Early visual experience and the recognition of basic facial expressions: involvement of the middle temporal and inferior frontal gyri during haptic identification by the early blind
Identifieur interne : 001C44 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 001C43; suivant : 001C45Early visual experience and the recognition of basic facial expressions: involvement of the middle temporal and inferior frontal gyri during haptic identification by the early blind
Auteurs : Ryo Kitada [Japon] ; Yuko Okamoto [Japon] ; Akihiro T. Sasaki [Japon] ; Takanori Kochiyama [Japon] ; Motohide Miyahara [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Susan J. Lederman [Canada] ; Norihiro Sadato [Japon]Source :
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience [ 1662-5161 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Face perception is critical for social communication. Given its fundamental importance in the course of evolution, the innate neural mechanisms can anticipate the computations necessary for representing faces. However, the effect of visual deprivation on the formation of neural mechanisms that underlie face perception is largely unknown. We previously showed that sighted individuals can recognize basic facial expressions by haptics surprisingly well. Moreover, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the sighted subjects are involved in haptic and visual recognition of facial expressions. Here, we conducted both psychophysical and functional magnetic-resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments to determine the nature of the neural representation that subserves the recognition of basic facial expressions in early blind individuals. In a psychophysical experiment, both early blind and sighted subjects haptically identified basic facial expressions at levels well above chance. In the subsequent fMRI experiment, both groups haptically identified facial expressions and shoe types (control). The sighted subjects then completed the same task visually. Within brain regions activated by the visual and haptic identification of facial expressions (relative to that of shoes) in the sighted group, corresponding haptic identification in the early blind activated regions in the inferior frontal and middle temporal gyri. These results suggest that the neural system that underlies the recognition of basic facial expressions develops supramodally even in the absence of early visual experience.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00007
PubMed: 23372547
PubMed Central: 3556569
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 001D31
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 001D31
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 001291
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000A31
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000A31
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000932
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 002485
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 002485
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 002485
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3556569Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Early visual experience and the recognition of basic facial expressions: involvement of the middle temporal and inferior frontal gyri during haptic identification by the early blind</title><author><name sortKey="Kitada, Ryo" sort="Kitada, Ryo" uniqKey="Kitada R" first="Ryo" last="Kitada">Ryo Kitada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okamoto, Yuko" sort="Okamoto, Yuko" uniqKey="Okamoto Y" first="Yuko" last="Okamoto">Yuko Okamoto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasaki, Akihiro T" sort="Sasaki, Akihiro T" uniqKey="Sasaki A" first="Akihiro T." last="Sasaki">Akihiro T. Sasaki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kochiyama, Takanori" sort="Kochiyama, Takanori" uniqKey="Kochiyama T" first="Takanori" last="Kochiyama">Takanori Kochiyama</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>The Hakubi Project, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University</institution><country>Kyoto, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miyahara, Motohide" sort="Miyahara, Motohide" uniqKey="Miyahara M" first="Motohide" last="Miyahara">Motohide Miyahara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>School of Physical Education, University of Otago</institution><country>Dunedin, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lederman, Susan J" sort="Lederman, Susan J" uniqKey="Lederman S" first="Susan J." last="Lederman">Susan J. Lederman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Psychology, Queen's University</institution><country>Kingston, ON, Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadato, Norihiro" sort="Sadato, Norihiro" uniqKey="Sadato N" first="Norihiro" last="Sadato">Norihiro Sadato</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui</institution><country>Eiheiji, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23372547</idno><idno type="pmc">3556569</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3556569</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3556569</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2013.00007</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001D31</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001D31</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001291</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000A31</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000A31</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000932</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002485</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002485</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002485</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001C44</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Early visual experience and the recognition of basic facial expressions: involvement of the middle temporal and inferior frontal gyri during haptic identification by the early blind</title><author><name sortKey="Kitada, Ryo" sort="Kitada, Ryo" uniqKey="Kitada