Receipt of reward leads to altered estimation of effort
Identifieur interne : 000132 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000131; suivant : 000133Receipt of reward leads to altered estimation of effort
Auteurs : Arezoo Pooresmaeili [Allemagne] ; Aurel Wannig [Allemagne] ; Raymond J. Dolan [Allemagne, Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Retrospective reevaluation of effort is a pervasive aspect of everyday life, such as when we assess our professional satisfaction after knowing the ensuing outcomes. Previous studies have focused on the interaction of effort and reward when a choice is to be made, whereas retrospective interactions have been largely ignored. Here we show that humans revise their estimation of effort after receiving a reward. When rewarded more than average, subjects tend to overestimate their effort, with a converse effect observed for low rewards. The size of this bias depends strongly on the contingency between reward magnitude and task difficulty and is dynamically adjusted when changes occur in these contingencies. These results reveal a sophisticated mechanism to cope with reward–effort inconsistencies.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1507527112
PubMed: 26460026
PubMed Central: 4629341
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Dolan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Berlin School of Mind and Brain,<institution>Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin</institution>, 10099 Berlin,<country>Germany</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Wellcome Trust Center for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology,<institution>University College London</institution>, London WC1N 3BG,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research</institution>, London WC1B 5EH,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>Retrospective reevaluation of effort is a pervasive aspect of everyday life, such as when we assess our professional satisfaction after knowing the ensuing outcomes. Previous studies have focused on the interaction of effort and reward when a choice is to be made, whereas retrospective interactions have been largely ignored. Here we show that humans revise their estimation of effort after receiving a reward. When rewarded more than average, subjects tend to overestimate their effort, with a converse effect observed for low rewards. The size of this bias depends strongly on the contingency between reward magnitude and task difficulty and is dynamically adjusted when changes occur in these contingencies. These results reveal a sophisticated mechanism to cope with reward–effort inconsistencies.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26460026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4629341</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201507527</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1507527112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Psychological and Cognitive Sciences</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Receipt of reward leads to altered estimation of effort</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Effects of reward on estimated effort</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pooresmaeili</surname><given-names>Arezoo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wannig</surname><given-names>Aurel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dolan</surname><given-names>Raymond J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Berlin School of Mind and Brain,<institution>Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin</institution>, 10099 Berlin,<country>Germany</country>;</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Freie Schule Charlottenburg, 14052 Berlin,<country>Germany</country>;</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup>Wellcome Trust Center for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology,<institution>University College London</institution>, London WC1N 3BG,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup><institution>Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research</institution>, London WC1B 5EH,<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: <email>arezoo.pooresmaeili@gmail.com</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Paul W. Glimcher, New York University, New York, NY, and accepted by the Editorial Board September 8, 2015 (received for review April 21, 2015)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: A.P. and A.W. designed research; A.P. performed research; A.P. and A.W. analyzed data; and A.P., A.W., and R.J.D. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>112</volume><issue>43</issue><fpage>13407</fpage><lpage>13410</lpage><permissions><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="pnas.201507527.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="executive-summary"><title>Significance</title><p>Retrospective reevaluation of effort is a pervasive aspect of everyday life, such as when we assess our professional satisfaction after knowing the ensuing outcomes. Previous studies have focused on the interaction of effort and reward when a choice is to be made, whereas retrospective interactions have been largely ignored. Here we show that humans revise their estimation of effort after receiving a reward. When rewarded more than average, subjects tend to overestimate their effort, with a converse effect observed for low rewards. The size of this bias depends strongly on the contingency between reward magnitude and task difficulty and is dynamically adjusted when changes occur in these contingencies. These results reveal a sophisticated mechanism to cope with reward–effort inconsistencies.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Effort and reward jointly shape many human decisions. Errors in predicting the required effort needed for a task can lead to suboptimal behavior. Here, we show that effort estimations can be biased when retrospectively reestimated following receipt of a rewarding outcome. These biases depend on the contingency between reward and task difficulty and are stronger for highly contingent rewards. Strikingly, the observed pattern accords with predictions from Bayesian cue integration, indicating humans deploy an adaptive and rational strategy to deal with inconsistencies between the efforts they expend and the ensuing rewards.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>effort</kwd><kwd>reward</kwd><kwd>retrospective</kwd><kwd>Bayesian</kwd><kwd>cue integration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group id="gs1"><funding-source id="sp1">Wellcome Trust<named-content content-type="funder-id">100004440</named-content></funding-source><award-id rid="sp1">098362/Z/12/Z</award-id></award-group><award-group id="gs2"><funding-source id="sp2">Einstein Foundation Berlin</funding-source><award-id rid="sp2">Einstein Visiting Fellow</award-id></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="4"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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