Transferring Data from Smartwatch to Smartphone through Mechanical Wave Propagation
Identifieur interne : 003C10 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 003C09; suivant : 003C11Transferring Data from Smartwatch to Smartphone through Mechanical Wave Propagation
Auteurs : Seung-Chan Kim ; Soo-Chul LimSource :
- Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) [ 1424-8220 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Inspired by the mechanisms of bone conduction transmission, we present a novel sensor and actuation system that enables a smartwatch to securely communicate with a peripheral touch device, such as a smartphone. Our system regards hand structures as a mechanical waveguide that transmits particular signals through mechanical waves. As a signal, we used high-frequency vibrations (18.0–20.0 kHz) so that users cannot sense the signals either tactually or audibly. To this end, we adopted a commercial surface transducer, which is originally developed as a bone-conduction actuator, for mechanical signal generation. At the receiver side, a piezoelement was adopted for picking up the transferred mechanical signals. Experimental results have shown that the proposed system can successfully transfer data using mechanical waves. We also validate dual-frequency actuations under which high-frequency signals (18.0–20.0 kHz) are generated along with low-frequency (up to 250 Hz) haptic vibrations. The proposed method has advantages in terms of security in that it does not reveal the signals outside the body, meaning that it is not possible for attackers to eavesdrop on the signals. To further illustrate the possible application spaces, we conclude with explorations of the proposed approach.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/s150921394
PubMed: 26343674
PubMed Central: 4610425
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000383
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000383
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000231
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000258
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000258
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000197
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :003C10
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4610425Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Transferring Data from Smartwatch to Smartphone through Mechanical Wave Propagation</title><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Chan" sort="Kim, Seung Chan" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Chan" last="Kim">Seung-Chan Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Soo Chul" sort="Lim, Soo Chul" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Soo-Chul" last="Lim">Soo-Chul Lim</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26343674</idno><idno type="pmc">4610425</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610425</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4610425</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/s150921394</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000383</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000383</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000231</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000258</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000258</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000197</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003C10</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003C10</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Transferring Data from Smartwatch to Smartphone through Mechanical Wave Propagation</title><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Chan" sort="Kim, Seung Chan" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Chan" last="Kim">Seung-Chan Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Soo Chul" sort="Lim, Soo Chul" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Soo-Chul" last="Lim">Soo-Chul Lim</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</title><idno type="eISSN">1424-8220</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Inspired by the mechanisms of bone conduction transmission, we present a novel sensor and actuation system that enables a smartwatch to securely communicate with a peripheral touch device, such as a smartphone. Our system regards hand structures as a mechanical waveguide that transmits particular signals through mechanical waves. As a signal, we used high-frequency vibrations (18.0–20.0 kHz) so that users cannot sense the signals either tactually or audibly. To this end, we adopted a commercial surface transducer, which is originally developed as a bone-conduction actuator, for mechanical signal generation. At the receiver side, a piezoelement was adopted for picking up the transferred mechanical signals. Experimental results have shown that the proposed system can successfully transfer data using mechanical waves. We also validate dual-frequency actuations under which high-frequency signals (18.0–20.0 kHz) are generated along with low-frequency (up to 250 Hz) haptic vibrations. The proposed method has advantages in terms of security in that it does not reveal the signals outside the body, meaning that it is not possible for attackers to eavesdrop on the signals. To further illustrate the possible application spaces, we conclude with explorations of the proposed approach.