Processus cognitifs et différentiation sociale de groupes de rats: intérêt de la modélisation multi-agent
Identifieur interne : 005C77 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 005C76; suivant : 005C78Processus cognitifs et différentiation sociale de groupes de rats: intérêt de la modélisation multi-agent
Auteurs : Marie-Caroline Cotel [France] ; Vincent Thomas [France] ; Christine Bourjot [France] ; Didier Desor [France] ; Vincent Chevrier [France] ; Henri Schroeder [France]Source :
Descripteurs français
Abstract
La situation de difficulté d'accès à la nourriture est un modèle expérimental qui consiste à contraindre des rats à nager en apnée le long d'un aquarium jusqu'à une mangeoire et à rapporter la nourriture ainsi obtenue dans la cage d'habitation, pour pouvoir la consommer. L'apparition de la contrainte aquatique va provoquer, au sein d'un groupe de 6 rats, l'émergence d'une différenciation sociale entre des animaux Transporteurs qui plongent et ramènent ainsi la nourriture, et des individus Non-Transporteurs qui ne plongent jamais et se nourrissent en la volant aux Transporteurs. Ce phénomène est reproductible, stable dans le temps et correspond à un processus auto-organisé dans lequel seraient impliquées des opérations cognitives d'ordre social. De manière à confirmer cette hypothèse, une modélisation multi-agent (Hamelin) simulant cette situation expérimentale et faisant interagir plusieurs entités non cognitives entre elles a été réalisée. Hamelin permet de simuler efficacement la différenciation sociale mais fait apparaître des inversions spontanées des statuts sociaux au cours de la simulation, phénomène qui n'est jamais observé in vivo. Cette discordance entre la réalité biologique et la modélisation multi-agent suggère donc un rôle pour des processus socio-cognitifs qui contribueraient in vivo à la stabilisation des statuts sociaux une fois ceux-ci acquis.
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="fr">La situation de difficulté d'accès à la nourriture est un modèle expérimental qui consiste à contraindre des rats à nager en apnée le long d'un aquarium jusqu'à une mangeoire et à rapporter la nourriture ainsi obtenue dans la cage d'habitation, pour pouvoir la consommer. L'apparition de la contrainte aquatique va provoquer, au sein d'un groupe de 6 rats, l'émergence d'une différenciation sociale entre des animaux Transporteurs qui plongent et ramènent ainsi la nourriture, et des individus Non-Transporteurs qui ne plongent jamais et se nourrissent en la volant aux Transporteurs. Ce phénomène est reproductible, stable dans le temps et correspond à un processus auto-organisé dans lequel seraient impliquées des opérations cognitives d'ordre social. De manière à confirmer cette hypothèse, une modélisation multi-agent (Hamelin) simulant cette situation expérimentale et faisant interagir plusieurs entités non cognitives entre elles a été réalisée. Hamelin permet de simuler efficacement la différenciation sociale mais fait apparaître des inversions spontanées des statuts sociaux au cours de la simulation, phénomène qui n'est jamais observé in vivo. Cette discordance entre la réalité biologique et la modélisation multi-agent suggère donc un rôle pour des processus socio-cognitifs qui contribueraient in vivo à la stabilisation des statuts sociaux une fois ceux-ci acquis.</div>
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