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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Liver and diabetes. A vicious circle</title><author><name sortKey="Loria, Paola" sort="Loria, Paola" uniqKey="Loria P" first="Paola" last="Loria">Paola Loria</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lonardo, Amedeo" sort="Lonardo, Amedeo" uniqKey="Lonardo A" first="Amedeo" last="Lonardo">Amedeo Lonardo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anania, Frank" sort="Anania, Frank" uniqKey="Anania F" first="Frank" last="Anania">Frank Anania</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23332087</idno><idno type="pmc">3733501</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3733501</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3733501</idno><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1872-034X.2012.01031.x</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000072</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000072</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Liver and diabetes. A vicious circle</title><author><name sortKey="Loria, Paola" sort="Loria, Paola" uniqKey="Loria P" first="Paola" last="Loria">Paola Loria</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lonardo, Amedeo" sort="Lonardo, Amedeo" uniqKey="Lonardo A" first="Amedeo" last="Lonardo">Amedeo Lonardo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anania, Frank" sort="Anania, Frank" uniqKey="Anania F" first="Frank" last="Anania">Frank Anania</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology</title><idno type="ISSN">1386-6346</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">The complex and bi-directional relationship linking the liver and diabetes has recently gained intense new interest. This critical review of the published work aims to highlight the most recent basic and clinical data underlying the development of type 2 diabetes, in those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, the potentially detrimental effects of type 2 diabetes in liver injury are also discussed in each of the two sections of the present paper. Fatty liver and diabetes share insulin resistance as their chief pathogenic determinant. The roles of the hypothalamus, the intestinal microbiome, white adipose tissue and inflammation are discussed in detail. Molecular insights into hepatocyte insulin resistance as the initiator of systemic insulin resistance are also presented with full coverage of the danger of fatty acids. Lipotoxicity, apoptosis, lipoautophagy, endoplasmic reticular stress response and recent developments in genetics are discussed. Closing the circle, special emphasis is given to biochemical pathways and clinical evidence supporting the role of type 2 diabetes as a risk factor for the development of progressive liver disease, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. In conclusion, data support non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes which is, in turn, a major contributor to progressive liver disease. This pathway leading from fatty liver to type 2 diabetes and back from the latter to the progressive liver disease is a vicious circle.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9711801</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21510</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Hepatol Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Hepatol. Res.</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1386-6346</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23332087</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3733501</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/j.1872-034X.2012.01031.x</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS491660</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Liver and diabetes. A vicious circle</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Loria</surname><given-names>Paola</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lonardo</surname><given-names>Amedeo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Anania</surname><given-names>Frank</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="CR1">Correspondence: Professor Paola Loria, Operating Unit of Internal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Sant’Agostino Estense NOCSAE, Via Giardini 1135, Baggiovara Modena, 41100 Italy. <email>paola.loria@unimore.it</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>25</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>05</day><month>8</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>43</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2012 The Japan Society of Hepatology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p id="P1">The complex and bi-directional relationship linking the liver and diabetes has recently gained intense new interest. This critical review of the published work aims to highlight the most recent basic and clinical data underlying the development of type 2 diabetes, in those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, the potentially detrimental effects of type 2 diabetes in liver injury are also discussed in each of the two sections of the present paper. Fatty liver and diabetes share insulin resistance as their chief pathogenic determinant. The roles of the hypothalamus, the intestinal microbiome, white adipose tissue and inflammation are discussed in detail. Molecular insights into hepatocyte insulin resistance as the initiator of systemic insulin resistance are also presented with full coverage of the danger of fatty acids. Lipotoxicity, apoptosis, lipoautophagy, endoplasmic reticular stress response and recent developments in genetics are discussed. Closing the circle, special emphasis is given to biochemical pathways and clinical evidence supporting the role of type 2 diabetes as a risk factor for the development of progressive liver disease, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. In conclusion, data support non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes which is, in turn, a major contributor to progressive liver disease. This pathway leading from fatty liver to type 2 diabetes and back from the latter to the progressive liver disease is a vicious circle.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>cholangiocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>hepatocellular carcinoma</kwd><kwd>management</kwd><kwd>natural history</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases : NIDDK</funding-source><award-id>R01 DK075397 || DK</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases : NIDDK</funding-source><award-id>R01 DK062092 || DK</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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