Performance Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of SubCarrier Modulation Wake-up Radio Systems for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Identifieur interne : 000410 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000409; suivant : 000411Performance Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of SubCarrier Modulation Wake-up Radio Systems for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Auteurs : Joaquim Oller [Espagne] ; Ilker Demirkol [Espagne] ; Jordi Casademont [Espagne] ; Josep Paradells [Espagne] ; Gerd Ulrich Gamm ; Leonhard ReindlSource :
- Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) [ 1424-8220 ] ; 2013.
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Abstract
Energy-efficient communication is one of the main concerns of wireless sensor networks nowadays. A commonly employed approach for achieving energy efficiency has been the use of duty-cycled operation of the radio, where the node's transceiver is turned off and on regularly, listening to the radio channel for possible incoming communication during its on-state. Nonetheless, such a paradigm performs poorly for scenarios of low or bursty traffic because of unnecessary activations of the radio transceiver. As an alternative technology, Wake-up Radio (WuR) systems present a promising energy-efficient network operation, where target devices are only activated in an on-demand fashion by means of a special radio signal and a WuR receiver. In this paper, we analyze a novel wake-up radio approach that integrates both data communication and wake-up functionalities into one platform, providing a reconfigurable radio operation. Through physical experiments, we characterize the delay, current consumption and overall operational range performance of this approach under different transmit power levels. We also present an actual single-hop WuR application scenario, as well as demonstrate the first true multi-hop capabilities of a WuR platform and simulate its performance in a multi-hop scenario. Finally, by thorough qualitative comparisons to the most relevant WuR proposals in the literature, we state that the proposed WuR system stands out as a strong candidate for any application requiring energy-efficient wireless sensor node communications.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/s140100022
PubMed: 24451452
PubMed Central: 3926545
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E-Mails:<email>gerd.ulrich.gamm@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (G.U.G.);<email>reindl@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (L.R.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24451452</idno><idno type="pmc">3926545</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926545</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3926545</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/s140100022</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000578</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000578</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000578</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000578</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000223</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000223</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000215</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000975</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000975</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000975</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000410</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000410</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Performance Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of SubCarrier Modulation Wake-up Radio Systems for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks</title><author><name sortKey="Oller, Joaquim" sort="Oller, Joaquim" uniqKey="Oller J" first="Joaquim" last="Oller">Joaquim Oller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-14-00022"> Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain; E-Mails:<email>joaquim.oller@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.O.);<email>jordi.casademont@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.C.);<email>josep.paradells@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.P.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-14-00022"> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region nuts="2" type="communauté">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demirkol, Ilker" sort="Demirkol, Ilker" uniqKey="Demirkol I" first="Ilker" last="Demirkol">Ilker Demirkol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-14-00022"> Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain; E-Mails:<email>joaquim.oller@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.O.);<email>jordi.casademont@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.C.);<email>josep.paradells@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.P.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-14-00022"> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region nuts="2" type="communauté">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casademont, Jordi" sort="Casademont, Jordi" uniqKey="Casademont J" first="Jordi" last="Casademont">Jordi Casademont</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-14-00022"> Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain; E-Mails:<email>joaquim.oller@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.O.);<email>jordi.casademont@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.C.);<email>josep.paradells@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.P.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-14-00022"> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region nuts="2" type="communauté">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paradells, Josep" sort="Paradells, Josep" uniqKey="Paradells J" first="Josep" last="Paradells">Josep Paradells</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-14-00022"> Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain; E-Mails:<email>joaquim.oller@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.O.);<email>jordi.casademont@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.C.);<email>josep.paradells@entel.upc.edu</email> (J.P.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-14-00022"> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea> Fundació i2Cat, C/Gran Capità 2, Barcelona 08034</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region nuts="2" type="communauté">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamm, Gerd Ulrich" sort="Gamm, Gerd Ulrich" uniqKey="Gamm G" first="Gerd Ulrich" last="Gamm">Gerd Ulrich Gamm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-sensors-14-00022"> Institut für Mikrosystemtechnik—IMTEK, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany; E-Mails:<email>gerd.ulrich.gamm@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (G.U.G.);<email>reindl@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (L.R.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reindl, Leonhard" sort="Reindl, Leonhard" uniqKey="Reindl L" first="Leonhard" last="Reindl">Leonhard Reindl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-sensors-14-00022"> Institut für Mikrosystemtechnik—IMTEK, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany; E-Mails:<email>gerd.ulrich.gamm@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (G.U.G.);<email>reindl@imtek.uni-freiburg.de</email> (L.R.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</title><idno type="eISSN">1424-8220</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Algorithms</term><term>Computer Communication Networks</term><term>Radio</term><term>Wireless Technology</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Radio</term><term>Réseaux de communication entre ordinateurs</term><term>Technologie sans fil</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Algorithms</term><term>Computer Communication Networks</term><term>Radio</term><term>Wireless Technology</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Radio</term><term>Réseaux de communication entre ordinateurs</term><term>Technologie sans fil</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Energy-efficient communication is one of the main concerns of wireless sensor networks nowadays. A commonly employed approach for achieving energy efficiency has been the use of duty-cycled operation of the radio, where the node's transceiver is turned off and on regularly, listening to the radio channel for possible incoming communication during its on-state. Nonetheless, such a paradigm performs poorly for scenarios of low or bursty traffic because of unnecessary activations of the radio transceiver. As an alternative technology, Wake-up Radio (WuR) systems present a promising energy-efficient network operation, where target devices are only activated in an on-demand fashion by means of a special radio signal and a WuR receiver. In this paper, we analyze a novel wake-up radio approach that integrates both data communication and wake-up functionalities into one platform, providing a reconfigurable radio operation. Through physical experiments, we characterize the delay, current consumption and overall operational range performance of this approach under different transmit power levels. We also present an actual single-hop WuR application scenario, as well as demonstrate the first true multi-hop capabilities of a WuR platform and simulate its performance in a multi-hop scenario. Finally, by thorough qualitative comparisons to the most relevant WuR proposals in the literature, we state that the proposed WuR system stands out as a strong candidate for any application requiring energy-efficient wireless sensor node communications.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ba, H" uniqKey="Ba H">H. Ba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demirkol, I" uniqKey="Demirkol I">I. Demirkol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heinzelman, W" uniqKey="Heinzelman W">W. 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