Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents
Identifieur interne : 004D25 ( Hal/Curation ); précédent : 004D24; suivant : 004D26Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents
Auteurs : Rim Al Hulou [France] ; Olivier Corby [France] ; Rose Dieng-Kuntz [France] ; Jérôme Euzenat [France] ; Carolina Ramirez [France] ; Amedeo Napoli [France] ; Raphael TroncySource :
English descriptors
- mix :
Abstract
Documents accessible from the web or from any document base constitute a significant source of knowledge as soon as the document contents can be represented in an appropriate form. This paper presents the ESCRIRE project, whose objective is to compare three knowledge representation (KR) formalisms, namely conceptual graphs, description logics and objects, for representing and manipulating document contents. The comparison relies on the definition of a pivot language based on XML, allowing the design of a domain ontology, document annotations and queries. Each element has a corresponding translation in each KR formalism, that is used for inferencing and answering queries. In this paper, the principles on which relies the ESCRIRE project and the first results from this original experiment are described. An analysis of problems encountered, advantages and drawbacks of each formalism are studied with the emphasis put on the ontology-based annotations of document contents and on the query answering capabilities.
Url:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Hal, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :004D25
Links to Exploration step
Hal:inria-00107628Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents</title>
<author><name sortKey="Al Hulou, Rim" sort="Al Hulou, Rim" uniqKey="Al Hulou R" first="Rim" last="Al Hulou">Rim Al Hulou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2358" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200818291B</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge representation, reasonning</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ORPAILLEUR</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/orpailleur</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-160" type="direct"></relation>
<relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-2496" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-160" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-160" status="OLD"><orgName>Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">LORIA</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"><idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
<idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300291" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UHP</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>24-30 rue Lionnois, BP 60120, 54 003 NANCY cedex, France</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300292" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>91 avenue de la Libération, BP 454, 54001 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300293" status="OLD"><orgName>Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">INPL</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-2496" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2496" status="OLD"><orgName>INRIA Lorraine</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre-de-recherche-inria/nancy-grand-est</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Corby, Olivier" sort="Corby, Olivier" uniqKey="Corby O" first="Olivier" last="Corby">Olivier Corby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dieng Kuntz, Rose" sort="Dieng Kuntz, Rose" uniqKey="Dieng Kuntz R" first="Rose" last="Dieng-Kuntz">Rose Dieng-Kuntz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Euzenat, Jerome" sort="Euzenat, Jerome" uniqKey="Euzenat J" first="Jérôme" last="Euzenat">Jérôme Euzenat</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2376" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200318278J</idno>
<orgName>Computer mediated exchange of structured knowledge</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">EXMO</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/exmo</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-2497" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-2497" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2497" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">199218244V</idno>
<orgName>Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Inovallée655 avenue de l'Europe38330 Montbonnot</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/grenoble</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Carolina" sort="Ramirez, Carolina" uniqKey="Ramirez C" first="Carolina" last="Ramirez">Carolina Ramirez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Napoli, Amedeo" sort="Napoli, Amedeo" uniqKey="Napoli A" first="Amedeo" last="Napoli">Amedeo Napoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2358" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200818291B</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge representation, reasonning</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ORPAILLEUR</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/orpailleur</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-160" type="direct"></relation>
<relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-2496" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-160" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-160" status="OLD"><orgName>Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">LORIA</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"><idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
<idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300291" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UHP</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>24-30 rue Lionnois, BP 60120, 54 003 NANCY cedex, France</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300292" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>91 avenue de la Libération, BP 454, 54001 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300293" status="OLD"><orgName>Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">INPL</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-2496" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2496" status="OLD"><orgName>INRIA Lorraine</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre-de-recherche-inria/nancy-grand-est</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Troncy, Raphael" sort="Troncy, Raphael" uniqKey="Troncy R" first="Raphael" last="Troncy">Raphael Troncy</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">HAL</idno>
<idno type="RBID">Hal:inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="halId">inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="halUri">https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="url">https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00107628</idno>
<date when="2002-04">2002-04</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Corpus">004D25</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Curation">004D25</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents</title>
<author><name sortKey="Al Hulou, Rim" sort="Al Hulou, Rim" uniqKey="Al Hulou R" first="Rim" last="Al Hulou">Rim Al Hulou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2358" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200818291B</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge representation, reasonning</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ORPAILLEUR</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/orpailleur</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-160" type="direct"></relation>
<relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-2496" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-160" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-160" status="OLD"><orgName>Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">LORIA</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"><idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
<idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300291" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UHP</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>24-30 rue Lionnois, BP 60120, 54 003 NANCY cedex, France</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300292" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>91 avenue de la Libération, BP 454, 54001 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300293" status="OLD"><orgName>Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">INPL</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-2496" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2496" status="OLD"><orgName>INRIA Lorraine</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre-de-recherche-inria/nancy-grand-est</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Corby, Olivier" sort="Corby, Olivier" uniqKey="Corby O" first="Olivier" last="Corby">Olivier Corby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dieng Kuntz, Rose" sort="Dieng Kuntz, Rose" uniqKey="Dieng Kuntz R" first="Rose" last="Dieng-Kuntz">Rose Dieng-Kuntz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Euzenat, Jerome" sort="Euzenat, Jerome" uniqKey="Euzenat J" first="Jérôme" last="Euzenat">Jérôme Euzenat</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2376" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200318278J</idno>
<orgName>Computer mediated exchange of structured knowledge</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">EXMO</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/exmo</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-2497" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-2497" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2497" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">199218244V</idno>
<orgName>Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Inovallée655 avenue de l'Europe38330 Montbonnot</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/grenoble</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Carolina" sort="Ramirez, Carolina" uniqKey="Ramirez C" first="Carolina" last="Ramirez">Carolina Ramirez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2447" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">199221383G</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge acquisition for aided design through agent interaction</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ACACIA</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-34586" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID"><idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
<orgName>Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée </orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CRISAM</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Napoli, Amedeo" sort="Napoli, Amedeo" uniqKey="Napoli A" first="Amedeo" last="Napoli">Amedeo Napoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-2358" status="OLD"><idno type="RNSR">200818291B</idno>
<orgName>Knowledge representation, reasonning</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">ORPAILLEUR</orgName>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/equipes/orpailleur</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-160" type="direct"></relation>
<relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-2496" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
<tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-160" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-160" status="OLD"><orgName>Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">LORIA</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300291" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300292" type="direct"></relation>
<relation active="#struct-300293" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"><idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
<idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID"><orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300291" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300291" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UHP</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>24-30 rue Lionnois, BP 60120, 54 003 NANCY cedex, France</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300292" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300292" status="OLD"><orgName>Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>91 avenue de la Libération, BP 454, 54001 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-300293" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300293" status="OLD"><orgName>Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">INPL</orgName>
<date type="end">2011-12-31</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
<tutelle active="#struct-2496" type="direct"><org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2496" status="OLD"><orgName>INRIA Lorraine</orgName>
<desc><address><addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre-de-recherche-inria/nancy-grand-est</ref>
</desc>
<listRelation><relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"></relation>
</listRelation>
</org>
</tutelle>
</tutelles>
</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Nancy 2</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="institution" wicri:auto="newGroup">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Troncy, Raphael" sort="Troncy, Raphael" uniqKey="Troncy R" first="Raphael" last="Troncy">Raphael Troncy</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="en"><term>annotation</term>
<term>conceptual graphs</term>
<term>content-based document manipulation</term>
<term>description logics</term>
<term>knowledge representation</term>
<term>object-based representation systems</term>
<term>querying</term>
<term>semantic web</term>
<term>xml</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Documents accessible from the web or from any document base constitute a significant source of knowledge as soon as the document contents can be represented in an appropriate form. This paper presents the ESCRIRE project, whose objective is to compare three knowledge representation (KR) formalisms, namely conceptual graphs, description logics and objects, for representing and manipulating document contents. The comparison relies on the definition of a pivot language based on XML, allowing the design of a domain ontology, document annotations and queries. Each element has a corresponding translation in each KR formalism, that is used for inferencing and answering queries. In this paper, the principles on which relies the ESCRIRE project and the first results from this original experiment are described. An analysis of problems encountered, advantages and drawbacks of each formalism are studied with the emphasis put on the ontology-based annotations of document contents and on the query answering capabilities.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<hal api="V3"><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents</title>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Rim</forename>
<surname>Al Hulou</surname>
</persName>
<email>alhulou@loria.fr</email>
<idno type="halauthor">130586</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-300292"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2358"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Olivier</forename>
<surname>Corby</surname>
</persName>
<email>olivier.corby@sophia.inria.fr</email>
<idno type="halauthor">130587</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Rose</forename>
<surname>Dieng-Kuntz</surname>
</persName>
<email></email>
<idno type="halauthor">130588</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Jérôme</forename>
<surname>Euzenat</surname>
</persName>
<email>Jerome.Euzenat@inria.fr</email>
<idno type="idhal">jerome-euzenat</idno>
<idno type="halauthor">130589</idno>
<idno type="arXiv">http://arxiv.org/a/au:euzenat</idno>
<idno type="VIAF">http://viaf.org/viaf/17546352</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364627"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2376"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Carolina</forename>
<surname>Ramirez</surname>
</persName>
<email></email>
<idno type="halauthor">138789</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Amedeo</forename>
<surname>Napoli</surname>
</persName>
<email>napoli@loria.fr</email>
