Virtual patients - what are we talking about? A framework to classify the meanings of the term in healthcare education
Identifieur interne : 003662 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 003661; suivant : 003663Virtual patients - what are we talking about? A framework to classify the meanings of the term in healthcare education
Auteurs : Andrzej A. Kononowicz [Suède, Pologne] ; Nabil Zary [Suède] ; Samuel Edelbring [Suède] ; Janet Corral [États-Unis] ; Inga Hege [Allemagne]Source :
- BMC Medical Education [ 1472-6920 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The term “virtual patients” (VPs) has been used for many years in academic publications, but its meaning varies, leading to confusion. Our aim was to investigate and categorize the use of the term “virtual patient” and then classify its use in healthcare education.
A literature review was conducted to determine all articles using the term “virtual patient” in the title or abstract. These articles were categorized into: Education, Clinical Procedures, Clinical Research and E-Health. All educational articles were further classified based on a framework published by Talbot et al. which was further developed using a deductive content analysis approach.
536 articles published between 1991 and December 2013 were included in the study. From these, 330 were categorized as educational. Classifying these showed that 37% articles used VPs in the form of Interactive Patient Scenarios. VPs in form of High Fidelity Software Simulations (19%) and Virtual Standardized Patients (16%) were also frequent. Less frequent were other forms, such as VP Games.
Analyzing the literature across time shows an overall trend towards the use of Interactive Patient Scenarios as the predominant form of VPs in healthcare education.
The main form of educational VPs in the literature are Interactive Patient Scenarios despite rapid technical advances that would support more complex applications. The adapted classification provides a valuable model for VP developers and researchers in healthcare education to more clearly communicate the type of VP they are addressing avoiding misunderstandings.
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0296-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-015-0296-3
PubMed: 25638167
PubMed Central: 4318546
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Kononowicz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Krakow</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zary, Nabil" sort="Zary, Nabil" uniqKey="Zary N" first="Nabil" last="Zary">Nabil Zary</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edelbring, Samuel" sort="Edelbring, Samuel" uniqKey="Edelbring S" first="Samuel" last="Edelbring">Samuel Edelbring</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Learning, Informatics Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corral, Janet" sort="Corral, Janet" uniqKey="Corral J" first="Janet" last="Corral">Janet Corral</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">School of Medicine at the University of Colorado Denver in Denver, Colorado, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Medicine at the University of Colorado Denver in Denver, Colorado</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hege, Inga" sort="Hege, Inga" uniqKey="Hege I" first="Inga" last="Hege">Inga Hege</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin am Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstr 1, 80336 München, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin am Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstr 1, 80336 München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Medical Education</title><idno type="eISSN">1472-6920</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The term “virtual patients” (VPs) has been used for many years in academic publications, but its meaning varies, leading to confusion. Our aim was to investigate and categorize the use of the term “virtual patient” and then classify its use in healthcare education.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A literature review was conducted to determine all articles using the term “virtual patient” in the title or abstract. These articles were categorized into: Education, Clinical Procedures, Clinical Research and E-Health. All educational articles were further classified based on a framework published by Talbot et al. which was further developed using a deductive content analysis approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>536 articles published between 1991 and December 2013 were included in the study. From these, 330 were categorized as educational. Classifying these showed that 37% articles used VPs in the form of Interactive Patient Scenarios. VPs in form of High Fidelity Software Simulations (19%) and Virtual Standardized Patients (16%) were also frequent. Less frequent were other forms, such as VP Games.</p><p>Analyzing the literature across time shows an overall trend towards the use of Interactive Patient Scenarios as the predominant form of VPs in healthcare education.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The main form of educational VPs in the literature are Interactive Patient Scenarios despite rapid technical advances that would support more complex applications. The adapted classification provides a valuable model for VP developers and researchers in healthcare education to more clearly communicate the type of VP they are addressing avoiding misunderstandings.</p></sec><sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0296-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Consorti, F" uniqKey="Consorti F">F Consorti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mancuso, R" uniqKey="Mancuso R">R Mancuso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nocioni, M" uniqKey="Nocioni M">M Nocioni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piccolo, A" uniqKey="Piccolo A">A Piccolo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cendan, J" uniqKey="Cendan J">J 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uniqKey="Albright S">S Albright</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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