R" first="Ryo" last="Kitada">Ryo Kitada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okamoto, Yuko" sort="Okamoto, Yuko" uniqKey="Okamoto Y" first="Yuko" last="Okamoto">Yuko Okamoto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasaki, Akihiro T" sort="Sasaki, Akihiro T" uniqKey="Sasaki A" first="Akihiro T." last="Sasaki">Akihiro T. Sasaki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kochiyama, Takanori" sort="Kochiyama, Takanori" uniqKey="Kochiyama T" first="Takanori" last="Kochiyama">Takanori Kochiyama</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>The Hakubi Project, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University</institution><country>Kyoto, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miyahara, Motohide" sort="Miyahara, Motohide" uniqKey="Miyahara M" first="Motohide" last="Miyahara">Motohide Miyahara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>School of Physical Education, University of Otago</institution><country>Dunedin, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lederman, Susan J" sort="Lederman, Susan J" uniqKey="Lederman S" first="Susan J." last="Lederman">Susan J. Lederman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Psychology, Queen's University</institution><country>Kingston, ON, Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadato, Norihiro" sort="Sadato, Norihiro" uniqKey="Sadato N" first="Norihiro" last="Sadato">Norihiro Sadato</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai)</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences</institution><country>Okazaki, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui</institution><country>Eiheiji, Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff region in country</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</title><idno type="eISSN">1662-5161</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Face perception is critical for social communication. Given its fundamental importance in the course of evolution, the innate neural mechanisms can anticipate the computations necessary for representing faces. However, the effect of visual deprivation on the formation of neural mechanisms that underlie face perception is largely unknown. We previously showed that sighted individuals can recognize basic facial expressions by haptics surprisingly well. Moreover, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the sighted subjects are involved in haptic and visual recognition of facial expressions. Here, we conducted both psychophysical and functional magnetic-resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments to determine the nature of the neural representation that subserves the recognition of basic facial expressions in early blind individuals. In a psychophysical experiment, both early blind and sighted subjects haptically identified basic facial expressions at levels well above chance. In the subsequent fMRI experiment, both groups haptically identified facial expressions and shoe types (control). The sighted subjects then completed the same task visually. Within brain regions activated by the visual and haptic identification of facial expressions (relative to that of shoes) in the sighted group, corresponding haptic identification in the early blind activated regions in the inferior frontal and middle temporal gyri. These results suggest that the neural system that underlies the recognition of basic facial expressions develops supramodally even in the absence of early visual experience.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amedi, A" uniqKey="Amedi A">A. Amedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stern, W M" uniqKey="Stern W">W. M. Stern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Camprodon, J A" uniqKey="Camprodon J">J. A. Camprodon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bermpohl, F" uniqKey="Bermpohl F">F. Bermpohl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Merabet, L" uniqKey="Merabet L">L. Merabet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rotman, S" uniqKey="Rotman S">S. Rotman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amunts, K" uniqKey="Amunts K">K. Amunts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kedo, O" uniqKey="Kedo O">O. Kedo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kindler, M" uniqKey="Kindler M">M. Kindler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pieperhoff, P" uniqKey="Pieperhoff P">P. Pieperhoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlberg, H" uniqKey="Mohlberg H">H. Mohlberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, N J" uniqKey="Shah N">N. J. Shah</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amunts, K" uniqKey="Amunts K">K. Amunts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malikovic, A" uniqKey="Malikovic A">A. Malikovic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlberg, H" uniqKey="Mohlberg H">H. Mohlberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schormann, T" uniqKey="Schormann T">T. Schormann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zilles, K" uniqKey="Zilles K">K. Zilles</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amunts, K" uniqKey="Amunts K">K. Amunts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schleicher, A" uniqKey="Schleicher A">A. Schleicher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burgel, U" uniqKey="Burgel U">U. Burgel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlberg, H" uniqKey="Mohlberg H">H. Mohlberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uylings, H B" uniqKey="Uylings H">H. B. Uylings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zilles, K" uniqKey="Zilles K">K. Zilles</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, R" uniqKey="Brown R">R. Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hobson, R P" uniqKey="Hobson R">R. P. Hobson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, A" uniqKey="Lee A">A. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stevenson, J" uniqKey="Stevenson J">J. Stevenson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carr, L" uniqKey="Carr L">L. Carr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Iacoboni, M" uniqKey="Iacoboni M">M. Iacoboni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dubeau, M C" uniqKey="Dubeau M">M. C. Dubeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mazziotta, J C" uniqKey="Mazziotta J">J. C. Mazziotta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lenzi, G L" uniqKey="Lenzi G">G. L. Lenzi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cohen, L G" uniqKey="Cohen L">L. G. Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Celnik, P" uniqKey="Celnik P">P. Celnik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual Leone, A" uniqKey="Pascual Leone A">A. Pascual-Leone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corwell, B" uniqKey="Corwell B">B. Corwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Falz, L" uniqKey="Falz L">L. Falz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dambrosia, J" uniqKey="Dambrosia J">J. Dambrosia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Darwin, C" uniqKey="Darwin C">C. Darwin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dimberg, U" uniqKey="Dimberg U">U. Dimberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thunberg, M" uniqKey="Thunberg M">M. Thunberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dimberg, U" uniqKey="Dimberg U">U. Dimberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thunberg, M" uniqKey="Thunberg M">M. Thunberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elmehed, K" uniqKey="Elmehed K">K. Elmehed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eickhoff, S B" uniqKey="Eickhoff S">S. B. Eickhoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephan, K E" uniqKey="Stephan K">K. E. Stephan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlberg, H" uniqKey="Mohlberg H">H. Mohlberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grefkes, C" uniqKey="Grefkes C">C. Grefkes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fink, G R" uniqKey="Fink G">G. R. Fink</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amunts, K" uniqKey="Amunts K">K. Amunts</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ekman, P" uniqKey="Ekman P">P. Ekman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ekman, P" uniqKey="Ekman P">P. Ekman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friesen, W" uniqKey="Friesen W">W. Friesen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ekman, P" uniqKey="Ekman P">P. Ekman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sorenson, E R" uniqKey="Sorenson E">E. R. Sorenson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friesen, W V" uniqKey="Friesen W">W. V. Friesen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Field, T M" uniqKey="Field T">T. M. Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woodson, R" uniqKey="Woodson R">R. Woodson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greenberg, R" uniqKey="Greenberg R">R. Greenberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, D" uniqKey="Cohen D">D. Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ashburner, J" uniqKey="Ashburner J">J. Ashburner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiebel, S J" uniqKey="Kiebel S">S. J. Kiebel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nichols, T E" uniqKey="Nichols T">T. E. Nichols</name></author><author><name sortKey="Penny, W D" uniqKey="Penny W">W. D. Penny</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glaser, D E" uniqKey="Glaser D">D. E. Glaser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henson, R N" uniqKey="Henson R">R. N. Henson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiebel, S" uniqKey="Kiebel S">S. Kiebel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, C" uniqKey="Phillips C">C. Phillips</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ashburner, J" uniqKey="Ashburner J">J. Ashburner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, A" uniqKey="Holmes A">A. Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poline, J B" uniqKey="Poline J">J. B. Poline</name></author><author><name sortKey="Price, C J" uniqKey="Price C">C. J. Price</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frith, C D" uniqKey="Frith C">C. D. Frith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jezzard, P" uniqKey="Jezzard P">P. Jezzard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, R" uniqKey="Turner R">R. Turner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Penny, W D" uniqKey="Penny W">W. D. Penny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glaser, D E" uniqKey="Glaser D">D. E. Glaser</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fujii, T" uniqKey="Fujii T">T. Fujii</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanabe, H C" uniqKey="Tanabe H">H. C. Tanabe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kochiyama, T" uniqKey="Kochiyama T">T. Kochiyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sadato, N" uniqKey="Sadato N">N. Sadato</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galati, D" uniqKey="Galati D">D. Galati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miceli, R" uniqKey="Miceli R">R. Miceli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sini, B" uniqKey="Sini B">B. Sini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galati, D" uniqKey="Galati D">D. Galati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scherer, K R" uniqKey="Scherer K">K. R. Scherer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ricci Bitti, P E" uniqKey="Ricci Bitti P">P. E. Ricci-Bitti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galati, D" uniqKey="Galati D">D. Galati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sini, B" uniqKey="Sini B">B. Sini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, S" uniqKey="Schmidt S">S. Schmidt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tinti, C" uniqKey="Tinti C">C. Tinti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gazzola, V" uniqKey="Gazzola V">V. Gazzola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aziz Zadeh, L" uniqKey="Aziz Zadeh L">L. Aziz-Zadeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keysers, C" uniqKey="Keysers C">C. Keysers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geyer, S" uniqKey="Geyer