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Deficits in audiovisual speech perception in normal aging emerge at the level of whole-word recognition

Identifieur interne : 003340 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 003339; suivant : 003341

Deficits in audiovisual speech perception in normal aging emerge at the level of whole-word recognition

Auteurs : Ryan A. Stevenson [Canada, États-Unis] ; Caitlin Nelms [États-Unis] ; Sarah H. Baum [États-Unis] ; Lilia Zurkovsky [États-Unis] ; Morgan D. Barense [Canada] ; Paul A. Newhouse [États-Unis] ; Mark T. Wallace [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4268368

Abstract

Over the next two decades, a dramatic shift in the demographics of society will take place, with a rapid growth in the population of older adults. One of the most common complaints with healthy aging is a decreased ability to successfully perceive speech, particularly in noisy environments. In such noisy environments, the presence of visual speech cues (i.e., lip movements) provide striking benefits for speech perception and comprehension, but previous research suggests that older adults gain less from such audiovisual integration than their younger peers. To determine at what processing level these behavioral differences arise in healthy-aging populations, we administered a speech-in-noise task to younger and older adults. We compared the perceptual benefits of having speech information available in both the auditory and visual modalities and examined both phoneme and whole-word recognition across varying levels of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For whole-word recognition, older relative to younger adults showed greater multisensory gains at intermediate SNRs, but reduced benefit at low SNRs. By contrast, at the phoneme level both younger and older adults showed approximately equivalent increases in multisensory gain as SNR decreased. Collectively, the results provide important insights into both the similarities and differences in how older and younger adults integrate auditory and visual speech cues in noisy environments, and help explain some of the conflicting findings in previous studies of multisensory speech perception in healthy aging. These novel findings suggest that audiovisual processing is intact at more elementary levels of speech perception in healthy aging populations, and that deficits begin to emerge only at the more complex, word-recognition level of speech signals.


Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.08.003
PubMed: 25282337
PubMed Central: 4268368

