Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century
Identifieur interne : 000123 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000122; suivant : 000124Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century
Auteurs : L. BorgmanSource :
- Lecture Notes in Computer Science [ 0302-9743 ] ; 2002.
Abstract
Abstract: After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
<author><name sortKey="Borgman, L" sort="Borgman, L" uniqKey="Borgman L" first="L." last="Borgman">L. Borgman</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dept of Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, 235 GSE&IS Bldg, Box 951520, 90095-1520, Los Angeles, CA</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: cborgman@ucla.edu</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651</idno>
<date when="2002" year="2002">2002</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/fulltext/pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000123</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
<author><name sortKey="Borgman, L" sort="Borgman, L" uniqKey="Borgman L" first="L." last="Borgman">L. Borgman</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dept of Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, 235 GSE&IS Bldg, Box 951520, 90095-1520, Los Angeles, CA</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: cborgman@ucla.edu</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series><title level="s">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<imprint><date>2002</date>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
</series>
<idno type="istex">808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">1</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">Chap1</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex><corpusName>springer</corpusName>
<author><json:item><name>Christine L. Borgman</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Dept of Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, 235 GSE&IS Bldg, Box 951520, 90095-1520, Los Angeles, CA</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: cborgman@ucla.edu</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<language><json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<originalGenre><json:string>OriginalPaper</json:string>
</originalGenre>
<abstract>Abstract: After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.</abstract>
<qualityIndicators><score>7.556</score>
<pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageSize>648 x 864 pts</pdfPageSize>
<refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative>
<keywordCount>0</keywordCount>
<abstractCharCount>1556</abstractCharCount>
<pdfWordCount>5854</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>37272</pdfCharCount>
<pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount>
<abstractWordCount>213</abstractWordCount>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
<chapterId><json:string>1</json:string>
<json:string>Chap1</json:string>
</chapterId>
<genre><json:string>conference</json:string>
</genre>
<serie><editor><json:item><name>G. Goos</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>J. Hartmanis</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>J. van Leeuwen</name>
</json:item>
</editor>
<issn><json:string>0302-9743</json:string>
</issn>
<language><json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<title>Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<copyrightDate>2002</copyrightDate>
</serie>
<host><editor><json:item><name>Ee- Peng Lim</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: aseplim@ntu.edu.sg</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Schubert Foo</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: assfoo@ntu.edu.sg</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Chris Khoo</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: assgkhoo@ntu.edu.sg</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Hsinchun Chen</name>
<affiliations><json:string>University of Arizona, USA</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: hchen@eller.arizona.edu</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Edward Fox</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Virginia Tech, USA</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: fox@vt.edu</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Shalini Urs</name>
<affiliations><json:string>University of Mysore, Mysore</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: shalini@vidyanidhi.org.in</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Thanos Costantino</name>
<affiliations><json:string>IEI-CNR, Italy</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: thanos@iei.pi.cnr.it</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</editor>
<subject><json:item><value>Computer Science</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Computer Science</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Computer Science, general</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Database Management</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Information Storage and Retrieval</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet)</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Multimedia Information Systems</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
<isbn><json:string>978-3-540-00261-1</json:string>
</isbn>
<language><json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<title>Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</title>
<bookId><json:string>3-540-36227-4</json:string>
</bookId>
<volume>2555</volume>
<pages><last>13</last>
<first>1</first>
</pages>
<issn><json:string>0302-9743</json:string>
</issn>
<genre><json:string>book-series</json:string>
</genre>
<eisbn><json:string>978-3-540-36227-2</json:string>
</eisbn>
<copyrightDate>2002</copyrightDate>
<doi><json:string>10.1007/3-540-36227-4</json:string>
</doi>
</host>
<publicationDate>2002</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>2002</copyrightDate>
<doi><json:string>10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</json:string>
</doi>
<id>808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651</id>
<score>0.3212851</score>
<fulltext><json:item><original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<extension>pdf</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/fulltext/pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item><original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<extension>zip</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/fulltext/zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
<respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp>
<name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name>
</respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<pubPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</pubPlace>
<availability><p>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002</p>
</availability>
<date>2002</date>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
<author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Christine</forename>
<surname>Borgman</surname>
</persName>
<email>cborgman@ucla.edu</email>
<note type="biography">Professor & Presidential Chair in Information Studies</note>
<affiliation>Professor & Presidential Chair in Information Studies</affiliation>
<affiliation>Dept of Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, 235 GSE&IS Bldg, Box 951520, 90095-1520, Los Angeles, CA</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</title>
<title level="m" type="sub">5th International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries, ICADL 2002 Singapore, December 11–14, 2002 Proceedings</title>
<idno type="pISBN">978-3-540-00261-1</idno>
<idno type="eISBN">978-3-540-36227-2</idno>
<idno type="pISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-36227-4</idno>
<idno type="book-ID">3-540-36227-4</idno>
<idno type="book-title-ID">72533</idno>
<idno type="book-sequence-number">2555</idno>
<idno type="book-volume-number">2555</idno>
<idno type="book-chapter-count">75</idno>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Ee-</forename>
<forename type="first">Peng</forename>
<surname>Lim</surname>
</persName>
<email>aseplim@ntu.edu.sg</email>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Schubert</forename>
<surname>Foo</surname>
</persName>
<email>assfoo@ntu.edu.sg</email>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Chris</forename>
<surname>Khoo</surname>
</persName>
<email>assgkhoo@ntu.edu.sg</email>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Hsinchun</forename>
<surname>Chen</surname>
</persName>
<email>hchen@eller.arizona.edu</email>
<affiliation>University of Arizona, USA</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Edward</forename>
<surname>Fox</surname>
</persName>
<email>fox@vt.edu</email>
<affiliation>Virginia Tech, USA</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Shalini</forename>
<surname>Urs</surname>
</persName>
<email>shalini@vidyanidhi.org.in</email>
<affiliation>University of Mysore, Mysore</affiliation>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Thanos</forename>
<surname>Costantino</surname>
</persName>
<email>thanos@iei.pi.cnr.it</email>
<affiliation>IEI-CNR, Italy</affiliation>
</editor>
<imprint><publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<pubPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2002-12-16"></date>
<biblScope unit="volume">2555</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="1">1</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="13">13</biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<series><title level="s">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename>
<surname>Goos</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename>
<surname>Hartmanis</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename>
<surname>van Leeuwen</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<biblScope><date>2002</date>
</biblScope>
<idno type="pISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="series-Id">558</idno>
</series>
<idno type="istex">808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">1</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">Chap1</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><creation><date>2002</date>
</creation>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
<abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.</p>
</abstract>
<textClass><keywords scheme="Book-Subject-Collection"><list><label>SUCO11645</label>
<item><term>Computer Science</term>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<textClass><keywords scheme="Book-Subject-Group"><list><label>I</label>
<label>I00001</label>
<label>I18024</label>
<label>I18032</label>
<label>I18040</label>
<label>I18059</label>
<label>I18067</label>
<item><term>Computer Science</term>
</item>
<item><term>Computer Science, general</term>
</item>
<item><term>Database Management</term>
</item>
<item><term>Information Storage and Retrieval</term>
</item>
<item><term>Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet)</term>
</item>
<item><term>Multimedia Information Systems</term>
</item>
<item><term>User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction</term>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc><change when="2002-12-16">Published</change>
<change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-09-22">References added</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item><original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<extension>txt</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/fulltext/txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Springer, Publisher found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:docType PUBLIC="-//Springer-Verlag//DTD A++ V2.4//EN" URI="http://devel.springer.de/A++/V2.4/DTD/A++V2.4.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType>
<istex:document><Publisher><PublisherInfo><PublisherName>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</PublisherName>
<PublisherLocation>Berlin, Heidelberg</PublisherLocation>
</PublisherInfo>
<Series><SeriesInfo SeriesType="Series" TocLevels="0"><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
<SeriesPrintISSN>0302-9743</SeriesPrintISSN>
<SeriesTitle Language="En">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</SeriesTitle>
</SeriesInfo>
<SeriesHeader><EditorGroup><Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>G.</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Goos</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>J.</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Hartmanis</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>J.</GivenName>
<Particle>van</Particle>
<FamilyName>Leeuwen</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
</EditorGroup>
</SeriesHeader>
