Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms
Identifieur interne : 004203 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004202; suivant : 004204Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms
Auteurs : H. V. Fuchs ; X. Zha ; X. Zhou ; H. DrotleffSource :
- Applied Acoustics [ 0003-682X ] ; 2001.
Abstract
As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1
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Fuchs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: fuchs@ibp.fhg.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zha, X" sort="Zha, X" uniqKey="Zha X" first="X." last="Zha">X. Zha</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, X" sort="Zhou, X" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="X." last="Zhou">X. Zhou</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drotleff, H" sort="Drotleff, H" uniqKey="Drotleff H" first="H." last="Drotleff">H. Drotleff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Applied Acoustics</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">APAC</title><idno type="ISSN">0003-682X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001">2001</date><biblScope unit="volume">62</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1375">1375</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1396">1396</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0003-682X</idno></series><idno type="istex">8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-682X(01)00008-1</idno><idno type="ArticleID">3704</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0003-682X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>H.V. Fuchs</name><affiliations><json:string>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: fuchs@ibp.fhg.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>X. Zha</name><affiliations><json:string>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>X. Zhou</name><affiliations><json:string>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Drotleff</name><affiliations><json:string>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>3704</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>468 x 680 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1758</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5112</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>29565</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>22</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>259</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</title><pii><json:string>S0003-682X(01)00008-1</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>62</volume><pii><json:string>S0003-682X(00)X0081-3</json:string></pii><pages><last>1396</last><first>1375</first></pages><issn><json:string>0003-682X</json:string></issn><issue>12</issue><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Applied Acoustics</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1</json:string></doi><id>8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Eigenfrequencies and transfer function of a rectangular room [5].</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Averaged spectra of normal male () or female (—) speech [6].</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Determining a speech interference level (SIL) from an external noise level according to [7].</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Compound panel absorber (CPA) [13]. (1) Freely vibrating panel (1–2.5 mm steel); (2) resilient porous foam plate; (3) and (4) adhesive connecting layers; (5) absorber casing.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Mean absorption coefficient in the reverberation room according to Fig. 6 but all four lower corners with CPA, measurement in 1/3-octave bands.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Measurement of CPA modules in an adequately damped reverberation room.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Absorption coefficient of CPA modules in the room according to Fig. 6, measurement in 1/3-octave bands.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Audio and video conference room with CPA modules on one wall and the ceiling.</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: Reverberation time measured as a function of frequency in the conference room of Fig. 8 before (—) and after () the installation of the CPA modules.</note><note type="content">Fig. 10: Photo of a representative office with CPA modules hidden behind a suspended ceiling and as a multi-purpose whiteboard.</note><note type="content">Fig. 11: Reverberation time measured as a function of frequency before (—) and after () acoustic treatment of the office depicted in Fig. 10.</note><note type="content">Fig. 12: Transfer function spectrum before (—) and after () acoustic treatment of the office depicted in Fig. 10.</note><note type="content">Fig. 13: CPA bass absorber modules mounted on the walls and ceiling of a digital mastering room in a music studio.</note><note type="content">Fig. 14: Reverberation time as measured before and after a comprehensive acoustic treatment of the mastering room depicted in Fig. 13; ○, before treatment; ■, after treatment; , ITU recommendation.</note><note type="content">Fig. 15: Lecture and media room in the Office Innovation Center of the FhG.</note><note type="content">Fig. 16: BCA and CPA modules as mounted on one wall of the lecture room depicted in Fig. 15.</note><note type="content">Fig. 17: Photograph of a vaulted lecture room with CPA modules as wall elements and baffles.</note><note type="content">Fig. 18: Photographs of a glass-surrounded canteen in the FhG centre, Stuttgart.</note><note type="content">Fig. 19: Reverberation time spectra measured before (—) and after () retrofit measures with 61 CPA modules 1.0×0.75 m under the conventional ceiling of a canteen (Fig. 18).</note><note type="content">Fig. 20: Consulting cabinet tested in an anechoic room at IBP.</note><note type="content">Fig. 21: Reverberation time within the cabinet of Fig. 20 before () and after (—) installation of 12.5 m2 of microperforated panel absorbers mounted 20 or 60 mm in front of the glass walls and 10 m2 of CPA integrated in the ceiling.</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</title><author><persName><forename type="first">H.V.</forename><surname>Fuchs</surname></persName><email>fuchs@ibp.fhg.de</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author</p></note><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">X.</forename><surname>Zha</surname></persName><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">X.</forename><surname>Zhou</surname></persName><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Drotleff</surname></persName><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Applied Acoustics</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">APAC</title><idno type="pISSN">0003-682X</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-682X(00)X0081-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">62</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1375">1375</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1396">1396</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-682X(01)00008-1</idno><idno type="ArticleID">3704</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-02-05">Registration</change><change when="2001-01-09">Modified</change><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr9" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr9"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr10" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr10"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr11" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr11"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr12" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr12"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr13" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr13"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr14" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr14"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr15" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr15"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr16" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr16"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr17" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr17"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr18" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr18"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr19" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr19"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr20" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr20"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr21" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr21"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>APAC</jid><aid>3704</aid><ce:pii>S0003-682X(01)00008-1</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="2001"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>H.V.