S">S. Geyer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geyer, S" uniqKey="Geyer S">S. Geyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ledberg, A" uniqKey="Ledberg A">A. Ledberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schleicher, A" uniqKey="Schleicher A">A. Schleicher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kinomura, S" uniqKey="Kinomura S">S. Kinomura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schormann, T" uniqKey="Schormann T">T. Schormann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burgel, U" uniqKey="Burgel U">U. Burgel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gorno Tempini, M L" uniqKey="Gorno Tempini M">M. L. Gorno-Tempini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pradelli, S" uniqKey="Pradelli S">S. Pradelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Serafini, M" uniqKey="Serafini M">M. Serafini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pagnoni, G" uniqKey="Pagnoni G">G. Pagnoni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baraldi, P" uniqKey="Baraldi P">P. Baraldi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Porro, C" uniqKey="Porro C">C. Porro</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goyal, M S" uniqKey="Goyal M">M. S. Goyal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, P J" uniqKey="Hansen P">P. J. Hansen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blakemore, C B" uniqKey="Blakemore C">C. B. Blakemore</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Greenough, W T" uniqKey="Greenough W">W. T. Greenough</name></author><author><name sortKey="Black, J E" uniqKey="Black J">J. E. Black</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wallace, C S" uniqKey="Wallace C">C. S. Wallace</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grol, M J" uniqKey="Grol M">M. J. Grol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majdandzic, J" uniqKey="Majdandzic J">J. Majdandzic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephan, K E" uniqKey="Stephan K">K. E. Stephan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verhagen, L" uniqKey="Verhagen L">L. Verhagen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dijkerman, H C" uniqKey="Dijkerman H">H. C. Dijkerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bekkering, H" uniqKey="Bekkering H">H. Bekkering</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haxby, J V" uniqKey="Haxby J">J. V. Haxby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gobbini, M I" uniqKey="Gobbini M">M. I. Gobbini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haxby, J V" uniqKey="Haxby J">J. V. Haxby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ungerleider, L G" uniqKey="Ungerleider L">L. G. Ungerleider</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, V P" uniqKey="Clark V">V. P. Clark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schouten, J L" uniqKey="Schouten J">J. L. Schouten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, E A" uniqKey="Hoffman E">E. A. Hoffman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, A" uniqKey="Martin A">A. Martin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hobson, R P" uniqKey="Hobson R">R. P. Hobson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, A" uniqKey="Lee A">A. Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hobson, R P" uniqKey="Hobson R">R. P. Hobson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, A" uniqKey="Lee A">A. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, R" uniqKey="Brown R">R. Brown</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holmes, A P" uniqKey="Holmes A">A. P. Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iacoboni, M" uniqKey="Iacoboni M">M. Iacoboni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dapretto, M" uniqKey="Dapretto M">M. Dapretto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ishai, A" uniqKey="Ishai A">A. Ishai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jeannerod, M" uniqKey="Jeannerod M">M. Jeannerod</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaas, A L" uniqKey="Kaas A">A. L. Kaas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Mier, H" uniqKey="Van Mier H">H. van Mier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goebel, R" uniqKey="Goebel R">R. Goebel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keeler, W R" uniqKey="Keeler W">W. R. Keeler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kitada, R" uniqKey="Kitada R">R. Kitada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnsrude, I S" uniqKey="Johnsrude I">I. S. Johnsrude</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kochiyama, T" uniqKey="Kochiyama T">T. Kochiyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lederman, S J" uniqKey="Lederman S">S. J. Lederman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Klinge, C" uniqKey="Klinge C">C. Klinge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roder, B" uniqKey="Roder B">B. Roder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buchel, C" uniqKey="Buchel C">C. Buchel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lederman, S J" uniqKey="Lederman S">S. J. Lederman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klatzky, R L" uniqKey="Klatzky R">R. L. Klatzky</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lederman, S J" uniqKey="Lederman S">S. J. Lederman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klatzky, R L" uniqKey="Klatzky R">R. L. Klatzky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abramowicz, A" uniqKey="Abramowicz A">A. Abramowicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salsman, K" uniqKey="Salsman K">K. Salsman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kitada, R" uniqKey="Kitada R">R. Kitada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, C" uniqKey="Hamilton C">C. Hamilton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lepp Nen, J M" uniqKey="Lepp Nen J">J. M. Leppänen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, C A" uniqKey="Nelson C">C. A. Nelson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahon, B Z" uniqKey="Mahon B">B. Z. Mahon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anzellotti, S" uniqKey="Anzellotti