Uncovering Multisensory Processing through Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation
Identifieur interne : 002920 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 002919; suivant : 002921Uncovering Multisensory Processing through Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation
Auteurs : Nadia Bolognini [Italie] ; Angelo Maravita [Italie]Source :
- Frontiers in Psychology [ 1664-1078 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Most of current knowledge about the mechanisms of multisensory integration of environmental stimuli by the human brain derives from neuroimaging experiments. However, neuroimaging studies do not always provide conclusive evidence about the causal role of a given area for multisensory interactions, since these techniques can mainly derive correlations between brain activations and behavior. Conversely, techniques of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) represent a unique and powerful approach to inform models of causal relations between specific brain regions and individual cognitive and perceptual functions. Although NIBS has been widely used in cognitive neuroscience, its use in the study of multisensory processing in the human brain appears a quite novel field of research. In this paper, we review and discuss recent studies that have used two techniques of NIBS, namely transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, for investigating the causal involvement of unisensory and heteromodal cortical areas in multisensory processing, the effects of multisensory cues on cortical excitability in unisensory areas, and the putative functional connections among different cortical areas subserving multisensory interactions. The emerging view is that NIBS is an essential tool available to neuroscientists seeking for causal relationships between a given area or network and multisensory processes. With its already large and fast increasing usage, future work using NIBS in isolation, as well as in conjunction with different neuroimaging techniques, could substantially improve our understanding of multisensory processing in the human brain.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00046
PubMed: 21716922
PubMed Central: 3110874
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Uncovering Multisensory Processing through Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation</title><author><name sortKey="Bolognini, Nadia" sort="Bolognini, Nadia" uniqKey="Bolognini N" first="Nadia" last="Bolognini">Nadia Bolognini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Milano–Bicocca</institution><country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Neuropsychological Laboratory, Istituto di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano</institution>,<country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maravita, Angelo" sort="Maravita, Angelo" uniqKey="Maravita A" first="Angelo" last="Maravita">Angelo Maravita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Milano–Bicocca</institution><country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21716922</idno><idno type="pmc">3110874</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110874</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3110874</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00046</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002736</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002736</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001933</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001B09</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001B09</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001B09</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002920</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Uncovering Multisensory Processing through Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation</title><author><name sortKey="Bolognini, Nadia" sort="Bolognini, Nadia" uniqKey="Bolognini N" first="Nadia" last="Bolognini">Nadia Bolognini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Milano–Bicocca</institution><country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Neuropsychological Laboratory, Istituto di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano</institution>,<country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maravita, Angelo" sort="Maravita, Angelo" uniqKey="Maravita A" first="Angelo" last="Maravita">Angelo Maravita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Psychology, University of Milano–Bicocca</institution><country>Milan, Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in Psychology</title><idno type="eISSN">1664-1078</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Most of current knowledge about the mechanisms of multisensory integration of environmental stimuli by the human brain derives from neuroimaging experiments. However, neuroimaging studies do not always provide conclusive evidence about the causal role of a given area for multisensory interactions, since these techniques can mainly derive correlations between brain activations and behavior. Conversely, techniques of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) represent a unique and powerful approach to inform models of causal relations between specific brain regions and individual cognitive and perceptual functions. Although NIBS has been widely used in cognitive neuroscience, its use in the study of multisensory processing in the human brain appears a quite novel field of research. In this paper, we review and discuss recent studies that have used two techniques of NIBS, namely transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, for investigating the causal involvement of unisensory and heteromodal cortical areas in multisensory processing, the effects of multisensory cues on cortical excitability in unisensory areas, and the putative functional connections among different cortical areas subserving multisensory interactions. The emerging view is that NIBS is an essential tool available to neuroscientists seeking for causal relationships between a given area or network and multisensory processes. 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