<Book Language="En"><BookInfo BookProductType="Proceedings" Language="En" MediaType="eBook" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered" TocLevels="0"><BookID>3-540-36227-4</BookID>
<BookTitle>Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</BookTitle>
<BookSubTitle>5th International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries, ICADL 2002 Singapore, December 11–14, 2002 Proceedings</BookSubTitle>
<BookVolumeNumber>2555</BookVolumeNumber>
<BookSequenceNumber>2555</BookSequenceNumber>
<BookDOI>10.1007/3-540-36227-4</BookDOI>
<BookTitleID>72533</BookTitleID>
<BookPrintISBN>978-3-540-00261-1</BookPrintISBN>
<BookElectronicISBN>978-3-540-36227-2</BookElectronicISBN>
<BookChapterCount>75</BookChapterCount>
<BookHistory><OnlineDate><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</OnlineDate>
</BookHistory>
<BookCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg</CopyrightHolderName>
<CopyrightYear>2002</CopyrightYear>
</BookCopyright>
<BookSubjectGroup><BookSubject Code="I" Type="Primary">Computer Science</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I00001" Priority="1" Type="Secondary">Computer Science, general</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I18024" Priority="2" Type="Secondary">Database Management</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I18032" Priority="3" Type="Secondary">Information Storage and Retrieval</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I18040" Priority="4" Type="Secondary">Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet)</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I18059" Priority="5" Type="Secondary">Multimedia Information Systems</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I18067" Priority="6" Type="Secondary">User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction</BookSubject>
<SubjectCollection Code="SUCO11645">Computer Science</SubjectCollection>
</BookSubjectGroup>
<BookContext><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
</BookContext>
</BookInfo>
<BookHeader><EditorGroup><Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Ee-</GivenName>
<GivenName>Peng</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Lim</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>aseplim@ntu.edu.sg</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Schubert</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Foo</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>assfoo@ntu.edu.sg</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Chris</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Khoo</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>assgkhoo@ntu.edu.sg</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff2"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Hsinchun</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Chen</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>hchen@eller.arizona.edu</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff3"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Edward</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Fox</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>fox@vt.edu</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff4"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Shalini</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Urs</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>shalini@vidyanidhi.org.in</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Editor AffiliationIDS="Aff5"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Thanos</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Costantino</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
<Contact><Email>thanos@iei.pi.cnr.it</Email>
</Contact>
</Editor>
<Affiliation ID="Aff1"><OrgName>Nanyang Technological University</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Country>Singapore</Country>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation ID="Aff2"><OrgName>University of Arizona</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Country>USA</Country>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation ID="Aff3"><OrgName>Virginia Tech</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Country>USA</Country>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation ID="Aff4"><OrgName>University of Mysore</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><City>Mysore</City>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation ID="Aff5"><OrgName>IEI-CNR</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Country>Italy</Country>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
</EditorGroup>
</BookHeader>
<Part ID="Part1"><PartInfo TocLevels="0"><PartID>1</PartID>
<PartSequenceNumber>1</PartSequenceNumber>
<PartTitle>Keynote and Invited Papers</PartTitle>
<PartChapterCount>7</PartChapterCount>
<PartContext><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
<BookID>3-540-36227-4</BookID>
<BookTitle>Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</BookTitle>
</PartContext>
</PartInfo>
<Chapter ID="Chap1" Language="En"><ChapterInfo ChapterType="OriginalPaper" ContainsESM="No" Language="En" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered" TocLevels="0"><ChapterID>1</ChapterID>
<ChapterDOI>10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</ChapterDOI>
<ChapterSequenceNumber>1</ChapterSequenceNumber>
<ChapterTitle Language="En">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21<Superscript>st</Superscript>
Century</ChapterTitle>
<ChapterFirstPage>1</ChapterFirstPage>
<ChapterLastPage>13</ChapterLastPage>
<ChapterCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg</CopyrightHolderName>
<CopyrightYear>2002</CopyrightYear>
</ChapterCopyright>
<ChapterHistory><RegistrationDate><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</RegistrationDate>
<OnlineDate><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</OnlineDate>
</ChapterHistory>
<ChapterGrants Type="Regular"><MetadataGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></MetadataGrant>
<AbstractGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></AbstractGrant>
<BodyPDFGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyPDFGrant>
<BodyHTMLGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyHTMLGrant>
<BibliographyGrant Grant="Restricted"></BibliographyGrant>
<ESMGrant Grant="Restricted"></ESMGrant>
</ChapterGrants>
<ChapterContext><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
<PartID>1</PartID>
<BookID>3-540-36227-4</BookID>
<BookTitle>Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</BookTitle>
