jaw closed, eyes looking to the left and jaw opened, and eyes looking to the left and jaw closed. The EMG-based HMI guidance was compared with manual guidance and with autonomous GPS guidance. A driver tested these three guidance systems along three different trajectories: a straight line, a step, and a circumference. The accuracy of the EMG-based HMI guidance was lower than the accuracy obtained by manual guidance, which was lower in turn than the accuracy obtained by the autonomous GPS guidance; the computed standard deviations of error to the desired trajectory in the straight line were 16 cm, 9 cm, and 4 cm, respectively. Since the standard deviation between the manual guidance and the EMG-based HMI guidance differed only 7 cm, and this difference is not relevant in agricultural steering, it can be concluded that it is possible to steer a tractor by an EMG-based HMI with almost the same accuracy as with manual steering.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">22164006</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2012</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>07</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2012</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>22</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1424-8220</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>7</Issue><PubDate><Year>2011</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sensors (Basel)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Steering a tractor by means of an EMG-based human-machine interface.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>7110-26</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/s110707110</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>An electromiographic (EMG)-based human-machine interface (HMI) is a communication pathway between a human and a machine that operates by means of the acquisition and processing of EMG signals. This article explores the use of EMG-based HMIs in the steering of farm tractors. An EPOC, a low-cost human-computer interface (HCI) from the Emotiv Company, was employed. This device, by means of 14 saline sensors, measures and processes EMG and electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from the scalp of the driver. In our tests, the HMI took into account only the detection of four trained muscular events on the driver's scalp: eyes looking to the right and jaw opened, eyes looking to the right and jaw closed, eyes looking to the left and jaw opened, and eyes looking to the left and jaw closed. The EMG-based HMI guidance was compared with manual guidance and with autonomous GPS guidance. A driver tested these three guidance systems along three different trajectories: a straight line, a step, and a circumference. The accuracy of the EMG-based HMI guidance was lower than the accuracy obtained by manual guidance, which was lower in turn than the accuracy obtained by the autonomous GPS guidance; the computed standard deviations of error to the desired trajectory in the straight line were 16 cm, 9 cm, and 4 cm, respectively. Since the standard deviation between the manual guidance and the EMG-based HMI guidance differed only 7 cm, and this difference is not relevant in agricultural steering, it can be concluded that it is possible to steer a tractor by an EMG-based HMI with almost the same accuracy as with manual steering.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gomez-Gil</LastName><ForeName>Jaime</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Signal Theory, Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain. jgomez@tel.uva.es</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>San-Jose-Gonzalez</LastName><ForeName>Israel</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nicolas-Alonso</LastName><ForeName>Luis Fernando</ForeName><Initials>LF</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alonso-Garcia</LastName><ForeName>Sergio</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2011</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>11</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Sensors (Basel)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101204366</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1424-8220</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 May;55(5):1582-91</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18440904</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Mar;55(3):1128-35</RefSource><PMID 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