A Framework for Different Levels of Integration of Computational Models Into Web-Based Virtual Patients
Identifieur interne : 001501 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001500; suivant : 001502A Framework for Different Levels of Integration of Computational Models Into Web-Based Virtual Patients
Auteurs :Source :
- Journal of Medical Internet Research [ 1439-4456 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Virtual patients are increasingly common tools used in health care education to foster learning of clinical reasoning skills. One potential way to expand their functionality is to augment virtual patients’ interactivity by enriching them with computational models of physiological and pathological processes.
The primary goal of this paper was to propose a conceptual framework for the integration of computational models within virtual patients, with particular focus on (1) characteristics to be addressed while preparing the integration, (2) the extent of the integration, (3) strategies to achieve integration, and (4) methods for evaluating the feasibility of integration. An additional goal was to pilot the first investigation of changing framework variables on altering perceptions of integration.
The framework was constructed using an iterative process informed by Soft System Methodology. The Virtual Physiological Human (VPH) initiative has been used as a source of new computational models. The technical challenges associated with development of virtual patients enhanced by computational models are discussed from the perspectives of a number of different stakeholders. Concrete design and evaluation steps are discussed in the context of an exemplar virtual patient employing the results of the VPH ARCH project, as well as improvements for future iterations.
The proposed framework consists of four main elements. The first element is a list of feasibility features characterizing the integration process from three perspectives: the computational modelling researcher, the health care educationalist, and the virtual patient system developer. The second element included three integration levels: basic, where a single set of simulation outcomes is generated for specific nodes in the activity graph; intermediate, involving pre-generation of simulation datasets over a range of input parameters; advanced, including dynamic solution of the model. The third element is the description of four integration strategies, and the last element consisted of evaluation profiles specifying the relevant feasibility features and acceptance thresholds for specific purposes. The group of experts who evaluated the virtual patient exemplar found higher integration more interesting, but at the same time they were more concerned with the validity of the result. The observed differences were not statistically significant.
This paper outlines a framework for the integration of computational models into virtual patients. The opportunities and challenges of model exploitation are discussed from a number of user perspectives, considering different levels of model integration. The long-term aim for future research is to isolate the most crucial factors in the framework and to determine their influence on the integration outcome.
Url:
DOI: 10.2196/jmir.2593
PubMed: 24463466
PubMed Central: 3906686
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A Framework for Different Levels of Integration of Computational Models Into Web-Based Virtual Patients</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24463466</idno><idno type="pmc">3906686</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3906686</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3906686</idno><idno type="doi">10.2196/jmir.2593</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000E70</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002C66</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002C66</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002C66</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001507</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001501</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001501</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A Framework for Different Levels of Integration of Computational Models Into Web-Based Virtual Patients</title></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Medical Internet Research</title><idno type="ISSN">1439-4456</idno><idno type="eISSN">1438-8871</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec sec-type="background"><title>Background</title><p>Virtual patients are increasingly common tools used in health care education to foster learning of clinical reasoning skills. One potential way to expand their functionality is to augment virtual patients’ interactivity by enriching them with computational models of physiological and pathological processes.</p></sec><sec sec-type="objective"><title>Objective</title><p>The primary goal of this paper was to propose a conceptual framework for the integration of computational models within virtual patients, with particular focus on (1) characteristics to be addressed while preparing the integration, (2) the extent of the integration, (3) strategies to achieve integration, and (4) methods for evaluating the feasibility of integration. An additional goal was to pilot the first investigation of changing framework variables on altering perceptions of integration.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title><p>The framework was constructed using an iterative process informed by Soft System Methodology. The Virtual Physiological Human (VPH) initiative has been used as a source of new computational models. The technical challenges associated with development of virtual patients enhanced by computational models are discussed from the perspectives of a number of different stakeholders. Concrete design and evaluation steps are discussed in the context of an exemplar virtual patient employing the results of the VPH ARCH project, as well as improvements for future iterations.</p></sec><sec sec-type="results"><title>Results</title><p>The proposed framework consists of four main elements. The first element is a list of feasibility features characterizing the integration process from three perspectives: the computational modelling researcher, the health care educationalist, and the virtual patient system developer. The second element included three integration levels: basic, where a single set of simulation outcomes is generated for specific nodes in the activity graph; intermediate, involving pre-generation of simulation datasets over a range of input parameters; advanced, including dynamic solution of the model. The third element is the description of four integration strategies, and the last element consisted of evaluation profiles specifying the relevant feasibility features and acceptance thresholds for specific purposes. The group of experts who evaluated the virtual patient exemplar found higher integration more interesting, but at the same time they were more concerned with the validity of the result. The observed differences were not statistically significant.</p></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions"><title>Conclusions</title><p>This paper outlines a framework for the integration of computational models into virtual patients. The opportunities and challenges of model exploitation are discussed from a number of user perspectives, considering different levels of model integration. The long-term aim for future research is to isolate the most crucial factors in the framework and to determine their influence on the integration outcome.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ellaway, R" uniqKey="Ellaway R">R Ellaway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masters, K" uniqKey="Masters K">K Masters</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ellaway, Rh" uniqKey="Ellaway R">RH Ellaway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poulton, T" uniqKey="Poulton T">T Poulton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smothers, V" uniqKey="Smothers V">V Smothers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greene, P" uniqKey="Greene P">P Greene</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Poulton, T" uniqKey="Poulton T">T Poulton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balasubramaniam, C" uniqKey="Balasubramaniam C">C 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Heid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donkers, J" uniqKey="Donkers J">J Donkers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hege, I" uniqKey="Hege I">I Hege</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woodham, L" uniqKey="Woodham L">L Woodham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zary, N" uniqKey="Zary N">N Zary</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tworek, J" uniqKey="Tworek J">J Tworek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paget, M" uniqKey="Paget M">M Paget</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mclauglin, K" uniqKey="Mclauglin K">K McLauglin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wright, B" uniqKey="Wright B">B Wright</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kononowicz, Aa" uniqKey="Kononowicz A">AA Kononowicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zary, N" uniqKey="Zary N">N Zary</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, D" uniqKey="Davies D">D Davies</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heid, J" uniqKey="Heid J">J Heid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woodham, L" uniqKey="Woodham L">L Woodham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hege, I" uniqKey="Hege I">I Hege</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bode, As" uniqKey="Bode A">AS Bode</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huberts, W" uniqKey="Huberts W">W Huberts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bosboom, Em" uniqKey="Bosboom E">EM Bosboom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kroon, W" uniqKey="Kroon W">W Kroon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Linden, Wp" uniqKey="Van Der Linden W">WP van der Linden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Planken, Rn" uniqKey="Planken R">RN Planken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Vosse, Fn" uniqKey="Van De Vosse F">FN van de Vosse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tordoir, Jh" uniqKey="Tordoir J">JH Tordoir</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Passera, K" uniqKey="Passera K">K Passera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manini, S" uniqKey="Manini S">S Manini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Antiga, L" uniqKey="Antiga L">L Antiga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Remuzzi, A" uniqKey="Remuzzi A">A Remuzzi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ellaway, R" uniqKey="Ellaway R">R Ellaway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Topps, D" uniqKey="Topps D">D Topps</name></author><author><name sortKey="Macdonald, J" uniqKey="Macdonald J">J MacDonald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Copeland, B" uniqKey="Copeland B">B Copeland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Olmos, A" uniqKey="Olmos A">A Olmos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, B" uniqKey="Spencer B">B Spencer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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