</ChapterContext>
</ChapterInfo>
<ChapterHeader><AuthorGroup><Author AffiliationIDS="Aff6"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Christine</GivenName>
<GivenName>L.</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Borgman</FamilyName>
</AuthorName>
<Role>Professor & Presidential Chair in Information Studies</Role>
<Contact><Email>cborgman@ucla.edu</Email>
<URL>http://is.gseis.ucla.edu/cborgman/</URL>
</Contact>
</Author>
<Affiliation ID="Aff6"><OrgDivision>Dept of Information Studies</OrgDivision>
<OrgName>University of California, Los Angeles</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Street>235 GSE&IS Bldg</Street>
<Postbox>Box 951520</Postbox>
<Postcode>90095-1520</Postcode>
<City>Los Angeles</City>
<State>CA</State>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
</AuthorGroup>
<Abstract ID="Abs1" Language="En"><Heading>Abstract</Heading>
<Para>After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.</Para>
</Abstract>
</ChapterHeader>
<NoBody></NoBody>
</Chapter>
</Part>
</Book>
</Series>
</Publisher>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christine</namePart>
<namePart type="given">L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Borgman</namePart>
<affiliation>Dept of Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, 235 GSE&IS Bldg, Box 951520, 90095-1520, Los Angeles, CA</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: cborgman@ucla.edu</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
<description>Professor & Presidential Chair in Information Studies</description>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="conference" displayLabel="OriginalPaper"></genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<place><placeTerm type="text">Berlin, Heidelberg</placeTerm>
</place>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2002-12-16</dateIssued>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2002</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">Abstract: After a decade of research and development, digital libraries are becoming operational systems and services. This paper summarizes some of the challenges required for that transition. Digital libraries as systems are converging with digital libraries as institutions, particularly as we consider the service aspects. They are enabling technologies for applications such as classroom instruction, information retrieval, and electronic commerce. Because usability depends heavily upon context, research on uses and users of digital libraries needs to be conducted in a wide array of environments. Interoperability and scaling continue to be major issues, but the problems are better understood. While technical work on interoperability and scaling continues, institutional collaboration is an emerging focus. Concerns for an information infrastructure to support digital libraries is moving toward the concept of “cyberinfrastructure,” now that distributed networks are widely deployed and access is becoming ubiquitous. Appropriate evaluation methods and metrics are requirements for sustainable digital libraries that have received little attention until recently. We need to know what works and in what contexts. Evaluation has many aspects and can address a variety of goals, such as usability, maintainability, interoperability, scalability, and economic viability. Lastly, two areas that have received considerable discussion elsewhere are noted -- digital preservation and the role of information institutions such as libraries and archives.</abstract>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge, and Technology</title>
<subTitle>5th International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries, ICADL 2002 Singapore, December 11–14, 2002 Proceedings</subTitle>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ee-</namePart>
<namePart type="given">Peng</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Lim</namePart>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: aseplim@ntu.edu.sg</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Schubert</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Foo</namePart>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: assfoo@ntu.edu.sg</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chris</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Khoo</namePart>
<affiliation>Nanyang Technological University, Singapore</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: assgkhoo@ntu.edu.sg</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hsinchun</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Chen</namePart>
<affiliation>University of Arizona, USA</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: hchen@eller.arizona.edu</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Edward</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fox</namePart>
<affiliation>Virginia Tech, USA</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: fox@vt.edu</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Shalini</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Urs</namePart>
<affiliation>University of Mysore, Mysore</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: shalini@vidyanidhi.org.in</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thanos</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Costantino</namePart>
<affiliation>IEI-CNR, Italy</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: thanos@iei.pi.cnr.it</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre type="book-series" displayLabel="Proceedings"></genre>
<originInfo><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2002</copyrightDate>
<issuance>monographic</issuance>
</originInfo>
<subject><genre>Book-Subject-Collection</genre>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SUCO11645">Computer Science</topic>
</subject>
<subject><genre>Book-Subject-Group</genre>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I">Computer Science</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I00001">Computer Science, general</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I18024">Database Management</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I18032">Information Storage and Retrieval</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I18040">Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet)</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I18059">Multimedia Information Systems</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I18067">User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction</topic>
