Serveur d'exploration sur les dispositifs haptiques

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision

Identifieur interne : 000C39 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000C38; suivant : 000C40

Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision

Auteurs : Miriam Ittyerah ; Lawrence E. Marks

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417

Abstract

The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals. The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).

Url:
DOI: 10.1348/000712606X171531

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417

Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ittyerah, Miriam" sort="Ittyerah, Miriam" uniqKey="Ittyerah M" first="Miriam" last="Ittyerah">Miriam Ittyerah</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Marks, Lawrence E" sort="Marks, Lawrence E" uniqKey="Marks L" first="Lawrence E." last="Marks">Lawrence E. Marks</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417</idno>
<date when="2007" year="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1348/000712606X171531</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417/fulltext/pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000C39</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ittyerah, Miriam" sort="Ittyerah, Miriam" uniqKey="Ittyerah M" first="Miriam" last="Ittyerah">Miriam Ittyerah</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Marks, Lawrence E" sort="Marks, Lawrence E" uniqKey="Marks L" first="Lawrence E." last="Marks">Lawrence E. Marks</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series>
<title level="j">British Journal of Psychology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0007-1269</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2044-8295</idno>
<imprint>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
<pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2007-11">2007-11</date>
<biblScope unit="volume">98</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="589">589</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="610">610</biblScope>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0007-1269</idno>
</series>
<idno type="istex">81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1348/000712606X171531</idno>
<idno type="ArticleID">BJOP466</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt>
<idno type="ISSN">0007-1269</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
<langUsage>
<language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals. The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex>
<corpusName>wiley</corpusName>
<author>
<json:item>
<name>Miriam Ittyerah</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>Lawrence E. Marks</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<articleId>
<json:string>BJOP466</json:string>
</articleId>
<language>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<abstract>The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals. The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).</abstract>
<qualityIndicators>
<score>7.184</score>
<pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageSize>612 x 850 pts</pdfPageSize>
<refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative>
<keywordCount>0</keywordCount>
<abstractCharCount>1322</abstractCharCount>
<pdfWordCount>10110</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>60972</pdfCharCount>
<pdfPageCount>22</pdfPageCount>
<abstractWordCount>182</abstractWordCount>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
<genre.original>
<json:string>article</json:string>
</genre.original>
<genre>
<json:string>article</json:string>
</genre>
<host>
<volume>98</volume>
<publisherId>
<json:string>BJOP</json:string>
</publisherId>
<pages>
<total>22</total>
<last>610</last>
<first>589</first>
</pages>
<issn>
<json:string>0007-1269</json:string>
</issn>
<issue>4</issue>
<genre>
<json:string>journal</json:string>
</genre>
<language>
<json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<eissn>
<json:string>2044-8295</json:string>
</eissn>
<title>British Journal of Psychology</title>
<doi>
<json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)2044-8295</json:string>
</doi>
</host>
<publicationDate>2007</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>2007</copyrightDate>
<doi>
<json:string>10.1348/000712606X171531</json:string>
</doi>
<id>81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417</id>
<score>1</score>
<fulltext>
<json:item>
<original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<extension>pdf</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417/fulltext/pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<extension>zip</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417/fulltext/zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417/fulltext/tei">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
<pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace>
<availability>
<p>WILEY</p>
</availability>
<date>2007</date>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct type="inbook">
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
<author>
<persName>
<forename type="first">Miriam</forename>
<surname>Ittyerah</surname>
</persName>
<note type="correspondence">
<p>Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Miriam Ittyerah, Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India (e‐mail: ).</p>
</note>
<affiliation>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<persName>
<forename type="first">Lawrence E.</forename>
<surname>Marks</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr>
<title level="j">British Journal of Psychology</title>
<idno type="pISSN">0007-1269</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2044-8295</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)2044-8295</idno>
<imprint>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
<pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2007-11"></date>
<biblScope unit="volume">98</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="589">589</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="610">610</biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<idno type="istex">81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1348/000712606X171531</idno>
<idno type="ArticleID">BJOP466</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<creation>
<date>2007</date>
</creation>
<langUsage>
<language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
<abstract xml:lang="en">
<p>The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals. The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).</p>
</abstract>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc>
<change when="2007-11">Published</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<extension>txt</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417/fulltext/txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata>
<istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body">
<istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:document>
<component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en">
<header>
<publicationMeta level="product">
<publisherInfo>
<publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName>
<publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc>
</publisherInfo>
<doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)2044-8295</doi>
<issn type="print">0007-1269</issn>
<issn type="electronic">2044-8295</issn>
<idGroup>
<id type="product" value="BJOP"></id>
<id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id>
</idGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="main" sort="BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY">British Journal of Psychology</title>
</titleGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="part" position="11104">
<doi origin="wiley">10.1111/bjop.2007.98.issue-4</doi>
<numberingGroup>
<numbering type="journalVolume" number="98">98</numbering>
<numbering type="journalIssue" number="4">4</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<coverDate startDate="2007-11">November 2007</coverDate>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="4" status="forIssue">
<doi origin="wiley">10.1348/000712606X171531</doi>
<idGroup>
<id type="unit" value="BJOP466"></id>
</idGroup>
<countGroup>
<count type="pageTotal" number="22"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="tocHeading1">Article</title>
</titleGroup>
<copyright>2007 The British Psychological Society</copyright>
<eventGroup>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.4.2 mode:FullText" date="2010-12-31"></event>
<event type="firstOnline" date="2010-12-31"></event>
<event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2010-12-31"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-27"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event>
</eventGroup>
<numberingGroup>
<numbering type="pageFirst" number="589">589</numbering>
<numbering type="pageLast" number="610">610</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<correspondenceTo> Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Miriam Ittyerah, Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India (e‐mail:
<email>miriamittyerah7@yahoo.co.in</email>
).</correspondenceTo>
<linkGroup>
<link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:BJOP.BJOP466.pdf"></link>
</linkGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<contentMeta>
<unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 22 November 2005; revised version received 15 November 2006</unparsedEditorialHistory>
<countGroup>
<count type="figureTotal" number="3"></count>
<count type="tableTotal" number="4"></count>
<count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count>
<count type="referenceTotal" number="71"></count>
<count type="linksCrossRef" number="111"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup>
<title type="main">Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
</titleGroup>
<creators>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes">
<personName>
<givenNames>Miriam</givenNames>
<familyName>Ittyerah</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2">
<personName>
<givenNames>Lawrence E.</givenNames>
<familyName>Marks</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
</creators>
<affiliationGroup>
<affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="IN">
<unparsedAffiliation>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="US">
<unparsedAffiliation>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
</affiliationGroup>
<abstractGroup>
<abstract type="main" xml:lang="en">
<p>The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals.</p>
<p>The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).</p>
</abstract>
</abstractGroup>
</contentMeta>
</header>
</component>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6">
<titleInfo lang="en">
<title>Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en">
<title>Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Miriam</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ittyerah</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India</affiliation>
<description> Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Miriam Ittyerah, Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India (e‐mail: ).</description>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Lawrence E.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Marks</namePart>
<affiliation>John B. Pierce Laboratory and Yale University, New Haven, USA</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre>
<originInfo>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
<place>
<placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm>
</place>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2007-11</dateIssued>
<edition>Received 22 November 2005; revised version received 15 November 2006</edition>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2007</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription>
<internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType>
<extent unit="figures">3</extent>
<extent unit="tables">4</extent>
<extent unit="references">71</extent>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">The present study examined the role of vision and haptics in memory for stimulus objects that vary along the dimension of curvature. Experiment 1 measured haptic‐haptic (T‐T) and haptic‐visual (T‐V) discrimination of curvature in a short‐term memory paradigm, using 30‐second retention intervals containing five different interpolated tasks. Results showed poorest performance when the interpolated tasks required spatial processing or movement, thereby suggesting that haptic information about shape is encoded in a spatial‐motor representation. Experiment 2 compared visual‐visual (V‐V) and visual‐haptic (V‐T) short‐term memory, again using 30‐second delay intervals. The results of the ANOVA failed to show a significant effect of intervening activity. Intra‐modal visual performance and cross‐modal performance were similar. Comparing the four modality conditions (inter‐modal V‐T, T‐V; intra‐modal V‐V, T‐T, by combining the data of Experiments 1 and 2), in a global analysis, showed a reliable interaction between intervening activity and experiment (modality). Although there appears to be a general tendency for spatial and movement activities to exert the most deleterious effects overall, the patterns are not identical when the initial stimulus is encoded haptically (Experiment 1) and visually (Experiment 2).</abstract>
<relatedItem type="host">
<titleInfo>
<title>British Journal of Psychology</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal">journal</genre>
<identifier type="ISSN">0007-1269</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">2044-8295</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)2044-8295</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">BJOP</identifier>
<part>
<date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>98</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue">
<caption>no.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>589</start>
<end>610</end>
<total>22</total>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1348/000712606X171531</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">BJOP466</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">2007 The British Psychological Society</accessCondition>
<recordInfo>
<recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
</metadata>
<serie></serie>
</istex>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/HapticV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000C39 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000C39 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Ticri/CIDE
   |area=    HapticV1
   |flux=    Istex
   |étape=   Corpus
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     ISTEX:81571875B8CBA2D75E81394366F67B6629000417
   |texte=   Memory for curvature of objects: Haptic touch vs. vision
}}

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.23.
Data generation: Mon Jun 13 01:09:46 2016. Site generation: Wed Mar 6 09:54:07 2024