Haptic Breakage after Transscleral Fixation of a Single-Piece Acrylic Intraocular Lens
Identifieur interne : 000C13 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000C12; suivant : 000C14Haptic Breakage after Transscleral Fixation of a Single-Piece Acrylic Intraocular Lens
Auteurs : Hiroki Tanaka [Japon] ; Kaoru Fujinami [Japon, Royaume-Uni] ; Ken Watanabe [Japon] ; Toru Noda [Japon] ; Kunihiko Akiyama [Japon]Source :
- Case Reports in Ophthalmology [ 1663-2699 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
To report the case of a patient with a damaged haptic of an acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) after transscleral IOL fixation.
This is a retrospective and descriptive case report.
A 40-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss in the left eye. He had undergone phacoemulsification/aspiration and IOL implantation 3 years previously and IOL repositioning with transscleral fixation 2 years before the initial visit. His visual acuity was 0.3 in the left eye due to corneal edema caused by a foreign body, i.e., the severed haptic tip of the single-piece acrylic IOL, which was surgically removed. The IOL itself was tilted and therefore explanted. The surface of the tip of the haptic suggested that the monofilament suture thread had exerted continuous force across the haptic.
The haptics of acrylic IOLs can be damaged after transscleral fixation.
Url:
DOI: 10.1159/000365350
PubMed: 25126076
PubMed Central: 4130822
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Haptic Breakage after Transscleral Fixation of a Single-Piece Acrylic Intraocular Lens</title><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Hiroki" sort="Tanaka, Hiroki" uniqKey="Tanaka H" first="Hiroki" last="Tanaka">Hiroki Tanaka</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fujinami, Kaoru" sort="Fujinami, Kaoru" uniqKey="Fujinami K" first="Kaoru" last="Fujinami">Kaoru Fujinami</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4">UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Ken" sort="Watanabe, Ken" uniqKey="Watanabe K" first="Ken" last="Watanabe">Ken Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noda, Toru" sort="Noda, Toru" uniqKey="Noda T" first="Toru" last="Noda">Toru Noda</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akiyama, Kunihiko" sort="Akiyama, Kunihiko" uniqKey="Akiyama K" first="Kunihiko" last="Akiyama">Kunihiko Akiyama</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25126076</idno><idno type="pmc">4130822</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4130822</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4130822</idno><idno type="doi">10.1159/000365350</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C77</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000C77</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000C13</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Haptic Breakage after Transscleral Fixation of a Single-Piece Acrylic Intraocular Lens</title><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Hiroki" sort="Tanaka, Hiroki" uniqKey="Tanaka H" first="Hiroki" last="Tanaka">Hiroki Tanaka</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fujinami, Kaoru" sort="Fujinami, Kaoru" uniqKey="Fujinami K" first="Kaoru" last="Fujinami">Kaoru Fujinami</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4">UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Ken" sort="Watanabe, Ken" uniqKey="Watanabe K" first="Ken" last="Watanabe">Ken Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noda, Toru" sort="Noda, Toru" uniqKey="Noda T" first="Toru" last="Noda">Toru Noda</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akiyama, Kunihiko" sort="Akiyama, Kunihiko" uniqKey="Akiyama K" first="Kunihiko" last="Akiyama">Kunihiko Akiyama</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Case Reports in Ophthalmology</title><idno type="eISSN">1663-2699</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To report the case of a patient with a damaged haptic of an acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) after transscleral IOL fixation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This is a retrospective and descriptive case report.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A 40-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss in the left eye. He had undergone phacoemulsification/aspiration and IOL implantation 3 years previously and IOL repositioning with transscleral fixation 2 years before the initial visit. His visual acuity was 0.3 in the left eye due to corneal edema caused by a foreign body, i.e., the severed haptic tip of the single-piece acrylic IOL, which was surgically removed. The IOL itself was tilted and therefore explanted. The surface of the tip of the haptic suggested that the monofilament suture thread had exerted continuous force across the haptic.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The haptics of acrylic IOLs can be damaged after transscleral fixation.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Packer, M" uniqKey="Packer M">M Packer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, Ih" uniqKey="Fine I">IH Fine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Rs" uniqKey="Hoffman R">RS Hoffman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oshima, Y" uniqKey="Oshima Y">Y Oshima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oida, H" uniqKey="Oida H">H Oida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emi, K" uniqKey="Emi K">K Emi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaynak, S" uniqKey="Kaynak S">S Kaynak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozbek, Z" uniqKey="Ozbek 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sortKey="Ahmed, Ii" uniqKey="Ahmed I">II Ahmed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bading, G" uniqKey="Bading G">G