Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Plasticity in Early-Blind Subjects
Identifieur interne : 003708 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 003707; suivant : 003709Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Plasticity in Early-Blind Subjects
Auteurs : Lindsay B. Lewis [Canada] ; Melissa Saenz [Suisse] ; Ione Fine [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Neurophysiology [ 0022-3077 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
A variety of studies have demonstrated enhanced blood oxygenation level dependent responses to auditory and tactile stimuli within occipital cortex as a result of early blindness. However, little is known about the organizational principles that drive this cross-modal plasticity. We compared BOLD responses to a wide variety of auditory and tactile tasks (vs. rest) in early-blind and sighted subjects. As expected, cross-modal responses were larger in blind than in sighted subjects in occipital cortex for all tasks (cross-modal plasticity). Within both blind and sighted subject groups, we found patterns of cross-modal activity that were remarkably similar across tasks: a large proportion of cross-modal responses within occipital cortex are neither task nor stimulus specific. We next examined the mechanisms underlying enhanced BOLD responses within early-blind subjects. We found that the enhancement of cross-modal responses due to early blindness was best described as an additive shift, suggesting that cross-modal plasticity within blind subjects does not originate from either a scaling or unmasking of cross-modal responsivities found in sighted subjects.
Url:
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00983.2009
PubMed: 20668272
PubMed Central: 3007643
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Lewis</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saenz, Melissa" sort="Saenz, Melissa" uniqKey="Saenz M" first="Melissa" last="Saenz">Melissa Saenz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CHUV Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CHUV Hospital, University of Lausanne</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Lausanne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, Ione" sort="Fine, Ione" uniqKey="Fine I" first="Ione" last="Fine">Ione Fine</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20668272</idno><idno type="pmc">3007643</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3007643</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3007643</idno><idno type="doi">10.1152/jn.00983.2009</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001414</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001414</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001E35</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001637</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001637</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001637</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0022-3077:2010:Lewis L:mechanisms:of:cross</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">003708</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Plasticity in Early-Blind Subjects</title><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Lindsay B" sort="Lewis, Lindsay B" uniqKey="Lewis L" first="Lindsay B." last="Lewis">Lindsay B. Lewis</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Ophthalmology, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saenz, Melissa" sort="Saenz, Melissa" uniqKey="Saenz M" first="Melissa" last="Saenz">Melissa Saenz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CHUV Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CHUV Hospital, University of Lausanne</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Lausanne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, Ione" sort="Fine, Ione" uniqKey="Fine I" first="Ione" last="Fine">Ione Fine</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Neurophysiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-3077</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-1598</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>A variety of studies have demonstrated enhanced blood oxygenation level dependent responses to auditory and tactile stimuli within occipital cortex as a result of early blindness. However, little is known about the organizational principles that drive this cross-modal plasticity. We compared BOLD responses to a wide variety of auditory and tactile tasks (vs. rest) in early-blind and sighted subjects. As expected, cross-modal responses were larger in blind than in sighted subjects in occipital cortex for all tasks (cross-modal plasticity). Within both blind and sighted subject groups, we found patterns of cross-modal activity that were remarkably similar across tasks: a large proportion of cross-modal responses within occipital cortex are neither task nor stimulus specific. We next examined the mechanisms underlying enhanced BOLD responses within early-blind subjects. We found that the enhancement of cross-modal responses due to early blindness was best described as an additive shift, suggesting that cross-modal plasticity within blind subjects does not originate from either a scaling or unmasking of cross-modal responsivities found in sighted subjects.</p></div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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