S">S. Anzellotti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarzbach, J" uniqKey="Schwarzbach J">J. Schwarzbach</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zampini, M" uniqKey="Zampini M">M. Zampini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caramazza, A" uniqKey="Caramazza A">A. Caramazza</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marshall, M J" uniqKey="Marshall M">M. J. Marshall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peck, D F" uniqKey="Peck D">D. F. Peck</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Matsumoto, D" uniqKey="Matsumoto D">D. Matsumoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Willingham, B" uniqKey="Willingham B">B. Willingham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Matteau, I" uniqKey="Matteau I">I. Matteau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kupers, R" uniqKey="Kupers R">R. Kupers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ricciardi, E" uniqKey="Ricciardi E">E. Ricciardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pietrini, P" uniqKey="Pietrini P">P. Pietrini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ptito, M" uniqKey="Ptito M">M. Ptito</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Montgomery, K J" uniqKey="Montgomery K">K. J. Montgomery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haxby, J V" uniqKey="Haxby J">J. V. Haxby</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Narumoto, J" uniqKey="Narumoto J">J. Narumoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okada, T" uniqKey="Okada T">T. Okada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sadato, N" uniqKey="Sadato N">N. Sadato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukui, K" uniqKey="Fukui K">K. Fukui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yonekura, Y" uniqKey="Yonekura Y">Y. Yonekura</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nichols, T" uniqKey="Nichols T">T. Nichols</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brett, M" uniqKey="Brett M">M. Brett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andersson, J" uniqKey="Andersson J">J. Andersson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wager, T" uniqKey="Wager T">T. Wager</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poline, J B" uniqKey="Poline J">J. B. Poline</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oldfield, R C" uniqKey="Oldfield R">R. C. Oldfield</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pietrini, P" uniqKey="Pietrini P">P. Pietrini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Furey, M L" uniqKey="Furey M">M. L. Furey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ricciardi, E" uniqKey="Ricciardi E">E. Ricciardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gobbini, M I" uniqKey="Gobbini M">M. I. Gobbini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, W H" uniqKey="Wu W">W. H. Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, L" uniqKey="Cohen L">L. Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Poirier, C" uniqKey="Poirier C">C. Poirier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Collignon, O" uniqKey="Collignon O">O. Collignon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scheiber, C" uniqKey="Scheiber C">C. Scheiber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Renier, L" uniqKey="Renier L">L. Renier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vanlierde, A" uniqKey="Vanlierde A">A. Vanlierde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tranduy, D" uniqKey="Tranduy D">D. Tranduy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pourtois, G" uniqKey="Pourtois G">G. Pourtois</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, S" uniqKey="Schwartz S">S. Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seghier, M L" uniqKey="Seghier M">M. L. Seghier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lazeyras, F" uniqKey="Lazeyras F">F. Lazeyras</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vuilleumier, P" uniqKey="Vuilleumier P">P. Vuilleumier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prinz, W" uniqKey="Prinz W">W. Prinz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Puce, A" uniqKey="Puce A">A. Puce</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allison, T" uniqKey="Allison T">T. Allison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asgari, M" uniqKey="Asgari M">M. Asgari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gore, J C" uniqKey="Gore J">J. C. Gore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, G" uniqKey="Mccarthy G">G. McCarthy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reich, L" uniqKey="Reich L">L. Reich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Szwed, M" uniqKey="Szwed M">M. Szwed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, L" uniqKey="Cohen L">L. Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amedi, A" uniqKey="Amedi A">A. Amedi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ricciardi, E" uniqKey="Ricciardi E">E. Ricciardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonino, D" uniqKey="Bonino D">D. Bonino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sani, L" uniqKey="Sani L">L. Sani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vecchi, T" uniqKey="Vecchi T">T. Vecchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guazzelli, M" uniqKey="Guazzelli M">M. Guazzelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haxby, J V" uniqKey="Haxby J">J. V. Haxby</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ricciardi, E" uniqKey="Ricciardi E">E. Ricciardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vanello, N" uniqKey="Vanello N">N. Vanello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sani, L" uniqKey="Sani L">L. Sani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gentili, C" uniqKey="Gentili C">C. Gentili</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scilingo, E P" uniqKey="Scilingo E">E. P. Scilingo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Landini, L" uniqKey="Landini L">L. Landini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rinn, W" uniqKey="Rinn W">W. Rinn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rizzolatti, G" uniqKey="Rizzolatti