Bading</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hillenkamp, J" uniqKey="Hillenkamp J">J Hillenkamp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sachs, Hg" uniqKey="Sachs H">HG Sachs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gabel, Vp" uniqKey="Gabel V">VP Gabel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Framme, C" uniqKey="Framme C">C Framme</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nikeghbali, A" uniqKey="Nikeghbali A">A Nikeghbali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Falavarjani, Kg" uniqKey="Falavarjani K">KG Falavarjani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, La" uniqKey="Mcgrath L">LA McGrath</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ga" uniqKey="Lee G">GA Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Case Rep Ophthalmol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Case Rep Ophthalmol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">COP</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Case Reports in Ophthalmology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1663-2699</issn><publisher><publisher-name>S. Karger AG</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH–4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.ch</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25126076</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4130822</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1159/000365350</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">cop-0005-0212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Published online: July, 2014</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Haptic Breakage after Transscleral Fixation of a Single-Piece Acrylic Intraocular Lens</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tanaka</surname><given-names>Hiroki</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fujinami</surname><given-names>Kaoru</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Watanabe</surname><given-names>Ken</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Noda</surname><given-names>Toru</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akiyama</surname><given-names>Kunihiko</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>c</sup>Laboratory of Visual Physiology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup>Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup>UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Kunihiko Akiyama, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902 (Japan), E-Mail <email>kakiyama@ntmc.hosp.go.jp</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><season>May-Aug</season><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>12</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>212</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 by S. Karger AG, Basel</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Users may download, print and share this work on the Internet for noncommercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited, and a link to the original work on http://www.karger.com and the terms of this license are included in any shared versions.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To report the case of a patient with a damaged haptic of an acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) after transscleral IOL fixation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This is a retrospective and descriptive case report.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A 40-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss in the left eye. He had undergone phacoemulsification/aspiration and IOL implantation 3 years previously and IOL repositioning with transscleral fixation 2 years before the initial visit. His visual acuity was 0.3 in the left eye due to corneal edema caused by a foreign body, i.e., the severed haptic tip of the single-piece acrylic IOL, which was surgically removed. The IOL itself was tilted and therefore explanted. The surface of the tip of the haptic suggested that the monofilament suture thread had exerted continuous force across the haptic.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The haptics of acrylic IOLs can be damaged after transscleral fixation.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Key words</title><kwd>Intraocular lens</kwd><kwd>Acrylic intraocular lens</kwd><kwd>Intraocular lens damage</kwd><kwd>Transscleral fixation</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="2"></fig-count><ref-count count="15"></ref-count><page-count count="5"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front><body><sec sec-type="intro" id="sec1_1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) have recently replaced polymethylmethacrylate IOLs for use in transscleral fixation surgery and standard cataract surgery because they can be implanted through a small incision. Favorable outcomes with sutured acrylic IOLs have been reported [<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>, <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>, <xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>].</p><p>However, various postoperative complications associated with suturing foldable IOLs have also been discussed, since they are not designed for transscleral suturing [<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>, <xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>, <xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>, <xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>, <xref rid="B10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>, <xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>]. We report a case with a damaged haptic of a single-piece acrylic IOL 2 years after transscleral fixation.</p></sec><sec id="sec1_2"><title>Case Report</title><p>A 40-year-old man was referred with sudden visual loss in his left eye (LE) in October 2010. Informed consent was obtained, and the treatment protocol has been approved by the local committee of the National Tokyo Medical Center.