</subject>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-36227-4</identifier>
<identifier type="ISBN">978-3-540-00261-1</identifier>
<identifier type="eISBN">978-3-540-36227-2</identifier>
<identifier type="ISSN">0302-9743</identifier>
<identifier type="BookTitleID">72533</identifier>
<identifier type="BookID">3-540-36227-4</identifier>
<identifier type="BookChapterCount">75</identifier>
<identifier type="BookVolumeNumber">2555</identifier>
<identifier type="BookSequenceNumber">2555</identifier>
<identifier type="PartChapterCount">7</identifier>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="part"><title>Keynote and Invited Papers</title>
</detail>
<detail type="volume"><number>2555</number>
<caption>vol.</caption>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1</start>
<end>13</end>
</extent>
</part>
<recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="series"><titleInfo><title>Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Goos</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hartmanis</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">van Leeuwen</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<originInfo><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2002</copyrightDate>
<issuance>serial</issuance>
</originInfo>
<identifier type="ISSN">0302-9743</identifier>
<identifier type="SeriesID">558</identifier>
<recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-36227-4_1</identifier>
<identifier type="ChapterID">1</identifier>
<identifier type="ChapterID">Chap1</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002</accessCondition>
<recordInfo><recordContentSource>SPRINGER</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
</metadata>
<enrichments><json:item><type>multicat</type>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/enrichments/multicat</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:refBibTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/enrichments/refBib"><teiHeader></teiHeader>
<text><front></front>
<body></body>
<back><listBibl><biblStruct xml:id="b0"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">National Science Foundation, Digital Libraries Initiative, Phase II</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">U</forename>
<forename type="middle">S</forename>
<surname>Funded By The</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">IIS-9817432</title>
<imprint><publisher>Terence R. Smith, University of California</publisher>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<note>Santa. Barbara, Principal Inves- tigator</note>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b1"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Results of a study of the role of teaching assistants in geography</title>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2003"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b2"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21 st Century 7</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Richard</forename>
<surname>Mayer</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Rachel</forename>
<surname>Nilsson</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Tricia</forename>
<surname>Mautone At</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Ucsb</forename>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint></imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b3"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">A spectrum of interoperability. D-Lib Magazine</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">W</forename>
<forename type="middle">Y</forename>
<surname>Arms</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2002"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b4"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Revolutionizing science and engineering through Cyberinfrastructure: Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">D</forename>
<forename type="middle">E</forename>
<surname>Atkins</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2002-04-19"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b5"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">The next stage; Moving from isolated digital collections to interoperable digital libraries. First Monday: Peer-reviewed journal on the Internet</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">H</forename>
<surname>Besser</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint></imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b6"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">What are digital libraries? Competing visions</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Borgman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Special Issue: Progress Toward Digital Libraries</title>
<editor>G. Marchionini & E. Fox</editor>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1999"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="227" to="243"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b7"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">From Gutenberg to the Global Information Infrastructure: Access to Information in the Networked World</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Borgman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2000"></date>
<publisher>The MIT Press</publisher>
<pubPlace>Cambridge, MA</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b8"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">The invisible library: paradox of the global information infrastructure . Library Trends, Special Issue on Research Questions for the Field</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Borgman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint></imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b9"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Social Aspects Of Digital Libraries. Final Report to the National Science Foundation; Computer, Information Science, and Engineering Directorate; Division of Information, Robotics, and Intelligent Systems; Information Technology and Organizations Program</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Borgman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<forename type="middle">J</forename>
<surname>Bates</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<forename type="middle">V</forename>
<surname>Cloonan</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">E</forename>
