HapticV1, PascalFrancis, Checkpoint, bibRecord, 000E91

Analysis of human postural responses to recoverable falls

Identifieur interne : 000E91 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000E90; suivant : 000E92

Analysis of human postural responses to recoverable falls

Auteurs : S. B. Bortolami [États-Unis] ; P. Dizio [États-Unis] ; E. Rabin [États-Unis] ; J. R. Lackner [États-Unis]

Source :

Experimental brain research [ 0014-4819 ] ; 2003.

RBID : Pascal:04-0159388

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Posture, Cinématique, Perturbation, Force, Centre gravité, Gravité, Oscillation, Segment corporel, Membre inférieur, Rigidité, Articulation, Homme, Contrôle moteur, Perception haptique.
Wicri :
- topic : Homme.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Body segment, Center of mass, Force, Gravity, Haptic perception, Human, Joint, Kinematics, Lower limb, Motor control, Oscillation, Perturbation, Posture, Stiffness.

Abstract

We studied the kinematics and kinetics of human postural responses to "recoverable falls." To induce brief falling we used a Hold and Release (H&R) paradigm. Standing subjects actively resisted a force applied to their sternum. When this force was quickly released they were suddenly off balance. For a brief period, 125 ms, until restoring forces were generated to shift the center of foot pressure in front of the center of mass, the body was in a forward fall acted on by gravity and ground support forces. We were able to describe the whole-body postural behavior following release using a multilink inverted pendulum model in a regime of "small oscillations." A three-segment model incorporating upper body, upper leg, and lower leg, with active stiffness and damping at the joints was fully adequate to fit the kinematic data from all conditions. The significance of our findings is that in situations involving recoverable falls or loss of balance the earliest responses are likely dependent on actively-tuned, reflexive mechanisms yielding stiffness and damping modulation of the joints. We demonstrate that haptic cues from index fingertip contact with a stationary surface lead to a significantly smaller angular displacement of the torso and a more rapid recovery of balance. Our H&R paradigm and associated model provide a quantifiable approach to studying recovery from potential falling in normal and clinical subjects.

Affiliations:

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Pascal:04-0159388

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We studied the kinematics and kinetics of human postural responses to "recoverable falls." To induce brief falling we used a Hold and Release (H&R) paradigm. Standing subjects actively resisted a force applied to their sternum. When this force was quickly released they were suddenly off balance. For a brief period, 125 ms, until restoring forces were generated to shift the center of foot pressure in front of the center of mass, the body was in a forward fall acted on by gravity and ground support forces. We were able to describe the whole-body postural behavior following release using a multilink inverted pendulum model in a regime of "small oscillations." A three-segment model incorporating upper body, upper leg, and lower leg, with active stiffness and damping at the joints was fully adequate to fit the kinematic data from all conditions. The significance of our findings is that in situations involving recoverable falls or loss of balance the earliest responses are likely dependent on actively-tuned, reflexive mechanisms yielding stiffness and damping modulation of the joints. We demonstrate that haptic cues from index fingertip contact with a stationary surface lead to a significantly smaller angular displacement of the torso and a more rapid recovery of balance. Our H&R paradigm and associated model provide a quantifiable approach to studying recovery from potential falling in normal and clinical subjects.</div>
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Analysis of human postural responses to recoverable falls

Analysis of human postural responses to recoverable falls

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