</p><p>In 2007, he underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation for a cataract in the LE. IOL subluxation occurred in 2008, and the patient underwent a repositioning surgery, with suturing of the IOL transsclerally without IOL exchange. The vision improved postoperatively based on the history taken from the patient. Detailed information of these two surgeries performed prior to the initial visit to our institute was unavailable; the underlying pathogenesis of the cataract and IOL subluxation was unknown.</p><p>At the initial examination in our clinic, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.3 with correction of −3.75/−2.25 × 180 in the LE. Slit-lamp examination showed prominent corneal stromal edema from 2 to 7 o'clock (fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">1a, b</xref>). The implanted IOL was seen in the posterior chamber through a hazy cornea. Gonioscopy showed a foreign body at the bottom of the anterior chamber touching the corneal epithelium (fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">1c</xref>). Based on its color and shape, the foreign body was thought to be the distant tip of a haptic of a single-piece acrylic IOL.</p><p>The foreign body was removed immediately at the initial visit. Postoperatively, the corneal condition, presumably resulting from the foreign body, recovered gradually within 2 months and the edema resolved; the endothelial cell count was 1,744 cells/mm<sup>2</sup>, and the BCVA was 1.0 with correction of −2.25/−2.00 × 180. During the postoperative comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, the IOL was seen to be slightly tilted and mobile and one of the haptics was damaged; otherwise, no abnormality was seen in the fundus or posterior chamber.</p><p>An IOL exchange was performed combined with 25-gauge pars plana 3-port vitrectomy in February 2011. Intraoperatively, the sutured side of the IOL was observed with scleral indentation; the haptic was sutured firmly at the appropriate position (10 o'clock) in the ciliary sulcus. The opposite haptic was severed at the point where it was supposed to have been sutured. There was no fragment of the lens capsule left on the ciliary body. The suture was resected with vitreous scissors, and the IOL was removed through a scleral tunnel. A new acrylic IOL designed for a suturing procedure (YA-65BB, HOYA Corp.) [<xref rid="B12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>] was implanted using the standard transscleral fixation procedure; YA-65BB has the largest diameter of 13 mm with PMMA haptics which have bulbs on the haptic tips to affix the suture. The BCVA improved to 1.2 with correction of cylinder of −2.00 × 135, 1 month later. The tip of the haptic extracted previously was part of the explanted IOL, which was identified as a single-piece acrylic lens (AcrySof SA60AT, Alcon Laboratories). The damaged site of the haptic was directly opposite the point at which the other maintained haptic was sutured but slightly proximal to the optic (fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">2a</xref>). The detailed observation of each fragment revealed that the two parts fit together perfectly with no other parts of the IOL missing. The surfaces of the severed portions were relatively smooth and flat with numerous tiny fissures (fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">2b</xref>). A thin monofilament suture thread was also seen adhering to the proximal aspect of the severed haptic (fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">2c</xref>). The distance between the site of the damage and the point of the suture on the other side was 10.5 mm.</p></sec><sec sec-type="discussion" id="sec1_3"><title>Discussion</title><p>Transscleral fixation is a desirable method to implant IOLs in eyes with inadequate capsular support. Along with the trend toward small-incision surgery, foldable IOLs have become a favorable alternative to transscleral fixation [<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>, <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>, <xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>]. Transscleral fixation has also been performed during surgery to reposition dislocated IOLs, using two major methods: externalizing the haptics through a clear corneal incision and tying a looped suture intraocularly using the cow hitch-knot technique [<xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>, <xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>, <xref rid="B10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>, <xref rid="B13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>, <xref rid="B14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>]. These procedures do not require an incision for an IOL exchange, since the dislocated IOL is suture-fixated again [<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>, <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>, <xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>, <xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>, <xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>, <xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>, <xref rid="B13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>, <xref rid="B14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>], which possibly reduces the risk of postoperative astigmatism or loss of corneal endothelium [<xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>, <xref rid="B13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>, <xref rid="B14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>].