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, T G" uniqKey="Zimmerman T">T.G. Zimmerman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mulliner, C" uniqKey="Mulliner C">C. Mulliner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahlbom, A" uniqKey="Ahlbom A">A. Ahlbom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bergqvist, U" uniqKey="Bergqvist U">U. Bergqvist</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernhardt, J H" uniqKey="Bernhardt J">J.H. Bernhardt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cesarini, J" uniqKey="Cesarini J">J. Cesarini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Court, L A" uniqKey="Court L">L.A. Court</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grandolfo, M" uniqKey="Grandolfo M">M. Grandolfo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hietanen, M" uniqKey="Hietanen M">M. Hietanen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mckinlay, A F" uniqKey="Mckinlay A">A.F. Mckinlay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Repacholi, M H" uniqKey="Repacholi M">M.H. Repacholi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sliney, D H" uniqKey="Sliney D">D.H. Sliney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wegmuller, M S" uniqKey="Wegmuller M">M.S. Wegmüller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Webster, J G" uniqKey="Webster J">J.G. Webster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hachisuka, K" uniqKey="Hachisuka K">K. Hachisuka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakata, A" uniqKey="Nakata A">A. Nakata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takeda, T" uniqKey="Takeda T">T. Takeda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Terauchi, Y" uniqKey="Terauchi Y">Y. Terauchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shiba, K" uniqKey="Shiba K">K. Shiba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sasaki, K" uniqKey="Sasaki K">K. Sasaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hosaka, H" uniqKey="Hosaka H">H. Hosaka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Itao, K" uniqKey="Itao K">K. Itao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, T G" uniqKey="Zimmerman T">T.G. Zimmerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, J R" uniqKey="Smith J">J.R. Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paradiso, J A" uniqKey="Paradiso J">J.A. Paradiso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allport, D" uniqKey="Allport D">D. Allport</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gershenfeld, N" uniqKey="Gershenfeld N">N. Gershenfeld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cohn, G" uniqKey="Cohn G">G. Cohn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, D" uniqKey="Morris D">D. Morris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, S N" uniqKey="Patel S">S.N. Patel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, D S" uniqKey="Tan D">D.S. Tan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bullock, H T" uniqKey="Bullock H">H.T. Bullock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hopkins, C D" uniqKey="Hopkins C">C.D. Hopkins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fay, R R" uniqKey="Fay R">R.R. Fay</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dietz, P" uniqKey="Dietz P">P. Dietz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leigh, D" uniqKey="Leigh D">D. Leigh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Takemura, K" uniqKey="Takemura K">K. Takemura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ito, A" uniqKey="Ito A">A. Ito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takamatsu, J" uniqKey="Takamatsu J">J. Takamatsu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogasawara, T" uniqKey="Ogasawara T">T. Ogasawara</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mujibiya, A" uniqKey="Mujibiya A">A. Mujibiya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, X" uniqKey="Cao X">X. Cao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, D S" uniqKey="Tan D">D.S. Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, D" uniqKey="Morris D">D. Morris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, S N" uniqKey="Patel S">S.N. Patel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rekimoto, J" uniqKey="Rekimoto J">J. Rekimoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harrison, C" uniqKey="Harrison C">C. Harrison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, D" uniqKey="Tan D">D. Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, D" uniqKey="Morris D">D. Morris</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Santagati, E G" uniqKey="Santagati E">E.G. Santagati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melodia, T" uniqKey="Melodia T">T. Melodia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Der Perre, G" uniqKey="Van Der Perre G">G. Van der Perre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lowet, G" uniqKey="Lowet G">G. Lowet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Santagati, G E" uniqKey="Santagati G">G.E. Santagati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melodia, T" uniqKey="Melodia T">T. Melodia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galluccio, L" uniqKey="Galluccio L">L. Galluccio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palazzo, S" uniqKey="Palazzo S">S. Palazzo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Santagati, G E" uniqKey="Santagati G">G.E. Santagati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melodia, T" uniqKey="Melodia T">T. Melodia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harrison, C" uniqKey="Harrison C">C. Harrison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hudson, S E" uniqKey="Hudson S">S.E. Hudson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hwang, I" uniqKey="Hwang I">I. Hwang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, J" uniqKey="Cho J">J. Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, S" uniqKey="Oh S">S. Oh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/HapticV1/Data/Ncbi/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 003C10 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 003C10 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Ticri/CIDE
|area= HapticV1
|flux= Ncbi
|étape= Curation
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4610425
|texte= Transferring Data from Smartwatch to Smartphone through Mechanical Wave Propagation
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Curation/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:26343674" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Curation/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a HapticV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.23. |  |