A sensitive period for language in the visual cortex: Distinct patterns of plasticity in congenitally versus late blind adults
Identifieur interne : 001D15 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001D14; suivant : 001D16A sensitive period for language in the visual cortex: Distinct patterns of plasticity in congenitally versus late blind adults
Auteurs : Marina Bedny [États-Unis] ; Alvaro Pascual-Leone [États-Unis, Espagne] ; Swethasri Dravida [États-Unis] ; Rebecca Saxe [États-Unis]Source :
- Brain and language [ 0093-934X ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that blindness enables visual circuits to contribute to language processing. We examined whether this dramatic functional plasticity has a sensitive period. BOLD fMRI signal was measured in congenitally blind, late blind (blindness onset 9-years-old or later) and sighted participants while they performed a sentence comprehension task. In a control condition, participants listened to backwards speech and made match/non-match to sample judgments. In both, congenitally and late blind participants BOLD signal increased in bilateral foveal-pericalcarine cortex during response preparation, irrespective of whether the stimulus was a sentence or backwards speech. However, only in congenitally blind people left occipital areas (pericalcarine, extrastriate, fusiform and lateral) responded more to sentences than backwards speech. We conclude that age of blindness onset constrains the non-visual functions of occipital cortex: while plasticity is present in both congenitally and late blind individuals, recruitment of visual circuits for language depends on blindness during childhood.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.10.005
PubMed: 22154509
PubMed Central: 3536016
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Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge MA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge MA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saxe, Rebecca" sort="Saxe, Rebecca" uniqKey="Saxe R" first="Rebecca" last="Saxe">Rebecca Saxe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge MA, USA.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge MA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge MA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Brain and language</title><idno type="ISSN">0093-934X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1090-2155</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Recent evidence suggests that blindness enables visual circuits to contribute to language processing. We examined whether this dramatic functional plasticity has a sensitive period. BOLD fMRI signal was measured in congenitally blind, late blind (blindness onset 9-years-old or later) and sighted participants while they performed a sentence comprehension task. In a control condition, participants listened to backwards speech and made match/non-match to sample judgments. In both, congenitally and late blind participants BOLD signal increased in bilateral foveal-pericalcarine cortex during response preparation, irrespective of whether the stimulus was a sentence or backwards speech. However, only in congenitally blind people left occipital areas (pericalcarine, extrastriate, fusiform and lateral) responded more to sentences than backwards speech. We conclude that age of blindness onset constrains the non-visual functions of occipital cortex: while plasticity is present in both congenitally and late blind individuals, recruitment of visual circuits for language depends on blindness during childhood.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">7506220</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">1919</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Brain Lang</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Brain Lang</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Brain and language</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0093-934X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1090-2155</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22154509</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3536016</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bandl.2011.10.005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS337975</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A sensitive period for language in the visual cortex: Distinct patterns of plasticity in congenitally versus late blind adults</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bedny</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pascual-Leone</surname><given-names>Alvaro</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dravida</surname><given-names>Swethasri</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Saxe</surname><given-names>Rebecca</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Guttmann, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="CR1">Corresponding Author: Marina Bedny Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology 43 Vassar St., room 46-4021 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 <email>mbedny@mit.edu</email> phone: 617-286-2341 fax: 617-975-5322
</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>9</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>9</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>122</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>162</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p id="P1">Recent evidence suggests that blindness enables visual circuits to contribute to language processing. We examined whether this dramatic functional plasticity has a sensitive period. BOLD fMRI signal was measured in congenitally blind, late blind (blindness onset 9-years-old or later) and sighted participants while they performed a sentence comprehension task. In a control condition, participants listened to backwards speech and made match/non-match to sample judgments. In both, congenitally and late blind participants BOLD signal increased in bilateral foveal-pericalcarine cortex during response preparation, irrespective of whether the stimulus was a sentence or backwards speech. However, only in congenitally blind people left occipital areas (pericalcarine, extrastriate, fusiform and lateral) responded more to sentences than backwards speech. We conclude that age of blindness onset constrains the non-visual functions of occipital cortex: while plasticity is present in both congenitally and late blind individuals, recruitment of visual circuits for language depends on blindness during childhood.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>plasticity</kwd><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>sensitive-period</kwd><kwd>critical-period</kwd><kwd>language evolution</kwd><kwd>visual cortex</kwd><kwd>blind</kwd><kwd>sentence comprehension</kwd><kwd>foveal</kwd><kwd>pericalcarine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Eye Institute : NEI</funding-source><award-id>R01 EY012091 || EY</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Center for Research Resources : NCRR</funding-source><award-id>M01 RR001032 || RR</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Center for Research Resources : NCRR</funding-source><award-id>K24 RR018875 || RR</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Massachusetts</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bedny, Marina" sort="Bedny, Marina" uniqKey="Bedny M" first="Marina" last="Bedny">Marina Bedny</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Dravida, Swethasri" sort="Dravida, Swethasri" uniqKey="Dravida S" first="Swethasri" last="Dravida">Swethasri Dravida</name><name sortKey="Pascual Leone, Alvaro" sort="Pascual Leone, Alvaro" uniqKey="Pascual Leone A" first="Alvaro" last="Pascual-Leone">Alvaro Pascual-Leone</name><name sortKey="Saxe, Rebecca" sort="Saxe, Rebecca" uniqKey="Saxe R" first="Rebecca" last="Saxe">Rebecca Saxe</name></country><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pascual Leone, Alvaro" sort="Pascual Leone, Alvaro" uniqKey="Pascual Leone A" first="Alvaro" last="Pascual-Leone">Alvaro Pascual-Leone</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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