</p><p>Possible complications associated with transscleral fixation of foldable IOLs have also been discussed previously, i.e., IOL decentration, tilt, rotation or luxation, slippage of the suture thread off the haptic, and damage to the haptic [<xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>, <xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>, <xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>, <xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>, <xref rid="B10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>, <xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>]. These complications are thought to result from the characteristic design and material of foldable IOL haptics, e.g., the absence of an eyelet or bulb to affix the suture, instability of the haptic-optic junction, and softness of the jelly-like material. The haptic of the single-piece acrylic IOL implanted in the current case was very soft, which may be the reason it was damaged.</p><p>The diameter of the IOL is additionally crucial to minimize stress on the single-piece acrylic IOL that is sutured. Based on published data, the diameter of the posterior chamber at the level of the ciliary sulcus can be estimated to range from about 10 to 12 mm [<xref rid="B15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref>]. In the current case, the largest diameter of the damaged IOL was 13 mm, which seems sufficient to provide stability after suture fixation. However, the actual distance between the two suture sites was 10.5 mm. If the distance between the two sutured parts was less than the diameter of the posterior chamber, the thin monofilament suture would induce continuous force across the haptic and gradually slice the jelly-like material of the haptic of a single-piece acrylic IOL. This hypothesis is supported by the tiny fissures on the relatively smooth surfaces of the cross-sections with the adherent suture thread.</p><p>While unpredictable complications can arise from inappropriate choices of a foldable IOL, foldable IOLs are advantageous even in suture fixation. Attention should be paid to the IOL design and material even during primary cataract surgery, and the possible complications of suturing those IOLs should also be considered; the complications may occur later, as there would be no chance to exchange the IOL during repositioning surgery with transscleral fixation. In addition, surgeons performing an IOL repositioning procedure should evaluate the design and material of the previously implanted IOL, and plan to exchange the IOLs when needed. Development of foldable IOLs suitable for both primary cataract surgery and transscleral fixation should solve this problem [<xref rid="B12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>].</p></sec><sec id="sec1_4"><title>Disclosure Statement</title><p>The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.</p></sec></body><back><fn-group><fn><p>H.T. and K.F. contributed equally to this work and should be considered equivalent authors.</p></fn></fn-group><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="B1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Packer</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Fine</surname><given-names>IH</given-names></name><name><surname>Hoffman</surname><given-names>RS</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Suture fixation of a foldable acrylic intraocular lens for ectopia lentis</article-title><source>J Cataract Refract 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pub-id-type="pmid">18361986</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back><floats-group><fig id="F1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 1</label><caption><p>Anterior segment findings at the initial examination. <bold>a</bold>, <bold>b</bold> Slit-lamp examination shows a foreign body (arrow) through the prominent corneal stromal edema from 2 to 7 o'clock in the LE. Lineal depigmentation is observed at 12 o'clock in the iris. <bold>c</bold> The foreign body (arrow) observed by gonioscopy is thought to be a tip of a single-piece acrylic IOL.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="cop-0005-0212-g01"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 2</label><caption><p>Microscopic observations of the extracted IOL (AcrySof SA60AT). <bold>a</bold> The damaged site (arrow) is slightly proximal to the optic compared to the opposite sutured point, resulting in failure to be fixated at the greatest diameter of the IOL. <bold>b</bold> The surface of the severed portion is relatively flat and smooth. Numerous tiny fissures are seen, which developed due to the continuous force of the suture thread. <bold>c</bold> A monofilament suture thread (arrow) adheres to the proximal aspect of the severed haptic.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="cop-0005-0212-g02"></graphic></fig></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Japon</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Grand Londres</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li><li>Tokyo</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tanaka, Hiroki" sort="Tanaka, Hiroki" uniqKey="Tanaka H" first="Hiroki" last="Tanaka">Hiroki Tanaka</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Akiyama, Kunihiko" sort="Akiyama, Kunihiko" uniqKey="Akiyama K" first="Kunihiko" last="Akiyama">Kunihiko Akiyama</name><name sortKey="Fujinami, Kaoru" sort="Fujinami, Kaoru" uniqKey="Fujinami K" first="Kaoru" last="Fujinami">Kaoru Fujinami</name><name sortKey="Fujinami, Kaoru" sort="Fujinami, Kaoru" uniqKey="Fujinami K" first="Kaoru" last="Fujinami">Kaoru Fujinami</name><name sortKey="Noda, Toru" sort="Noda, Toru" uniqKey="Noda T" first="Toru" last="Noda">Toru Noda</name><name sortKey="Watanabe, Ken" sort="Watanabe, Ken" uniqKey="Watanabe K" first="Ken" last="Watanabe">Ken Watanabe</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Fujinami, Kaoru" sort="Fujinami, Kaoru" uniqKey="Fujinami K" first="Kaoru" last="Fujinami">Kaoru Fujinami</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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