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PMC:4268368

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<p id="P1">Over the next two decades, a dramatic shift in the demographics of society will take place, with a rapid growth in the population of older adults. One of the most common complaints with healthy aging is a decreased ability to successfully perceive speech, particularly in noisy environments. In such noisy environments, the presence of visual speech cues (i.e., lip movements) provide striking benefits for speech perception and comprehension, but previous research suggests that older adults gain less from such audiovisual integration than their younger peers. To determine at what processing level these behavioral differences arise in healthy-aging populations, we administered a speech-in-noise task to younger and older adults. We compared the perceptual benefits of having speech information available in both the auditory and visual modalities and examined both phoneme and whole-word recognition across varying levels of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For whole-word recognition, older relative to younger adults showed
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Dept. of Psychology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN, USA</aff>
<aff id="A6">
<label>6</label>
Dept. of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA</aff>
<aff id="A7">
<label>7</label>
Dept. of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, TX, USA</aff>
<aff id="A8">
<label>8</label>
Center for Cognitive Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA</aff>
<aff id="A9">
<label>9</label>
Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<label>10</label>
Dept. of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">Corresponding Author: Ryan A. Stevenson, Rm 523, Sidney Smith, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, m6g 3g3,
<email>ryan.andrew.stevenson@gmail.com</email>
, (416) 978-5464</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted">
<day>19</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>07</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release">
<day>01</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>283</fpage>
<lpage>291</lpage>
<pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.08.003</pmc-comment>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p id="P1">Over the next two decades, a dramatic shift in the demographics of society will take place, with a rapid growth in the population of older adults. One of the most common complaints with healthy aging is a decreased ability to successfully perceive speech, particularly in noisy environments. In such noisy environments, the presence of visual speech cues (i.e., lip movements) provide striking benefits for speech perception and comprehension, but previous research suggests that older adults gain less from such audiovisual integration than their younger peers. To determine at what processing level these behavioral differences arise in healthy-aging populations, we administered a speech-in-noise task to younger and older adults. We compared the perceptual benefits of having speech information available in both the auditory and visual modalities and examined both phoneme and whole-word recognition across varying levels of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For whole-word recognition, older relative to younger adults showed
<italic>greater</italic>
multisensory gains at intermediate SNRs, but reduced benefit at low SNRs. By contrast, at the phoneme level both younger and older adults showed approximately equivalent increases in multisensory gain as SNR decreased. Collectively, the results provide important insights into both the similarities and differences in how older and younger adults integrate auditory and visual speech cues in noisy environments, and help explain some of the conflicting findings in previous studies of multisensory speech perception in healthy aging. These novel findings suggest that audiovisual processing is intact at more elementary levels of speech perception in healthy aging populations, and that deficits begin to emerge only at the more complex, word-recognition level of speech signals.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Speech perception</kwd>
<kwd>Multisensory</kwd>
<kwd>Aging</kwd>
<kwd>Multisensory integration</kwd>
<kwd>Inverse effectiveness</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Ontario</li>
<li>Tennessee</li>
<li>Texas</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Toronto</li>
</settlement>
<orgName>
<li>Université de Toronto</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="Canada">
<region name="Ontario">
<name sortKey="Stevenson, Ryan A" sort="Stevenson, Ryan A" uniqKey="Stevenson R" first="Ryan A." last="Stevenson">Ryan A. Stevenson</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Barense, Morgan D" sort="Barense, Morgan D" uniqKey="Barense M" first="Morgan D." last="Barense">Morgan D. Barense</name>
<name sortKey="Barense, Morgan D" sort="Barense, Morgan D" uniqKey="Barense M" first="Morgan D." last="Barense">Morgan D. Barense</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis">
<region name="Tennessee">
<name sortKey="Stevenson, Ryan A" sort="Stevenson, Ryan A" uniqKey="Stevenson R" first="Ryan A." last="Stevenson">Ryan A. Stevenson</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Baum, Sarah H" sort="Baum, Sarah H" uniqKey="Baum S" first="Sarah H." last="Baum">Sarah H. Baum</name>
<name sortKey="Baum, Sarah H" sort="Baum, Sarah H" uniqKey="Baum S" first="Sarah H." last="Baum">Sarah H. Baum</name>
<name sortKey="Nelms, Caitlin" sort="Nelms, Caitlin" uniqKey="Nelms C" first="Caitlin" last="Nelms">Caitlin Nelms</name>
<name sortKey="Nelms, Caitlin" sort="Nelms, Caitlin" uniqKey="Nelms C" first="Caitlin" last="Nelms">Caitlin Nelms</name>
<name sortKey="Newhouse, Paul A" sort="Newhouse, Paul A" uniqKey="Newhouse P" first="Paul A." last="Newhouse">Paul A. Newhouse</name>
<name sortKey="Stevenson, Ryan A" sort="Stevenson, Ryan A" uniqKey="Stevenson R" first="Ryan A." last="Stevenson">Ryan A. Stevenson</name>
<name sortKey="Stevenson, Ryan A" sort="Stevenson, Ryan A" uniqKey="Stevenson R" first="Ryan A." last="Stevenson">Ryan A. Stevenson</name>
<name sortKey="Wallace, Mark T" sort="Wallace, Mark T" uniqKey="Wallace M" first="Mark T." last="Wallace">Mark T. Wallace</name>
<name sortKey="Wallace, Mark T" sort="Wallace, Mark T" uniqKey="Wallace M" first="Mark T." last="Wallace">Mark T. Wallace</name>
<name sortKey="Wallace, Mark T" sort="Wallace, Mark T" uniqKey="Wallace M" first="Mark T." last="Wallace">Mark T. Wallace</name>
<name sortKey="Wallace, Mark T" sort="Wallace, Mark T" uniqKey="Wallace M" first="Mark T." last="Wallace">Mark T. Wallace</name>
<name sortKey="Wallace, Mark T" sort="Wallace, Mark T" uniqKey="Wallace M" first="Mark T." last="Wallace">Mark T. Wallace</name>
<name sortKey="Zurkovsky, Lilia" sort="Zurkovsky, Lilia" uniqKey="Zurkovsky L" first="Lilia" last="Zurkovsky">Lilia Zurkovsky</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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