G">G. Rizzolatti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fogassi, L" uniqKey="Fogassi L">L. Fogassi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gallese, V" uniqKey="Gallese V">V. Gallese</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rosch, E H" uniqKey="Rosch E">E. H. Rosch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sadato, N" uniqKey="Sadato N">N. Sadato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual Leone, A" uniqKey="Pascual Leone A">A. Pascual-Leone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grafman, J" uniqKey="Grafman J">J. Grafman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ibanez, V" uniqKey="Ibanez V">V. Ibanez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deiber, M P" uniqKey="Deiber M">M. P. Deiber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dold, G" uniqKey="Dold G">G. Dold</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sathian, K" uniqKey="Sathian K">K. Sathian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zangaladze, A" uniqKey="Zangaladze A">A. Zangaladze</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, J M" uniqKey="Hoffman J">J. M. Hoffman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grafton, S T" uniqKey="Grafton S">S. T. Grafton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shattuck, D W" uniqKey="Shattuck D">D. W. Shattuck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mirza, M" uniqKey="Mirza M">M. Mirza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adisetiyo, V" uniqKey="Adisetiyo V">V. Adisetiyo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hojatkashani, C" uniqKey="Hojatkashani C">C. Hojatkashani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salamon, G" uniqKey="Salamon G">G. Salamon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Narr, K L" uniqKey="Narr K">K. L. Narr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stilla, R" uniqKey="Stilla R">R. Stilla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hanna, R" uniqKey="Hanna R">R. Hanna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, X" uniqKey="Hu X">X. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mariola, E" uniqKey="Mariola E">E. Mariola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deshpande, G" uniqKey="Deshpande G">G. Deshpande</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sathian, K" uniqKey="Sathian K">K. Sathian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stilla, R" uniqKey="Stilla R">R. Stilla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sathian, K" uniqKey="Sathian K">K. Sathian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Striem Amit, E" uniqKey="Striem Amit E">E. Striem-Amit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dakwar, O" uniqKey="Dakwar O">O. Dakwar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reich, L" uniqKey="Reich L">L. Reich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amedi, A" uniqKey="Amedi A">A. Amedi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sugita, Y" uniqKey="Sugita Y">Y. Sugita</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thompson, J" uniqKey="Thompson J">J. Thompson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsao, D Y" uniqKey="Tsao D">D. Y. Tsao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moeller, S" uniqKey="Moeller S">S. Moeller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freiwald, W A" uniqKey="Freiwald W">W. A. Freiwald</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsao, D Y" uniqKey="Tsao D">D. Y. Tsao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schweers, N" uniqKey="Schweers N">N. Schweers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moeller, S" uniqKey="Moeller S">S. Moeller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freiwald, W A" uniqKey="Freiwald W">W. A. Freiwald</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tzourio Mazoyer, N" uniqKey="Tzourio Mazoyer N">N. Tzourio-Mazoyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Schonen, S" uniqKey="De Schonen S">S. De Schonen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crivello, F" uniqKey="Crivello F">F. Crivello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reutter, B" uniqKey="Reutter B">B. Reutter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aujard, Y" uniqKey="Aujard Y">Y. Aujard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mazoyer, B" uniqKey="Mazoyer B">B. Mazoyer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wager, T D" uniqKey="Wager T">T. D. Wager</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nichols, T E" uniqKey="Nichols T">T. E. Nichols</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Webb, C" uniqKey="Webb C">C. Webb</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wing, L" uniqKey="Wing L">L. Wing</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wolbers, T" uniqKey="Wolbers T">T. Wolbers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klatzky, R L" uniqKey="Klatzky R">R. L. Klatzky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loomis, J M" uniqKey="Loomis J">J. M. Loomis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wutte, M G" uniqKey="Wutte M">M. G. Wutte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giudice, N A" uniqKey="Giudice N">N. A. Giudice</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Worsley, K J" uniqKey="Worsley K">K. J. Worsley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friston, K J" uniqKey="Friston K">K. J. Friston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/HapticV1/Data/Main/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001C44 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 001C44 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Ticri/CIDE
|area= HapticV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3556569
|texte= Early visual experience and the recognition of basic facial expressions: involvement of the middle temporal and inferior frontal gyri during haptic identification by the early blind
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:23372547" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a HapticV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.23. |  |