Probabilistic Cue Combination: Less is More
Identifieur interne : 002534 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002533; suivant : 002535Probabilistic Cue Combination: Less is More
Auteurs : Daniel Yurovsky ; Ty W. Boyer ; Linda B. Smith ; Chen YuSource :
- Developmental science [ 1363-755X ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Learning about the structure of the world requires learning probabilistic relationships: rules in which cues do not predict outcomes with certainty. However, in some cases, the ability to track probabilistic relationships is a handicap, leading adults to perform non-normatively in prediction tasks. For example, in the
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/desc.12011
PubMed: 23432826
PubMed Central: 3582171
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PMC:3582171Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Yurovsky, Daniel" sort="Yurovsky, Daniel" uniqKey="Yurovsky D" first="Daniel" last="Yurovsky">Daniel Yurovsky</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Psychology, Stanford University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Stanford University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boyer, Ty W" sort="Boyer, Ty W" uniqKey="Boyer T" first="Ty W." last="Boyer">Ty W. Boyer</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Georgia Southern University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Linda B" sort="Smith, Linda B" uniqKey="Smith L" first="Linda B." last="Smith">Linda B. Smith</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Indiana University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, Chen" sort="Yu, Chen" uniqKey="Yu C" first="Chen" last="Yu">Chen Yu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Indiana University</wicri:noCountry>
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<author><name sortKey="Yurovsky, Daniel" sort="Yurovsky, Daniel" uniqKey="Yurovsky D" first="Daniel" last="Yurovsky">Daniel Yurovsky</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Stanford University</wicri:noCountry>
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<author><name sortKey="Boyer, Ty W" sort="Boyer, Ty W" uniqKey="Boyer T" first="Ty W." last="Boyer">Ty W. Boyer</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Georgia Southern University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, Linda B" sort="Smith, Linda B" uniqKey="Smith L" first="Linda B." last="Smith">Linda B. Smith</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Indiana University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, Chen" sort="Yu, Chen" uniqKey="Yu C" first="Chen" last="Yu">Chen Yu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Indiana University</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<series><title level="j">Developmental science</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1363-755X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1467-7687</idno>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Learning about the structure of the world requires learning probabilistic relationships: rules in which cues do not predict outcomes with certainty. However, in some cases, the ability to track probabilistic relationships is a handicap, leading adults to perform non-normatively in prediction tasks. For example, in the <italic>dilution effect</italic>
, predictions made from the combination of two cues of different strengths are less accurate than those made from the stronger cue alone. Here we show that <italic>dilution</italic>
is an adult problem; 11-month-old infants combine strong and weak predictors normatively. These results extend and add support for the <italic>less is more</italic>
hypothesis: limited cognitive resources can lead children to represent probabilistic information differently from adults, and this difference in representation can have important downstream consequences for prediction.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9814574</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">31973</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Dev Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Dev Sci</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Developmental science</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1363-755X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1467-7687</issn>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23432826</article-id>
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<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS407141</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>Probabilistic Cue Combination: Less is More</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yurovsky</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boyer</surname>
<given-names>Ty W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smith</surname>
<given-names>Linda B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yu</surname>
<given-names>Chen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
Department of Psychology, Stanford University</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>3</label>
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Address correspondence to: Daniel Yurovsky, Department of Psychology, Jordan Hall, Building 01-420, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, <email>dyurovsk@indiana.edu</email>
, Phone: 812-856-1920</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>21</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>149</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<abstract><p id="P1">Learning about the structure of the world requires learning probabilistic relationships: rules in which cues do not predict outcomes with certainty. However, in some cases, the ability to track probabilistic relationships is a handicap, leading adults to perform non-normatively in prediction tasks. For example, in the <italic>dilution effect</italic>
, predictions made from the combination of two cues of different strengths are less accurate than those made from the stronger cue alone. Here we show that <italic>dilution</italic>
is an adult problem; 11-month-old infants combine strong and weak predictors normatively. These results extend and add support for the <italic>less is more</italic>
hypothesis: limited cognitive resources can lead children to represent probabilistic information differently from adults, and this difference in representation can have important downstream consequences for prediction.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>probability learning</kwd>
<kwd>probabilistic prediction</kwd>
<kwd>less is more</kwd>
<kwd>language acquisition</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Boyer, Ty W" sort="Boyer, Ty W" uniqKey="Boyer T" first="Ty W." last="Boyer">Ty W. Boyer</name>
<name sortKey="Smith, Linda B" sort="Smith, Linda B" uniqKey="Smith L" first="Linda B." last="Smith">Linda B. Smith</name>
<name sortKey="Yu, Chen" sort="Yu, Chen" uniqKey="Yu C" first="Chen" last="Yu">Chen Yu</name>
<name sortKey="Yurovsky, Daniel" sort="Yurovsky, Daniel" uniqKey="Yurovsky D" first="Daniel" last="Yurovsky">Daniel Yurovsky</name>
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