<forename type="middle">N</forename>
<surname>Efthimiadis</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<surname>Gilliland-Swetland</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Y</forename>
<surname>Kafai</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">G</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Leazer</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<surname>Maddox</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1996"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b10"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Perspectives on data collection in evaluations Collecting Evaluation Data</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">L</forename>
<surname>Burstein</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">H</forename>
<forename type="middle">E</forename>
<surname>Freeman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<editor>L. Burstein, H. E. Freeman, & P.H. Rossi</editor>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1985"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="15" to="34"></biblScope>
<pubPlace>Beverly Hills</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b11"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Information landscapes for a learning society. Networking and the future of libraries</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">S</forename>
<surname>Criddle</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">L</forename>
<surname>Dempsey</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">R</forename>
<surname>Heseltine</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1999"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b12"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Harvard's Library Digital Initiative: Building a First Generation Digital Library Infrastructure. D-Lib Magazine</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">D</forename>
<surname>Flecker</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2000"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b13"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">I</forename>
<surname>Foster</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<surname>Kesselman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1999"></date>
<publisher>Morgan Kaufmann</publisher>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b14"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Digital libraries seek interoperability</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">J</forename>
<surname>George</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Council on Library and Information Resources</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Washington , DC</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2002"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="3" to="5"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b15"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Enduring Paradigms, New Opportunities: The Value of the Archival Perspective in the Digital Environment</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<forename type="middle">J</forename>
<surname>Gilliland-Swetland</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Council on Library and Information Resources</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Washington, D.C</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2000"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b16"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Iscapes: Digital Library Environments to Promote Scientific Thinking by Undergraduates in Geography</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<forename type="middle">J</forename>
<surname>Gilliland-Swetland</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">G</forename>
<forename type="middle">H</forename>
<surname>Leazer</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Proceedings of the First ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries</title>
<editor>Fox, E.A.</editor>
<editor>& Borgman, C.L.</editor>
<meeting>the First ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries<address><addrLine>Roanoke, VA. New York</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><publisher>ACM</publisher>
<date type="published" when="2001-06-24"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="120" to="121"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<note>Challenges. in Building Digital Libraries for the 21 st Century 13</note>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b17"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Next Generation Digital Libraries? Keynote address</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">D</forename>
<surname>Greenstein</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Proceedings of the Second ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries</title>
<editor>Marchionini, G.</editor>
<editor>& Hersh, W.</editor>
<meeting>the Second ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries<address><addrLine>Portland, OR. New York</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><publisher>ACM</publisher>
<date type="published" when="2002-07-14"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b18"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Digital preservation: A time bomb for digital libraries</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<surname>Hedstrom</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="j">Computers and the Humanities</title>
<imprint><biblScope unit="volume">31</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="189" to="202"></biblScope>
<date type="published" when="1998"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b19"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">J</forename>
<surname>Kirk</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Miller</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1986"></date>
<biblScope unit="page">Sage</biblScope>
<pubPlace>Newbury Park</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b20"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">The Open Archives Initiative: Building a lowbarrier interoperability framework</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<surname>Lagoze</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">H</forename>
<surname>Van De Sompel</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries</title>
<editor>Fox, E.A.</editor>