<idno type="halauthor">129930</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-441569"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2358"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Raphael</forename>
<surname>Troncy</surname>
</persName>
<email></email>
<idno type="halauthor">138790</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-365325"></orgName>
</author>
<editor role="depositor"><persName><forename>Publications</forename>
<surname>Loria</surname>
</persName>
<email>publications@loria.fr</email>
</editor>
</titleStmt>
<editionStmt><edition n="v1" type="current"><date type="whenSubmitted">2006-10-19 09:03:25</date>
<date type="whenModified">2016-05-18 08:53:56</date>
<date type="whenReleased">2006-10-20 15:32:31</date>
<date type="whenProduced">2002-04</date>
<date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2015-02-10</date>
<ref type="file" target="https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00107628/document"><date notBefore="2015-02-10"></date>
</ref>
<ref type="file" n="1" target="https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00107628/file/A02-R-515.pdf"><date notBefore="2015-02-10"></date>
</ref>
</edition>
<respStmt><resp>contributor</resp>
<name key="108626"><persName><forename>Publications</forename>
<surname>Loria</surname>
</persName>
<email>publications@loria.fr</email>
</name>
</respStmt>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt><distributor>CCSD</distributor>
<idno type="halId">inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="halUri">https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="halBibtex">alhulou:inria-00107628</idno>
<idno type="halRefHtml">Matteo Cristani. Workshop on Semantic Web - SemWeb@KR2002, Apr 2002, Toulouse, France, 8 p, 2002</idno>
<idno type="halRef">Matteo Cristani. Workshop on Semantic Web - SemWeb@KR2002, Apr 2002, Toulouse, France, 8 p, 2002</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<seriesStmt><idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-SOPHIA">INRIA Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-RHA">INRIA Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INPL">Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="LORIA2">Publications du LORIA</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-NANCY-GRAND-EST">INRIA Nancy - Grand Est</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="LORIA-TALC" p="LORIA">Traitement automatique des langues et des connaissances</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="LORIA">LORIA - Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="ACACIA" p="WIMMICS">Acacia (1992-01-01 => 2006-12-31)</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIASO">INRIA-SOPHIA</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-LORRAINE">INRIA Nancy - Grand Est</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="LABO-LORIA-SET" p="LORIA">LABO-LORIA-SET</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="INRIA_TEST">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
<idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LORRAINE">Université de Lorraine</idno>
</seriesStmt>
<notesStmt><note type="commentary">Publication CD-ROM. Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.</note>
<note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
<note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
<note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
<note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
<note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
</notesStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents</title>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Rim</forename>
<surname>Al Hulou</surname>
</persName>
<email>alhulou@loria.fr</email>
<idno type="halAuthorId">130586</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-300292"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2358"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Olivier</forename>
<surname>Corby</surname>
</persName>
<email>olivier.corby@sophia.inria.fr</email>
<idno type="halAuthorId">130587</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Rose</forename>
<surname>Dieng-Kuntz</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halAuthorId">130588</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Jérôme</forename>
<surname>Euzenat</surname>
</persName>
<email>Jerome.Euzenat@inria.fr</email>
<idno type="idHal">jerome-euzenat</idno>
<idno type="halAuthorId">130589</idno>
<idno type="arXiv">http://arxiv.org/a/au:euzenat</idno>
<idno type="VIAF">http://viaf.org/viaf/17546352</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364627"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2376"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Carolina</forename>
<surname>Ramirez</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halAuthorId">138789</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-364731"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2447"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Amedeo</forename>
<surname>Napoli</surname>
</persName>
<email>napoli@loria.fr</email>
<idno type="halAuthorId">129930</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-441569"></orgName>
<affiliation ref="#struct-2358"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Raphael</forename>
<surname>Troncy</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halAuthorId">138790</idno>
<orgName ref="#struct-365325"></orgName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><idno type="localRef">A02-R-515 || al_hulou02b</idno>
<meeting><title>Workshop on Semantic Web - SemWeb@KR2002</title>
<date type="start">2002-04</date>
<settlement>Toulouse, France</settlement>
</meeting>
<editor>Matteo Cristani</editor>
<imprint><biblScope unit="pp">8 p</biblScope>
<date type="datePub">2002-04</date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<profileDesc><langUsage><language ident="en">English</language>
</langUsage>
<textClass><keywords scheme="author"><term xml:lang="en">content-based document manipulation</term>
<term xml:lang="en">annotation</term>
<term xml:lang="en">querying</term>
<term xml:lang="en">knowledge representation</term>
<term xml:lang="en">semantic web</term>
<term xml:lang="en">conceptual graphs</term>
<term xml:lang="en">description logics</term>
<term xml:lang="en">object-based representation systems</term>
<term xml:lang="en">xml</term>
</keywords>
<classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-oh">Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH]</classCode>
<classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
</textClass>
<abstract xml:lang="en">Documents accessible from the web or from any document base constitute a significant source of knowledge as soon as the document contents can be represented in an appropriate form. This paper presents the ESCRIRE project, whose objective is to compare three knowledge representation (KR) formalisms, namely conceptual graphs, description logics and objects, for representing and manipulating document contents. The comparison relies on the definition of a pivot language based on XML, allowing the design of a domain ontology, document annotations and queries. Each element has a corresponding translation in each KR formalism, that is used for inferencing and answering queries. In this paper, the principles on which relies the ESCRIRE project and the first results from this original experiment are described. An analysis of problems encountered, advantages and drawbacks of each formalism are studied with the emphasis put on the ontology-based annotations of document contents and on the query answering capabilities.</abstract>
</profileDesc>
</hal>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Lorraine/explor/InforLorV4/Data/Hal/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 004D25 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Hal/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 004D25 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Lorraine |area= InforLorV4 |flux= Hal |étape= Curation |type= RBID |clé= Hal:inria-00107628 |texte= Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents }}
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. | ![]() |