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fuchs</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address type="email">fuchs@ibp.fhg.de</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>X.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Zha</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>X.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Zhou</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Drotleff</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="7" month="9" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="9" month="1" year="2001"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="5" month="2" year="2001"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract class="author"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0115">As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Creating low-noise environments in communication rooms</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fuchs</namePart><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: fuchs@ibp.fhg.de</affiliation><description>Corresponding author</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">X.</namePart><namePart type="family">Zha</namePart><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">X.</namePart><namePart type="family">Zhou</namePart><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Drotleff</namePart><affiliation>Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik (IBP), Postfach 80 04 69, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2001-02-05</dateValid><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2001-01-09</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">As a research, development and consulting institute the IBP has frequently been confronted with external (intruding from outside) and internal (self-generated inside) noise in communication areas of one kind or another. As a fundamental discovery it has become obvious that the frequency range far below that covered by building and room acoustic standards is of the utmost importance for the sound generation and speech intelligibility process. A powerful new tool for tackling low-frequency problems was invented in the form of slender compound panel absorbers (CPA) to be mounted on (or integrated in) walls or ceilings as an efficient means to damp the dominant eigenfrequencies of the room itself. Since literature on the rather obscure phenomena observable below 125 or 100 Hz in real-life conversations was found to be very scarce, a large variety of acoustically unsatisfactory enclosures was investigated beyond the standard frequency limits and subsequently cured with some really convincing improvements experienced in acoustic comfort and sound quality. This paper was written as an advise and warning for acoustic consultants (not scientists) dealing with the often torturing acoustics in preferably hard-walled office, conference, foyer, restaurant or class rooms (not studios). The still growing problem of low-frequency room responses does not allow waiting for more academic studies and recognized extensions and adjustments of the valid measuring standards and regulations. Responsible acousticians should at least be aware that conventional single-number ratings for sound power, transmission and absorption are not of much help when dealing with this omnipresent problem which seems to have passed unnoticed even by experts in this field.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Eigenfrequencies and transfer function of a rectangular room [5].</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Averaged spectra of normal male () or female (—) speech [6].</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Determining a speech interference level (SIL) from an external noise level according to [7].</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Compound panel absorber (CPA) [13]. (1) Freely vibrating panel (1–2.5 mm steel); (2) resilient porous foam plate; (3) and (4) adhesive connecting layers; (5) absorber casing.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Mean absorption coefficient in the reverberation room according to Fig. 6 but all four lower corners with CPA, measurement in 1/3-octave bands.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Measurement of CPA modules in an adequately damped reverberation room.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Absorption coefficient of CPA modules in the room according to Fig. 6, measurement in 1/3-octave bands.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Audio and video conference room with CPA modules on one wall and the ceiling.</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: Reverberation time measured as a function of frequency in the conference room of Fig. 8 before (—) and after () the installation of the CPA modules.</note><note type="content">Fig. 10: Photo of a representative office with CPA modules hidden behind a suspended ceiling and as a multi-purpose whiteboard.</note><note type="content">Fig. 11: Reverberation time measured as a function of frequency before (—) and after () acoustic treatment of the office depicted in Fig. 10.</note><note type="content">Fig. 12: Transfer function spectrum before (—) and after () acoustic treatment of the office depicted in Fig. 10.</note><note type="content">Fig. 13: CPA bass absorber modules mounted on the walls and ceiling of a digital mastering room in a music studio.</note><note type="content">Fig. 14: Reverberation time as measured before and after a comprehensive acoustic treatment of the mastering room depicted in Fig. 13; ○, before treatment; ■, after treatment; , ITU recommendation.</note><note type="content">Fig. 15: Lecture and media room in the Office Innovation Center of the FhG.</note><note type="content">Fig. 16: BCA and CPA modules as mounted on one wall of the lecture room depicted in Fig. 15.</note><note type="content">Fig. 17: Photograph of a vaulted lecture room with CPA modules as wall elements and baffles.</note><note type="content">Fig. 18: Photographs of a glass-surrounded canteen in the FhG centre, Stuttgart.</note><note type="content">Fig. 19: Reverberation time spectra measured before (—) and after () retrofit measures with 61 CPA modules 1.0×0.75 m under the conventional ceiling of a canteen (Fig. 18).</note><note type="content">Fig. 20: Consulting cabinet tested in an anechoic room at IBP.</note><note type="content">Fig. 21: Reverberation time within the cabinet of Fig. 20 before () and after (—) installation of 12.5 m2 of microperforated panel absorbers mounted 20 or 60 mm in front of the glass walls and 10 m2 of CPA integrated in the ceiling.</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Applied Acoustics</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>APAC</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200112</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0003-682X</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0003-682X(00)X0081-3</identifier><part><date>200112</date><detail type="volume"><number>62</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>12</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1313</start><end>1410</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>1375</start><end>1396</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00008-1</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0003-682X(01)00008-1</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">3704</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><istex:refBibTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/8139914AAF85C5AFAAEF192CBDF4FC1EE562C724/enrichments/refBib"><teiHeader></teiHeader><text><front></front><body></body><back><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Room-acoustical improvement of small rooms at low frequencies (in German)</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Fuchs</forename><surname>Hv</surname></persName></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">DAB</title><imprint><biblScope unit="volume">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1201" to="7"></biblScope><date type="published" when="1991"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Sound recording in historical rooms (in German)</title><author><persName><forename type="middle">J</forename><surname>Hunecke</surname></persName></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Orchester</title><imprint><biblScope unit="volume">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="9" to="11"></biblScope><date type="published" when="1994"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Acoustics in small rooms</title><author><persName><surname>Fuchs Hv</surname></persName></author><author><persName><surname>Zha</surname></persName></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Baumeister</title><imprint><biblScope unit="volume">92</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="64" to="9"></biblScope><date type="published" when="1995"></date></imprint></monogr><note>in. 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