<editor>& Borgman, C.L.</editor>
<meeting>the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries<address><addrLine>Roanoke, VA. New York</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><publisher>ACM Press</publisher>
<date type="published" when="2001-06-20"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="54" to="62"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b21"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Interoperability, scaling, and the digital libraries research agenda</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<surname>Lynch</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">H</forename>
<surname>Garcia-Molina</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1995"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b22"><analytic><title></title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">C</forename>
<surname>Lynch</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">H</forename>
<surname>Garcia-Molina</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">The 1995 Interoperability, Scaling, and the Digital Libraries Research Agenda Report Principal Investigators Meeting</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Portland, OR</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2002-07-17"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b23"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Communicating Research</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<forename type="middle">J</forename>
<surname>Meadows</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1998"></date>
<publisher>Academic Press</publisher>
<pubPlace>San Diego</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b24"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Usability Engineering</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">J</forename>
<surname>Nielsen</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1993"></date>
<publisher>Academic Press</publisher>
<pubPlace>Boston</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b25"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Information and work</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">W</forename>
<forename type="middle">J</forename>
<surname>Paisley</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Progress in the Communication Sciences</title>
<editor>B. Dervin & M. J. Voigt</editor>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Norwood, NJ</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><publisher>Ablex</publisher>
<date type="published" when="1980"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="114" to="165"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b26"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Communication technology: The New Media in Society</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">E</forename>
<forename type="middle">M</forename>
<surname>Rogers</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1986"></date>
<publisher>Free Press</publisher>
<pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b27"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human- Computer Interaction</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">B</forename>
<surname>Shneiderman</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1998"></date>
<publisher>Addison-Wesley</publisher>
<pubPlace>Reading, MA</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<note>3rd. ed</note>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b28"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Steps toward an ecology of infrastructure: Design and access for large information spaces Information Systems Research, Special issue on Organizational Transformation</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">S</forename>
<forename type="middle">L</forename>
<surname>Star</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">K</forename>
<surname>Ruhleder</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<editor>J. Yates & J. Van Maanen</editor>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1996"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="111" to="134"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b29"><analytic><title></title>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">The State of Digital Preservation: An International Perspective Conference Proceedings . Documentation Abstracts Council on Library and Information Resources. Pub. No. 107</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Washington, D.C ; Washington, DC</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="2002-04-24"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b30"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">A survey of applications of CSCW for digital libraries</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<forename type="middle">B</forename>
<surname>Twidale</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">D</forename>
<forename type="middle">M</forename>
<surname>Nichols</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1998"></date>
<pubPlace>U.K. Http</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b31"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Information Search and Retrieval</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">M</forename>
<forename type="middle">B</forename>
<surname>Twidale</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">D</forename>
<forename type="middle">M</forename>
<surname>Nichols</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Annual Review of Information Science and Technology</title>
<editor>Williams, M.E.</editor>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1998"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="259" to="319"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</back>
</text>
</istex:refBibTEI>
<json:item><type>refBibs</type>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651/enrichments/refBibs</uri>
</json:item>
</enrichments>
</istex>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/CyberinfraV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000123 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000123 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Ticri/CIDE |area= CyberinfraV1 |flux= Istex |étape= Corpus |type= RBID |clé= ISTEX:808E77B120C71B909DFC6607E0D830D7DD0ED651 |texte= Challenges in Building Digital Libraries for the 21st Century }}
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.25. | ![]() |